不同溶剂提取叶绿体色素后分离效果的比较

利用不同溶剂提取叶绿体色素,再用纸层析法对叶绿体色素进行分离,并对分离效果进行比较.结果表明,的确可以通过改革溶剂的配方将色素分离结果清晰呈现出来.在原来80%的丙酮为溶剂进行提取时各色素分层明显,界限清晰,但各色素颜色很浅,尤其黄色素颜色更浅;乙醚提取时黄色素相对较多,而当乙醚:丙酮=2:1混合作提取溶剂时,各色素比例相当,含量较高,层析后效果好,各色素带清晰,分界明显.     

油菜花中黄色素的提取及稳定性研究

对不同试剂提取油菜花中的黄色素的效果作了比较，并研究了这种黄色素的稳定性。结果表明用乙醚提取效果最好，这种黄色素耐碱、耐热性好、对Na^ 、Ca^2 、Zn^2 、Mg^2 稳定。．     

红花中羟基红花黄色素A含量的紫外分光光度法测定

采用超声辅助提取法对新疆产红花药材中黄色素进行了提取，以羟基红花黄色素A为对照品，采用紫外分光光度法测得其含量为8．07％，平均回收率为97．32％，RSD为1．5％(n=5)。     

苦浆果黄色素的提取及其稳定性研究

实验用不同的试剂从苦浆果中提取黄色素，研究了该黄色素的热稳定性、光稳定性、ｐＨ值稳定性及几种介质的稳定性．结果表明：该黄色素的ｐＨ值稳定性及其在４种介质中的稳定性较好，温度和光照对色素的稳定性产生一定的影响．该色素具有良好的开发应用价值．     

有机试剂提取浮游植物光合色素的研究

用4种常用有机试剂丙酮、甲醇、乙醇与N，N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)提取光合色素，通过高效液相色谱方法(HPLC)分析比较了它们对实验室培养浮游植物的叶绿素a及其衍生物、叶绿素b及其衍生物、叶绿素c1 c2、叶绿素c3、4种类胡萝卜素以及胡萝卜素的提取效果．结果表明：DMF色素提取效率最高，仅需1h就能完全提取叶绿素及类胡萝卜素，而其它溶剂时间延至24h．仍不能完全提取；丙酮与DMF均能较大地抑制叶绿素酶(chlorophyllase)的活性和脱植基叶绿素a的产生，而甲醇与乙醇在提取过程中容易促生成脱植基叶绿素a；V(丙酮)：V(甲醇)=4：1，提取色素中脱植基叶绿素a介于两之间．DMF提取易产生较高比例的叶绿素a氧化体(allomers)和异构体(epimers)，且叶绿素a氧化体随着时间延长而增多．从不同色素提取效果来看，丙酮对极性较小的色素提取效果较好，乙醇对极性色素提取效果较好，甲醇介于二之间；而DMF对绝大部分色素均有良好的提取效果．     

黄色素-37的光谱性质研究及其在纤维着色中的应用

利用紫外可见分光光度计对黄色素-37（CK-37）进行光谱性质研究,找出黄色素-37的最适显色剂、显色比例、显色温度和显色时间,并将其显色应用于玄武岩纤维和玻璃纤维的着色中.实验结果表明,黄色素-37易溶于丙酮,溶于乙醇,其最适显色剂为盐酸,显色效果随着酸浓度的增大而增强,与盐酸显色等摩尔比为1∶2（与草酸为1∶1）,最适显色温度为25 ℃,最适显色时间为10 min.将黄色素-37显色应用于玄武岩纤维和玻璃纤维着色中,着色后的纤维色泽鲜艳,遇水不褪色,且具有一定的耐酸碱性.     

高色价栀子黄色素提取工艺及其性质研究

对栀子黄色素提取工艺及条件进行了改进，从栀子果实中提取高色价的黄色素，并对该色素进行了理化性质实验，结果表明，在改进工艺条件后，所得产品吸光度等于220，为GB7912-87要求吸光度E1cm^1D0nm≥24的9倍。且该色素在酸，碱条件下对热，光均具有较好的稳定性。     

桃仁与红花配伍对药材成分溶出的影响

对桃仁与红花配伍对药材成分溶出的影响进行研究.采用单因素试验和正交试验,以羟基红花黄色素A提取转移率与干膏率的综合评分为指标,优选红花最佳提取工艺,以苦杏仁苷提取转移率与干膏率的综合评分为指标,优选桃仁最佳提取工艺.在最佳提取工艺下,将桃仁与红花配伍,采用高效液相色谱法测定红花中羟基红花黄色素A提取转移率,并进行统计分析.实验结果显示,红花最佳提取工艺为提取2次,每次提取1.5 h,液料比为50∶1,桃仁最佳提取工艺为提取3次,每次提取3.5 h,液料比为8∶1.实验结果表明,桃仁对红花中羟基红花黄色素A提取转移率无显著性影响.     

金鸡菊黄色素提取工艺研究

通过单因素和L16（4^5）正交实验对金鸡菊花中黄色素的提取工艺进行了研究,获得提取最佳工艺条件为：pH值为3、体积分数65％的乙醇为浸提剂,按料液比1：12投料,在50℃下浸提5h．     

栀子黄色素纯化工艺的优化

为了提高栀子黄色素品质和提升产品附加值,采用超声辅助有机溶液热回流萃取法制备栀子黄色素,采用大孔树脂分离法分离纯化栀子黄色素。实验结果表明,栀子黄色素的最佳提取条件为60%体积分数的乙醇溶液,1∶10料液比,60℃超声反应30min,提取2次;栀子黄色素的最佳纯化条件为用25%体积分数的乙醇溶液洗脱大孔树脂吸附的杂质、栀子苷、绿原酸,用80%体积分数的乙醇溶液分离栀子黄色素,经纯化得到的栀子黄色素色价大于320,OD值小于0.2。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.