一类带约束多目标优化问题的区间算法

重点研究了带约束多目标优化问题的区间算法,其中目标函数和约束条件均为Lips-chitz连续函数。结合评价函数法将带约束的多目标优化问题转化为无约束优化问题,并给出相应的区间扩张,对相关定理进行了证明。利用二分原则和区域删除检验原则,构造了求解多目标优化问题的区间算法,并给出具体算例。结果表明,所建立的算法是可靠有效的。     

一种基于多条件约束的路由优化启发式算法

主要研究了2个问题：其一是在网络中寻找一条从源节点到目的节点的路径，该路径满足总长度不大于预设值且总耗费也不大于预设值；其二是在满足总长度和总耗费均不超过各自预设值的条件下，寻找一条优化路径，使得决策者满意其总长度和总耗费．文中首先提出了一个交互式算法来求解后一个问题，该算法利用一个多目标整数规划模型来求解长度和耗费优化的路径．该算法引入目标参考点，在算法的每一次交互步骤中，让决策者通过调整目标参考点来寻找满意解，并压缩了目标搜索空间．然后提出了一个启发式算法来综合解决以上提出的问题，并在文中给出了该算法的完整描述．最后给出了一个仿真实例来验证文中提出的2个算法．     

基于改进粒子群算法优化电梯群控系统

给出的粒子群优化算法是一种群智能优化技术，利用群体和个体的智能行为来求解组合优化问题，并将多目标问题分别在粒子的各子种群中以内在并行的方式搜索多个非劣解，同时对各子种群粒子的适应度采用积分排序，较好地解决了电梯群控系统的多目标问题。充分弥补了传统方法解决多目标问题出现的不足。针对不同客流强度进行分析，分别得到不同平均的候梯时间和乘梯时间，结果表明采用此种改进的粒子群算法充分保证了算法的收敛速度和精度。     

多目标优化量子免疫算法求解基站选址问题

为了解决带容量约束WCDMA网络的基站选址问题,提出了一个基于多目标优化量子免疫算法的基站选址优化方案.设计了基站选址问题的数学模型,给出了多目标优化量子免疫算法框架,并进行了实验验证.实验结果表明：算法方案能以较小的基站建设代价满足覆盖要求,具有较好应用价值.     

多峰函数寻优的微粒群算法

某些实际问题的优化目标是求所有的局部最优解，即求解多峰寻优问题，为了求解多峰优化问题，提出了改造的微粒群优化算法．尽量减少微粒群算法中的全局因素，从而增大其局部因素，同时采用变步长方法增加微粒的多样性．并给出了该算法的原理和步骤．仿真实验表明该算法概念清楚，计算简单，具有很好的局部寻优特性，可应用求解于多峰寻优问题．另外还给出了几个运算实例和与其它优化算法的比较．图表，表1，参9．     

一种稳态淘汰多目标演化算法

近年来，多目标优化问题求解已成为演化计算的一个重要研究方向。而基于Pareto最优概念的多目标演化算法则是当前演化计算的研究热点。多目标演化算法的研究目标是使算法种群决速收敛并均匀分布于问题的非劣最优域。介绍了多目标优化的概念，在比较分析了目前较成功的多目标演化算法的基础上，提出了一种新的解决数值优化问题的稳态淘汰演化算法。     

基于粒子群算法的不确定动态多目标优化方法研究

当前不确定动态多目标优化方法通常将多目标问题转换成单目标问题,将其它目标看作约束条件,仅可得到单个解,无法有效体现不确定多目标之间的关系,导致得到的解质量低。为此,提出一种新的基于粒子群算法的不确定动态多目标优化方法,给出不确定动态多目标优化问题的数学描述,介绍了粒子群算法,针对粒子群算法容易陷入局部最优的弊端,引入动态变异算子对其进行改进,通过改进的位置更新公式实现粒子群算法位置的自适应更新,给出解决不确定多目标优化问题的详细过程,在此基础上,通过分段线性函数参数化实现不确定动态多目标优化。实验结果表明,所提方法搜索能力强,采用所提方法得到的解与真实解最相近,质量最高。     

多目标动态加权差分算法及在电力经济调度模型上的应用

考虑多目标动态加权进化策略不能有效处理高维变量多目标函数的缺点，本文利用差分算法代替进化策略，提出一种多目标动态加权差分算法．最后，通过优化典型多目标优化问题以及电力经济调度模型优化，验证了所提算法的有效性。     

柔性作业车间调度的精确邻域结构混合进化算法

为解决现有基于关键路径的邻域搜索存在无效移动多、盲目性大以及仅优化单一目标的问题，设计了更加明确精准有效的邻域结构，包括同机器移动和跨机器移动两步操作；在此基础上，给出相应的关键工序精确移动条件，并将其从优化最大完工时间推广到多目标优化；为兼顾算法局部搜索和全局搜索，将其与进化算法进行混合，实现局部与全局的优势互补，并给出相应的混合算法框架；最后，通过两个国际通用的案例集进行测试，并将测试结果与成熟的算法进行对比，验证了所设计算法的有效性和高效性。     

基于双模式更新五行环算法的多目标冷链配送

针对生产运输中广泛存在的冷链配送问题，建立了以配送成本最小化和顾客满意度最大化为目标函数的多目标冷链物流优化模型。基于五行环优化(FECO)算法，提出了双模式更新个体的五行环优化算法(FECO-DMUI)，并对多目标冷链物流模型进行求解。将FECODMUI算法与FECO算法、NSGA-II算法、鲸鱼优化算法和灰狼优化算法进行比较，结果验证了本文模型和算法的有效性，同时验证了FECO-DMUI算法在多目标冷链配送问题中能更加高效地获得路径优化的最优解集。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that