应用微卫星标记对中国7个品种猪遗传变异的研究

对中国 4个地方猪品种 (二花脸、通城、清平、皖南花 )和 3个引进品种 (长白、大白、杜洛克 )的 6个微卫星位点的多态性进行了检测 ,并对品种内和品种间的遗传变异进行了群体遗传学分析。初步结果表明 ,地方猪品种的群体内变异均大于引进品种 ,其中二花脸的品种内变异最高。品种间的聚类结果表明 ,地方品种与引进品种间具有较远的亲缘关系 ,但地方品种的聚类结果并不完全符合由生态特征进行的分类     

超声波处理对不同品种桃果实贮藏品质变化的影响

采用频率为50kHz输出功率为200W的超声波分别对“大久保”桃和“八月脆”桃进行处理,处理时间分别为1min、5min和10min,研究了以桃果实在(10±2)℃条件下贮藏13d的品质变化情况。结果表明:超声波处理5min可明显降低两个品种桃的腐烂率,且5min处理可明显降低“大久保”桃前期果肉硬度的下降,到后期两个品种桃5min处理的酸含量均较高。     

现代化与桃的品种改良

农作物品种是时代的产物,不同历史时期要求并创造不同的农作物品种。桃的品种变革便是其中一例。我国是桃的故乡,具有许多优良的品种,并以白肉、软溶质、粘核的水蜜桃为特征。然而今日欧美等发达国家的桃子品种与     

种桃高手亮"绝活儿"

桃的品种不断丰富,桃的品质不断提高,桃的产业不断扩大,桃农的收入也大幅度增加。更有一些桃农因种桃而声名远扬。     

国内外桃加工科技与产业现状及展望

中国的桃种植面积和产量均为世界第一,2017年我国桃种植面积和总产量分别占世界总种植面积的51.17%和总产量的57.96%。桃生产的季节性较强,在夏季集中上市,为降低因产季集中造成的浪费,桃深加工科技应运而生。阐述了国内外桃加工科技与产业现状及发展趋势,重点介绍了桃罐头生产加工中的去皮、杀菌及质构保持技术,桃汁(浆)生产加工中的色泽保持和品质稳定性保持技术,以及脱水桃制品生产中的热风干燥技术、真空冷冻技术和压差闪蒸技术。分析了我国桃罐头、桃汁、桃脱水制品、桃发酵制品等的加工技术与装备的发展方向与趋势;论述了我国桃由传统加工向现代加工产业转变和推进桃产业健康快速发展的必要性。最后对我国桃产业发展前景进行了展望。     

桃蚜关键抗性基因挖掘及抗蚜Cry蛋白预测

为了挖掘桃蚜(Myzus persicae)的关键抗性基因并构建抗性调控网络,通过加权基因共表达网络分析(WGCNA)和差异表达基因分析(DEGs)对桃蚜抗性研究的GEO数据库进行分析,筛选出2 426个枢纽基因和2 263个差异表达基因探针.将关键抗性基因在String数据库中进行蛋白质相互作用(PPI)分析,获得154个桃蚜关键抗性基因,并绘制桃蚜的抗性调控网络.结果表明:acpp基因的上调表达可能是大多数Cry蛋白不能有效杀死桃蚜的原因之一;参考抗蚜Cry1Cb2蛋白和11个靶标蛋白的对接规则,通过同源建模和分子对接等生物信息学技术,预测了10个新的Cry蛋白可能对桃蚜具有杀虫活性.     

甘蔗品种的引进、鉴定和利用

从17个国家和地区引进240个甘蔗品种,其中44个是各国80年代新育成或推广的优良栽培品种,14个是世界广为利用的著名新本品种,39个是我国急需的大野后裔和抗病鉴别品种。并应用数量遗传、生理生化和生物技术等手段,对引进品种进行深入系统的研究,在甘蔗数量遗传、生化标记、抗(病、旱)性鉴定、细胞亚无性系筛选和农艺特性及其配     

17种梅(桃)属观赏树木花粉生活力的比较

用琼脂培养基发芽法,对梅(桃)属(Prunus)观赏树种中的梅(P．mume)、红梅(P.mume f.rubriflora)、杏(P．armeniace)、李(P．saliciua)、紫叶李(P．cerasifera var．atropupura)、郁李(P．japonica)、东京樱花(P．yedoensis)、毛樱桃(P．tomentosia)、榆叶梅(P．triloba)、桃(P．persica)、白花桃(P．persica f．alba)、蟠桃(P．persica f．compressa)、紫叶桃(P．persica f．atropurpurea)、红碧桃(P．persica f．rubro-plena)、白碧桃(P．persica f．albo-plena)、红寿星桃(P．persica f．rubro-densa)、白寿星桃(P．persica f．albo-densa)计17份种质,进行花粉生活力测定研究。统计结果表明：供试梅(桃)属观赏树种中,种(变种)间花粉生活力存在显著性差异,桃种若干栽培变型间也大都存在显著性差异。琼脂培养基pH处理(5．4,5．8,6．2)间具显著性差异,且以pH5．8为最佳;琼脂培养基蔗糖处理(质量分数10％,15％)间无显著性差异。     

桃钙调磷酸酶B类似蛋白互作蛋白激酶基因家族鉴定与分析

钙调磷酸酶B类似蛋白互作蛋白激酶(CIPKs)在植物生长发育和抗逆过程中发挥着重要作用。为了对桃中CIPK家族基因进行系统分析,利用桃基因组数据库,通过生物信息学手段,鉴定桃CIPK家族基因的基因结构、染色体定位和编码蛋白,通过序列比对进行进化和分类分析。结果表明,桃基因组中含有18个CIPK基因,分布于桃的6条染色体上。MEME和Pfam保守结构域分析显示,桃CIPK蛋白均含有2个保守的PKinase和NAF结构域。进化树分析表明CIPKs可分为2个亚家族。Net Phos 2.0 Server结果显示Pp CIPKs存在着大量的丝氨酸(Ser)、苏氨酸(Thr)及酪氨酸(Tyr)潜在磷酸化位点。以上结果将为今后揭示桃CIPK蛋白的功能提供重要的理论基础。     

９９份国际玉米小麦改良中心引进玉米品种在绵阳生态区的表现

对从国际玉米小麦改良中心引进的３组共９９个玉米品种在绵阳进行了农艺性状的鉴定和品种评价，结果表明部分品种表现出较强的光敏感性，多数品种表现晚熟、植株和穗位均偏高，产量低，不易在生产上直接应用。但引进品种表现出一些特殊的优良性状，在育种上有潜在的利用价值。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to