城际铁路变宽度连续箱梁桥的动力特性

研究了变宽度连续箱梁桥在成桥状态下的动力特性.以某五跨变宽度连续箱梁桥为背景,建立整桥三维空间有限元模型,对大桥的模态进行分析,并选用50年超越概率分别为3%(E1)和10%(E2)两个水准的反应谱进行成桥阶段的地震响应分析.结果表明:E1,E2概率下,变宽度连续箱梁桥制动墩上的内力较大,且顺桥向地震荷载作用对制动墩的内力影响比横桥向地震荷载作用大,竖向地震荷载作用对桥墩轴力影响较大,而对桥梁上部结构位移影响不大,变宽度连续箱梁桥地震反应随桥墩高度增加而增强.建议桥梁设计时,重点考虑固定墩及固定支座的设计,并对固定墩底部进行加固处理,抗震分析时,慎重考虑地震荷载竖向分量取值.通过地震反应谱分析,在规范要求的地震荷载作用下,变宽度连续箱梁桥整体抗震性能良好,满足抗震设计要求.     

大型储液罐的地震反应分析

近年来地震频发,大型储液罐的抗震安全性则显得尤为重要.针对大型储液罐的地震反应进行了研究,首先建立了大型储液罐的有限元模型,然后对该模型进行模态分析得到大型储液罐的动力特性,最后通过地震激励得到大型储液罐的地震反应.通过结果分析表明,对于不考虑流固耦合的储液罐来说,不会出现"象足"失稳现象.研究为大型储液罐的抗震设计和抗震性能的研究提供了参考.     

格构拱结构动力响应评估的改进模态推覆分析法

静力推覆分析方法广泛应用于多高层结构在水平地震作用下的抗震性能评估,但将此方法直接应用于竖向地震作用下结构水平和竖向变形耦合显著的大跨度格构拱结构时,计算精度较差.引入结构静力稳定分析的特征刚度参数,提出了一种改进的模态推覆分析(IMPA)方法,通过第一阶段的模态推覆分析建立基于特征刚度的等效单自由度(ESDOF)体系;将各阶ESDOF的动力时程按振型组合进行第二阶段推覆分析,推导出推覆荷载公式;通过两阶段的推覆分析求解结构整体的动力响应.采用IMPA方法对某大跨度格构拱结构分别在硬土和软土场地若干条竖向地震波激励下的动力响应进行分析,与时程分析方法进行对比,计算结果表明:节点竖向位移和单元最不利应力的变化趋势基本一致,平均误差分别为10.5%和33.2%,计算耗时仅约为时程分析法的25%;随着竖向振型截取阶数的增加,IMPA方法的计算精度也相应提高.     

消能减震钢结构在竖向地震作用下的抗震性能分析

通过对某7层钢结构及其增设粘滞阻尼器结构进行数值分析,可得在竖向罕遇地震作用下粘滞阻尼器对钢结构有着显著的消能减震作用.较原钢结构,增设粘滞阻尼器钢结构的楼层位移有着11.3%的降幅,楼层层间位移降幅最大达16.4%,说明对于钢结构在实际工程设计中,其抗震性能的提高可以通过增设粘滞阻尼器来实现.     

错位转换层位置对结构受力性能影响的研究(英文)

作为一种新型转换层结构--错位转换层结构,其竖向位置的变化对高层结构在水平地震作用下的动力特性和抗震性能影响的研究尚鲜有文献报道.文章采用有限元(FEM)程序对高层错位转换结构进行了水平地震作用下抗震性能分析.分析研究发现,错位转换层整体位置的竖向变化对结构周期、主要振型和相对位移影响小.当错位转换层位于较高楼层位置时,转换层附近的层间位移角的突变程度会加大.对错位转换高层结构,水平地震作用下两错位转换层附近楼层竖向构件内力会呈现突变,因此,设计具体结构时应引起注意.     

地震作用下RC框架结构抗连续倒塌数值分析

为研究地震作用下钢筋混凝土框架结构的抗连续倒塌性能,基于OpenSees非线性有限元分析平台,选用包含远场、近场及人工地震波在内的8条地震波,采用增量动力分析方法,对一榀移除中柱的试验框架结构在地震作用下的抗连续倒塌性能进行了分析,结果表明,在所选水平与竖直方向地震波共同作用下,所分析的试验框架结构在8度罕遇地震作用下未发生倒塌,具有充足的抗连续倒塌能力及较好的抗震性能.竖向地震作用会明显加剧损伤结构的竖向连续倒塌风险,水平地震作用也会减弱损伤结构的抗倒塌能力.     

异型钢结构主塔斜拉桥的动力特性及地震响应分析

研究了某异型钢结构主塔斜拉桥的动力特性及地震响应.结合涡河三桥水滴形钢结构主塔斜拉桥的工程设计实例,采用大型有限元程序ANSYS建立整桥的等效梁索计算模型,研究了整桥的自振动力特性.选用ELCentro地震波输入,采用时程分析法对主塔进行了地震响应分析.结果表明:主梁、主塔的横桥向抗弯刚度较顺桥向小,主塔竖向刚度较大;在三向地震波激励下主塔的横桥向、顺桥向、竖向位移以及钢-混结合处的弯矩均能满足要求.研究结果为其抗震设计与施工提供了参考.     

浅析钢结构抗震设计

今年来地震频发,做好结构的抗震设计尤为重要,对于钢结构而言构抗震设计是钢结构设计的关键一环,本文根据笔者从事钢结构抗震设计工作的经验,从钢结构抗震体系、钢结构的破坏部位入手,阐述了如何做好钢结构的抗震设计.     

基于改进模态推覆法的导管架平台弹塑性抗震性能

针对强震下海洋导管架平台的弹塑性失效问题,提出一种基于性能设计的海洋导管架平台改进模态推覆抗震分析法,获得强震下平台结构的弹塑性抗震性能及其失效模式,解决强震下海洋导管架平台的弹塑性抗震性能评估难题.通过对比分析设防和罕遇烈度8度地震下平台结构弹塑性地震响应的差异性,探讨平台结构的参振振型、振型形状向量以及地震动不确定性对平台结构弹塑性抗震性能的影响.研究结果表明:高阶振型和振型形状向量对导管架平台弹塑性抗震性能的影响较大,需考虑前9阶或9阶以上的模态振型及振型形状向量变化的影响;设防和罕遇烈度8度地震下,平台结构弹塑性抗震薄弱环节均位于导管架顶部,需重点关注;具有相同峰值加速度的不同地震时程下的平台结构地震响应表现出明显的离散性和差异性,建议采用改进模态推覆法评估强震下平台结构弹塑性抗震性能.     

消能摇摆钢桁架框架结构抗震性能

为研究消能摇摆钢桁架-框架结构的抗震性能,使用OpenSees有限元软件对框架结构、支撑-框架结构、摇摆钢桁架-框架结构、消能摇摆钢桁架-框架结构进行模态分析、静力弹塑性分析和动力弹塑性分析,讨论了4种结构的刚度特征、动力响应及损伤分布.此外,建立4种具有不同柱脚形式和阻尼器类型的对比结构,用以研究柱脚形式和阻尼器类型对于结构抗震性能的影响.研究表明,消能摇摆钢桁架-框架结构具有良好的抗震性能;位移型阻尼器能够提高结构刚度和承载力、减震性能更优越,速度型阻尼器可以降低地震作用;底层框架柱脚采用铰接,可以降低地震作用,并减小底层框架柱的塑性损伤.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the