双异戊烯基黄酮分子的光谱和热力学性质研究

使用密度泛函理论B3LYP方法,对两种双异戊烯基黄酮1R和2分子的几何结构、光谱、热力学性质进行理论计算研究,并基于Tomasi极化统一场模型(PCM)讨论溶剂效应.结果显示,1R和2分子在气相中的最低能量吸收波长分别为325.6和361.9nm,溶剂及其极性大小对1R和2分子的最低能量吸收波长影响很小.298K标准压力下,1R和2分子的气态标准摩尔热力学性质ΔfHθm分别为3455.51kJ/mol和3691.26kJ/mol,ΔfGθm分别为4028.23和4282.98kJ/mol,Sθm分别为834.90和834.97J/mol/K.     

水溶液中氯仿的热力学性质的测定

本文把化学平衡的原理应用于相平衡,利用对氯仿的亨利常数及温度对亨利常数的影响的测定可以算出平衡常数Kθ,用Kθ算出ΔgaqGθm,用ΔgaqGθm算出ΔfGθm(CHCl3,aq,298K),用[(e)(ΔgaqGθm)/((e)T)]p=-ΔgaqSθm算出ΔgaqSθm(298K),最后算出Sθm(CHCl3,aq,298K)、ΔfHθm(CHCl3,aq,298K).亨利常数是利用顶空色谱法测定的,是利用顶空色谱峰面积的倒数与气液比之间的线性关系测定了不同温度下氯仿的亨利常数值.     

多氯苊化合物分子结构和热力学性质的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论方法,在B3LYP/6-311G**水平上对35个多氯苊化合物的分子几何结构进行了全优化计算,并获得它们在理想气体状态的一些热力学性质参数,研究了这些性质与氯原子数目和位置的关系,根据多氯苊化合物的相对标准生成Gibbs自由能的大小,得到它们的热力学稳定性顺序.结果表明:所有多氯苊分子中除4个氢原子以外的其他原子都在同一平面上.多氯苊最稳定异构体的ΔfHθ及ΔfGθ随Cl原子数目增加而发生的变化与最不稳定异构体不同.具有相同数目氯原子的多氯苊异构体的ΔfHθ和ΔfGθ与氯原子的取代位置有很大的关系,其相对热力学稳定性主要由分子内的处在不同六元环上的邻近Cl…Cl核排斥作用决定.     

原子特征参数δ_i~′和连接性指数~mL及其应用

原子特征参数 (δ′i)被定义为 :δ′i =Zi·Xpi2 · (ni- 1) - 1.由δ′i 建构无机分子的连接性指数 ( mL) ,其中 :0 L =Σ(δi′) 0 .5,1L =Σ(δi′·δj′) 0 .5.( 0 L) 2 与 33种过渡元素卤化物的ΔfH 的 R 为 0 .9692 ,( 1L) 0 .5与 2 0种碱金属卤化物的ln( 1/ U)的R 为 0 .994 8,均优于文献方法     

原子特征参数δi′和连接性指数mL及其应用

原子特征参数 (δ′i)被定义为 :δ′i =Zi·Xpi2 · (ni- 1) - 1.由δ′i 建构无机分子的连接性指数 ( mL) ,其中 :0 L =Σ(δi′) 0 .5,1L =Σ(δi′·δj′) 0 .5.( 0 L) 2 与 33种过渡元素卤化物的ΔfH 的 R 为 0 .9692 ,( 1L) 0 .5与 2 0种碱金属卤化物的ln( 1/ U)的R 为 0 .994 8,均优于文献方法     

拓扑指数mP在预测无机物理化性质中的应用

受Randic分子连接性拓扑指数mX的启发,构建了拓扑指数mP.用mP的0和1阶指数分别与20种碱金属卤化物的生成焓ΔfH(○-)m、离子水化能ΔhG(○-)m、晶格能U1、气态碱金属卤化物核间距R0,20种碱土金属卤化物的晶格能U2,51种金属离子水合焓ΔhH(○-)m和80种离子标准生成焓ΔfH(○-)m关联,拟合的回归方程的相关系(指)数为0.975 3(0.983 4)、0.976 1(0.981 6)、0.996 4(0.998 6)、0.996 7(0.996 7)、0.978 9(0.989 0)、0.990 1和0.980 5,满足优级或良级标准.预测取得较好的结果.     

水溶液中氯仿的热力学性质的测定

本文把化学平衡的原理应用于相平衡,利用对氯仿的亨利常数及温度对亨利常数的影响的测定可以算出平衡常数Kθ,用Kθ算出ΔagqGθm,用ΔagqGθm算出ΔfGθm(CHCl3,aq,298K),用[(ΔTagqGθm]p=-ΔagqSθm算出ΔagqSθm(298K),最后算出Smθ(CHCl3,aq,298K)、ΔfHθm(CHCl3,aq,298K)。亨利常数是利用顶空色谱法测定的,是利用顶空色谱峰面积的倒数与气液比之间的线性关系测定了不同温度下氯仿的亨利常数值。     

UO分子结构与势能函数及基态分子热力学性质

在U的相对论有效原子实势近似和O原子6 311G 全电子基函数下,用密度泛函B3LYP方法计算得到UO分子的结构与势能函数、力常数与光谱数据.同时计算得到UO基态X7∑分子在298K时的标准生成热力学函数ΔfH0、ΔS0和ΔfG0,分别为490.432kJ/mol,106.204J/mol·K和458.768kJ/mol.     

一个用于预测稀土化合物标准生成焓的新结构参数

提出了一个新的原子参数 Hi 和分子结构参数H .H和 84种稀土化合物的标准生成焓有良好的线性相关性 ,运用最小二乘法建立回归方程 -ΔfHθm =1 5 5 .83 +1 0 4 1 .6 6H ,相关系数为 0 .979,在α =0 .0 1下通过F检验 .结果表明 ,H能够用于预测化合物的性质     

改进的价连性指数用于烃衍生物标准生成焓的研究

对分子价连接性拓扑指数中杂原子价点价δνi 进行了改进 ,重新定义了一个价点价δhi。并用δhi 构建的新价连接性拓扑指数nχh(n =0 ,1,2 ,3,… ,n)中 0价、1价、2价连接性拓扑指数研究了烃衍生物标准生成焓 -ΔfHm(g) 与其之间的相关性 ,相关系数均在 0 .99以上。δhi 和nχh具有物理意义明确、计算简便等优点     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.