主体教育:“三方辩论”课堂教学模式

主体教育是以尊重学生在受教育过程中的主体地位为特征,以培养和发展学生的主体意识和主体能力,塑造学生的主体精神和人格己任,进而促进学生全面发展的一种新兴教育思想和教育方式。"三方辩论"作为主体教育的一种特殊形式,其创新之处在于允许中立方存在,其价值在于培养并建立起学生自我学习的动力机制,变"要我学"为"我要学"。     

农村中学英语课堂教学改革实验研究

农村中学课堂教学改革是目前农村中学研究的课题之一。现代课堂教学要求把旧的教学模式——被动接受变为学生主动参与,自主学习的教学模式。英语课中如何激发学生主动参与教学,给予学生自我发展的空间与机会,变“要我学”为“我要学”,变“要我做”为“我要做”,变“学会”为“会学”,最终达到提高学生综合能力的目的,是教师在教学中应该探讨解决的问题,特别是农村中学教师面临的一个严峻问题。     

程序设计课程中对学生创造性思维能力的培养

程序设计课程逐渐成为大学教育的基础课程,讲好程序设计课程,首先要注重对学生创造性思维能力的培养,变要我学为我要学,充分发挥学生的主观能动性,使学生对程序设计有信心。教师要调整教学方式方法,营造自由宽松的学习氛围。     

浅谈学生数学能力的培养

在数学教学中,教师要不断注重学生数学能力的培养,培养学生合作学习、探究学习等综合学习方法,转变学生的学习态度,变"要我学"为"我要学"养成良好的学习习惯,培养学生对学习的责任心和终身学习的能力。     

新课程理念下数学课堂方式的转变

在新课程理念下,培养学生主动学习、自主学习、合作探究和应用能力,是数学课堂教学中的一个热点问题。数学在教学中,要变＂要我学＂为＂我要学＂,变＂权威教学＂为＂共同探讨＂,变＂书本教学＂为＂生活教学＂,变＂教教材＂为＂用教材＂,变＂被动训练＂为＂自主探究＂,变＂单一媒体＂为＂多种媒体＂,让学生真正成为学习的主体。     

谈以学生为主体的历史学习方式

学生为主体的历史学习方式,强调的是引导学生主动参与教学过程,培养学生的参与意识和自主学习的能力,促使学生由"要我学"向"我要学"转化,由学会知识向学会学习转化.     

发挥学生主体作用,培养学生综合素质

为了克服＂满堂灌＂,提高教学效果,培养＂实用型＂人才,探讨在《病理学》教学中培养学生综合素质的方法,通过对二十多年病理教学实践的反思,笔者认为目标教学与传统教学不同,其关键是要树立＂教为主导,学为主体,练为主线＂的教学思想,变学生被动接受知识为主动学习知识,变＂要我学＂为＂我要学＂。在目标教学中作者常采用的＂学导法＂能够起到积极作用,真正体现学生在学习中的主体地位,在学生预习、课堂教学、指导学习方法和教学结果评价中都能充分发挥学生的主体作用,有利于学生智能的培养,效果明显,深受学生欢迎。     

学生为主体的教学模式构建与实践——以涉农专业微生物学课程为例

微生物学作为涉农专业重要的基础课程,其课程教学的效果对学生自我知识体系的构建有着不可或缺的作用,但在实际的教学过程中存在诸如教学方法单调、内容多、课时少等困境。有鉴于此,尝试通过以“线上资源预学+线下课堂教学+小组讨论”相结合的授课方式,构建以学生为主体教学模式的实践路径,旨在强化学生的实践综合能力和科研逻辑的培养;引入学习全过程考核评价机制,培养学生主动提出问题、思考问题和解决问题的实践本领与主动意识,使学生从“要我学”转变为“我要学”,以便为新时代新农科应用型人才培养提供可行的参考路径。     

浅谈新课程理论下的数学教学方法

长期以来,许多学校的课堂教学存在一个严重问题,即只注重教师与学生之间的"教"与"学",而忽视了学生与学生之间的交流和学习,从而导致学生自主学习空间萎缩。表现为:教师权威高于一切,对学生要求太严太死;课堂气氛紧张、沉闷,缺乏应有的活力;形成了教师教多少,学生学多少,教师"主讲",学生"主听"的单一教学模式。违背了"教为主导、学为主体"的原则。长此以往,学生在学习上依赖性增强,缺乏独立思考问题和解决问题的能力,最终导致厌学情绪,致使学习效率普遍降低。因此,要充分发挥学生的主体作用,就必须做到:(1)创设情境,鼓励学生主动参与,在亲历数学建构过程中培养学生的创新意识。(2)鼓励学生合作交流。     

论课堂教学如何确保学生的地位

为了确实地贯彻素质教育,充分挖掘学生的潜能,应逐渐把"以学生为主体的教学模式"替代"以教师为中心的讲授教学模式".如何有效地实施"以学生为主体的教学模式"首先教师自身的思想观念要得以转变,以"教"为重心转移到以"学"为重心.充分调动学生的学习积极性,使课堂的"一言堂"变为"群言堂".其次,必须使学生的思想观念得以转变,在学习上变被动为主动,在教师的引导下应该认识到自己的主体地位,学会主动学习,学会交流,学会合作,使自己的能力得以施展,从而达到提高"素质"这一目标.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to