镀锌层三价铬与六价铬钝化膜的性能

为了以三价铬替代镀锌层钝化溶液中的六价铬,实现镀锌工艺的清洁生产,利用中性盐雾实验(NSS)、Tafel曲线和扫描电镜对镀锌层三价铬和六价铬钝化膜的耐腐蚀性能、电化学行为、耐高温性能和表面结构进行了比较研究.NSS实验结果表明,三价铬钝化膜的耐腐蚀性能高于六价铬钝化膜,NSS时间可达84 h;Tafel曲线表明,三价铬钝化膜的腐蚀速率低于六价铬钝化膜,耐高温性能则高于六价铬钝化膜;SEM照片显示,三价铬钝化膜的表面形貌为致密结构,高温处理后膜层变化不大,而六价铬钝化膜表面为疏松的网状结构.     

超音速电弧喷涂涂层耐蚀性的电化学测试及组织分析

利用超音速电弧喷涂设备在钢板基体表面分别喷涂Al,Zn和316不锈钢(0crNi12Mo2)3种涂层后,通过采用CHI660B电化学工作站,测试3种材料在60%H2SO4溶液中的稳态极化曲线和Tafel斜率,并利用金相显微镜进行腐蚀前后的组织分析.结果表明:3种喷涂材料中只有316不锈钢能明显提高基体的抗腐蚀能力,适合用于防腐蚀喷涂.     

304和316L不锈钢的高温电化学腐蚀行为

通过模拟压水堆一回路水环境,研究了溶液温度和溶氧量(DO)对304和316L不锈钢高温电化学腐蚀行为的影响.结果表明:随着溶液温度升高,在304和316L不锈钢表面所形成的氧化膜的保护性能降低;随着DO升高,304和316L不锈钢的自腐蚀电位升高,自腐蚀电流密度降低,钝化区缩小;304和316L不锈钢表面形成了双层氧化膜,外层氧化膜颗粒尺寸和颗粒间隙随着温度的升高而增大,随着DO增加而减小;在所用实验条件下,316L不锈钢表现出比304更优异的抗腐蚀性能.     

铜铝异种金属钎焊接头的电化学腐蚀性能研究

通过电化学Tafel曲线的测试,在室温3．5％氧化钠溶液中,对铜铝异种金属钎焊接头的电化学腐蚀性能进行了研究。结果表明：在钎焊过程中,施加一定压力,在一定的保温温度下,延长保温时问,可以提高接头的耐腐蚀性能。     

化学镀非晶态Ni-P及Ni-Sn-P镀层在弱酸性介质中耐蚀性研究

以紫铜为基体,采用化学镀制备了非晶态Ni-P,Ni-Sn-P镀层.采用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线能谱(EDS)等对镀层的结构、微观形貌及元素组成进行分析.通过Tafel极化曲线、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)、开路电位监测及室内加速腐蚀试验,研究两种镀层在pH=5.5,w_(NaCl)=3.5%,以及pH=5.5,wS=20%的土壤介质中的耐蚀性能.结果表明,化学镀非晶态Ni-P及Ni-Sn-P镀层的自腐蚀电流密度是裸铜的4.5%和1.2%,两种镀层在酸性腐蚀介质中具有比金属铜更好的耐蚀性,并且化学镀Ni-Sn-P镀层耐蚀性优于Ni-P镀层.两种镀层的自腐蚀电位均负于铜.     

Effects of chromium on the corrosion and electrochemical behaviors of ultra high strength steels

The effects of chromium on the corrosion and the electrochemical behaviors of ultra high strength steels were studied by the salt spray test and electrochemical methods. The results show that ultra high strength steels remain martensite structures and have anodic dissolution characteristic with an increase of chromium content. There is no typical passive region on the polarization curves of an ultra high strength stainless steel, AerMet 100 steel, and 300M steel. However, chromium improves the corrosion resistance of the stainless steel remarkably. It has the slowest corrosion rate in the salt spray test, one order of magnitude less than that of AerMet 100 and 300M steels. With the increase of chromium content, the polarization resistance becomes larger, the corrosion potential shifts towards the positive direction with a value of 545 mV, and the corrosion current density decreases in electrochemical measures in 3.5wt% NaCl solutions. Because of the higher content of chromium, the ultra high strength stainless steel has a better corrosion resistance than AerMet 100 and 300M steels.     

Effects of environmental factors on corrosion behaviors of metal-fiber porous components in a simulated direct methanol fuel cell environment

To enable the use of metallic components in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs), issues related to corrosion resistance must be considered because of an acid environment induced by the solid electrolyte. In this study, we report the electrochemical behaviors of metal-fiber-based porous sintered components in a simulated corrosive environment of DMFCs. Three materials were evaluated: pure copper, AISI304, and AISI316L. The environmental factors and related mechanisms affecting the corrosion behaviors were analyzed. The results demonstrated that AISI316L exhibits the best performance. A higher SO₄2- concentration increases the risk of material corrosion, whereas an increase in methanol concentration inhibits corrosion. The morphological features of the corroded samples were also characterized in this study.     

Glass-forming ability,microhardness, corrosion resistance,and dealloying treatment of Mg60?xCu40Ndx alloy ribbons

The influence of Nd addition on the glass-forming ability (GFA), microhardness, and corrosion resistance of Mg60?xCu40Ndx (x = 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25, at%) alloys were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, Vickers-type hardness tests, and electrochemical me-thods. The results suggest that the GFA and microhardness of the amorphous alloys increase until the Nd content reaches 20at%. The corro-sion potential and corrosion current density obtained from the Tafel curves indicate that the Mg35Cu40Nd25 ternary alloy exhibits the best corrosion resistance among the investigated alloys. Notably, nanoporous copper (NPC) was synthesized through a single-step dealloying of Mg60?xCu40Ndx (x = 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25) ternary alloys in 0.04 mol·L?1 H2SO4 solution under free corrosion conditions. The influence of dealloying process parameters, such as dealloying time and temperature, on the microstructure of the ribbons was also studied using the sur-face diffusivity theory. The formation mechanism of dealloyed samples with a multilayered structure was also discussed.     

Properties of passive film formed on 316L/2205 stainless steel by Mott-Schottky theory and constant current polarization method

Semiconductor properties of the passive films formed on 316L and 2205 stainless steel were studied by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy(EIS) in the high-temperature acetic acid.The results showed that the corrosion resistance of 2205 was higher than that of 316L,and the passive films formed on 316L and 2205 stainless steel showed p-type and n-type semiconductor behavior,respectively.Destruction and self-repairing of passive films were studied by using the constant current polarization method.The result...     

Pitting corrosion and crevice corrosion behaviors of high nitrogen austenitic stainless steels

Pitting corrosion and crevice corrosion behaviors of high nitrogen austenitic stainless steels (HNSS) were investigated by electrochemical and immersion testing methods in chloride solution, respectively. The chemical constitution and composition in the depth of passive films formed on HNSS were analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectrum (XPS). HNSS has excellent pitting and crevice corrosion resistance compared to 316L stainless steel. With increasing the nitrogen content in steels, pitting potentials and critical pitting temperature (CPT) increase, and the maximum, average pit depths and average weight loss decrease. The CPT of HNSS is correlated with the alloying element content through the measure of alloying for resistance to corrosion (MARC). The MARC can be expressed as an equation of CPT=2.55MARC-29. XPS results show that HNSS exhibiting excellent corrosion resistance is attributed to the enrichment of nitrogen on the surface of passive films, which forms ammonium ions increasing the local pH value and facilitating repassivation, and the synergistic effects of molybdenum and nitrogen.     

冷轧钢表面硅烷膜的制备及耐蚀性能研究

文章采用浸涂技术,在不同方式预处理的冷轧钢板(CRS)表面制备γ-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷膜,通过电化学方法和SEM研究硅烷膜在质量分数为3.5%NaCl溶液中的耐蚀性能及冷轧钢腐蚀前后的形貌变化。结果表明,浸涂前分别采用质量分数均为0.10%CeCl3溶液和NaOH溶液(特别是CeCl3溶液)对冷轧钢表面进行成膜前预处理,均有利于冷轧钢表面形成均匀致密的硅烷膜,使冷轧钢在3.5%NaCl溶液中的腐蚀电流密度明显降低,腐蚀反应的极化电阻明显增大,耐蚀性能明显提高。经SEM测试表明,腐蚀前后冷轧钢表面硅烷膜的形貌几乎不变。     

316L不锈钢应力腐蚀研究进展

316L不锈钢具备良好的力学性能、焊接性能、耐蚀性能，被广泛应用于化工管道、船舶及核电等领域。因其应用环境复杂，316L不锈钢在特定介质环境和拉应力的协同作用下，易发生应力腐蚀开裂，导致严重事故。概述了316L不锈钢应力腐蚀裂纹萌生及扩展的规律，总结了其应力腐蚀的阳极溶解和氢致开裂两种微观主导机制的特点。在此基础上，针对介质环境、材料、表面应力状态3个影响因素，综述了近年来通过调节介质环境的pH、溶液浓度、引入压应力、优化微观结构及涂层工艺等方面，改善316L不锈钢应力腐蚀性能的研究进展。最后，基于316L不锈钢面临的应力腐蚀问题，从应力腐蚀机制和防护措施两方面展望了316L不锈钢应力腐蚀的研究热点和方向。     

2-硫代四氢咪唑酮的合成及其对碳钢缓蚀性能测试

用乙二胺和二硫化碳合成2-硫代四氢咪唑酮并通过红外谱图对其进行结构表征,再用静态挂片法研究不同浓度的2-硫代四氢咪唑酮在0.0807m o l/L HC l溶液中对N 80低碳钢的缓蚀性能;同时用N 80钢片的腐蚀速率求出2-硫代四氢咪唑酮的缓蚀效率.然后用电化学极化曲线法和交流阻抗法测得不同浓度的2-硫代四氢咪唑酮在0.0807m o l/L HC l溶液中对N 80钢片的T afel曲线和E IS谱对其进行分析,初步探讨了2-硫代四氢咪唑酮在0.0807m o l/L HC l溶液中对钢片的缓蚀机理,分析可能是在N 80钢片表面形成一层吸附膜。     

钝化预处理对316L不锈钢在漂液中电化学腐蚀性能的影响

采用电化学测试、SEM分析等方法,研究了316 L不锈钢在质量分数为30%的浓硝酸溶液及98%硫酸+20 g/L硝酸钾混合液两种钝化剂预处理后的特性,以及在ClO2漂液中的电化学抗腐蚀性能。结果表明,316 L不锈钢在25℃、30%硝酸介质中处理30 min时抗点蚀能力ΔE可达到773 mV,钝化效果较好。EIS图谱表明:316 L不锈钢在ClO2漂液中具有双容抗弧特征,钝化处理容抗弧半径较未钝化的增大,处理后的316 L不锈钢在60℃出现了Warburg阻抗;钝化膜的外层电阻和内层电阻均比未钝化的大。经钝化处理后的316 L不锈钢在ClO2漂液中的受腐蚀速率较未钝化的降低近一半,与钛材相比耐蚀性较差,但能在一定条件下起到减缓腐蚀的作用。     

AISI316L奥氏体不锈钢在摸拟人体组织液中腐蚀疲劳裂纹萌生的初步研究

AISI316L奥氏体不锈钢是较常用的金属植入材料之一.但在临床应用中,由它制成的植入物特别是全髋关节,常因腐蚀疲劳破断而失效.本文对316L不锈钢在Hank’s溶液中的腐蚀疲劳裂纹萌生机理进行了初步研究.结果发现,在Hank’s溶液中,自然钝化的316L不锈钢在稳定钝化态下,裂纹的萌生是由交变应力引起的微观塑性变形和Hank’s溶液交互作用的结果;在有点蚀产生的非钝化态下,裂纹的萌生是点蚀和腐蚀疲劳相叠加的结果.316L不锈钢经离子氮化表面处理后,提高了在Hank’s溶液中的抗点蚀能力,但在外加腐蚀电位的苛刻条件下,困氮化层发生晶间腐蚀和脱落而加速了裂纹的萌生     

常温时添加剂对Ce-Mn转化膜的影响

为了提高常温下Ce-Mn转化膜在铝合金表面的成膜速度和耐腐蚀性能,在室温、pH=2的Ce(NO3)3和KMnO4的混合溶液中分别添加H3BO3、Zr(SO4)2、NaF、HF、NaBF4和Na2ZrF66种添加剂,研究添加剂对Ce-Mn转化膜的影响.通过光学显微镜、涡流测厚仪、点滴腐蚀法、Tafel极化曲线和交流阻抗等研究了膜的金相组织、厚度及耐腐蚀性能等;同时,通过SEM和EDS研究了氟化钠对膜的形貌和成分的影响.结果表明:氟化钠是较佳的常温成膜促进剂,常温下9 min就能成膜,相对于无添加剂的Ce-Mn转化膜,膜厚增加2.3倍,耐点滴腐蚀时间延长2.0倍,腐蚀电流密度降低至原来的1/3,膜电阻提高3.9倍:添加NaF后膜的铈含量从5.14%提高到8.59%,锰含量从7.70%提高到14.42%.     

奥氏体不锈钢焊接接头抗腐蚀性能研究

研究了不同焊接工艺对SUS316奥氏体不锈钢焊接接头的抗腐蚀性能。分别采用了钨极氩弧焊（TIG）、熔化极钨极氩弧焊（MIG）和钨极氩弧焊加填丝（TIG＋M）的方法焊接SUS316奥氏体不锈钢，焊接材料选用超低碳高铬镍焊丝H0Cr19Ni12Mo2。利用金相显微镜、晶间腐蚀实验和电化学腐蚀等的测试分析方法，对不同焊接工艺条件下的化学成分、显微组织和抗腐蚀性能进行了分析研究。结果表明，焊缝区抗晶间腐蚀性能依次为母材〉TIG＋M〉MIG〉TIG，焊缝区在硫酸溶液中的抗电压学腐蚀性能依次为；TIG＋M〉MIG〉TIG。     

液固流动相中不锈钢耐颗粒冲刷腐蚀性能研究

采用自制的旋转冲刷腐蚀失重装置，研究了湿法磷酸中固体颗粒的性质，如固含量，粒径等环境参数对不锈钢316L和904L冲刷腐蚀速率的影响，并在扫描电镜下观察了不锈钢腐蚀的形貌，试验结果表明，CaSO4结晶颗粒固含量质量分数由10％增加到50％时，冲刷腐蚀速率有所增大，316L不锈钢主要以腐蚀为主，且表现为晶间腐蚀，当浆体中含有SiO2固体颗粒时，液相腐蚀性得到降低，虽然不锈钢904L耐液相腐蚀性能优良，但耐冲刷（磨损）性能较差，尤其当SiO2粒径增大时，冲刷腐蚀速率明显增大。     

小电流镀铜对阳极氧化AZ31镁合金耐蚀性的 影响

研究了小电流镀铜封孔对阳极氧化AZ31镁合金耐蚀性能的影响.AZ31镁合金阳极氧化后,在传统的镀铜液中进行阴极小电流处理.SEM、EDS和XRD分析结果表明,阴极小电流处理后,在阳极氧化膜的多孔层中发生了铜的沉积.在质量分数为3.5% NaCl水溶液中测试的极化曲线表明,AZ31镁合金阳极氧化后进行小电流镀铜处理,可以提高自腐蚀电位,降低自腐蚀电流密度,使耐蚀性能得到显著提高.