采样频率对强跟踪滤波器算法故障测距的误差影响

当输电线路发生故障时,要快速、准确、可靠地对故障进行定位,从而提出了一种基于强跟踪滤波器理论的故障测距方法.在搭建的模型中,基于强跟踪滤波器算法原理,不同的采样频率下,故障测距的误差是不同的,结果与解微分方程法测得结果接近,说明建立的测距模型是准确的.在PSCAD/EMTDC软件下,对强跟踪滤波算法进行仿真分析,仿真结果表明,该算法是一种简单的递推算法,原理简单,不需要求解复杂的数学方程,能更好、更快的消除噪声,使信号收敛快,实施性好,鲁棒性好.本文主要研究不同采样频率仿真下误差的不同,为基于强跟踪滤波器算法的电力系统故障测距装置提供了理论依据.     

输电线路阻抗测距法和单端行波测距法的对比仿真分析

简述了输电线路的故障测距算法,着重论述了阻抗法和单端行波法的测距原理．在ATPDraw环境下,建立了输电线路仿真模型,并在不同参数条件下和线路发生不同故障类型时,分别用阻抗法和单端行波法对线路故障距离进行仿真计算．仿真计算结果表明,单端行波法具有更高的测量精度和可靠性．     

利用高斯最小频移键控(GMSK)调制的遥测和测距技术

分析和仿真了一种利用GMSK调制方式同时传输遥测信号和伪码测距信号的技术。利用GMSK调制方式同时传输遥测信号和伪码测距信号,可以有效地提高频谱利用率。分析了方案中遥测信号和测距信号的各种解调算法,并说明了各种算法的实现途径。通过分析和仿真,得到了各种算法的遥测和测距性能及相应的测距精度。仿真结果表明,在设置的仿真条件下,方案的性能和测距精度能够达到工程需求。     

利用GMSK调制的遥测和测距技术

分析和仿真了一种利用GMSK调制方式同时传输遥测信号和伪码测距信号的技术。利用GMSK调制方式同时传输遥测信号和伪码测距信号,可以有效地提高频谱利用率。本文分析了方案中遥测信号和测距信号的各种解调算法,并说明了各种算法的实现途径。通过分析和仿真,得到了各种算法的遥测和测距性能及相应的测距精度。仿真结果表明,在设置的仿真条件下,方案的性能和测距精度能够达到工程需求。     

狼群算法优化BP神经网络的电缆故障测距算法

故障信号频率分量的提取精度与故障测距的精度有很大的关系.针对这一问题,采用向后预测Prony算法提取故障电压信号的固有频率作为样本,应用狼群算法优化BP神经网络的结构,并对其进行训练,改善了易产生多个局部极小值的缺陷,提高了网络的训练效率和收敛速度,使得测距更加精确.通过ATP/Matlab仿真结果表明,该算法具有良好的鲁棒性和精确性.     

非直接接地系统两相接地故障的单端测距

提出了一种输电线路中性点非直接接地系统双相对地故障的准确测距方法。该算法利用故障网络与零序网络建立故障测距模型,利用单端信号有效地消除了负荷潮流和故障接地电阻对故障测距精度的影响,并可以自动地确定故障线路。仿真结果表明,在接地故障情况下该算法具有准确有效的特点。     

基于改进型粒子群优化的节点自定位算法

为了提高测距误差影响下无线传感器网络节点自定位精度,提出一种基于距离的节点自定位新算法.对混沌搜索与粒子群优化进行算法融合,给出一种改进型粒子群优化算法,将其应用于节点自定位.新算法利用未知节点与信标节点之间的距离信息,通过改进型粒子群优化算法获取未知节点的位置.仿真结果表明,改进型粒子群优化算法对两种标准测试函数的搜索结果优于一般的粒子群优化算法.在测距误差和信标节点数量相同的条件下,相对于最小二乘估计法,新算法在各个测距误差级上的定位精度更高,其定位误差随测距误差增大而上升的趋势更缓慢.新算法具有更好的鲁棒性,适用于测距误差较大、信标节点数量较少的情况.     

基于GIE-DOL的地面网络化弹药自定位算法

为解决传统自定位算法在精度和复杂度上不能适应地面网络化弹药的问题,研究了三边测量法的影响因素. 推导误差公式,明确了误差由节点几何关系和测距误差共同影响. 提出几何影响因子和定位距离偏差描述其影响程度,并对信标节点组合进行评价和筛选,加权计算坐标. 仿真结果表明,该算法最小化了不利因素的影响,有效地提高了定位精度,对测距误差具有较好的鲁棒性,同时该算法在弹药节点分布密集和松散的条件下均有较好的效果.      

基于小波变换和行波法的电缆故障测距方法研究

本文采用搜索模极大值的方法,进而实现故障的精确测距。通过MATLAB仿真平台,建立了电力电缆故障系统的仿真模型,得出电缆故障波形图。不同位置的不同故障的仿真数据相对误差均小于4%,验证了该方法的可行性和准确性。同时提出并推导一种不包含波速 的测距公式,使得在计算故障距离从理论上摆脱了波速对测距结果的影响。     

基于分布参数模型的同杆双回输电线路故障测距

基于线路的分布参数模型,并且利用线路两端工频电气量和相模变换,提出了在模域中进行故障测距的算法.该算法不受系统阻抗和过渡电阻的影响,并且消除了双回线间耦合的影响,可用于单回线故障和跨线故障的测距.该算法原理简单,求解方便,仿真结果表明,算法具有较高的精度,最大测距误差小于0.5%,能够满足工程要求.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.