立式浮顶储罐地震响应分析

研究浮顶振动对立式储罐地震响应的影响时,假定浮顶运动为均质刚性圆板振动,运用储罐速度势理论给出了液体运动势函数、基底剪力、倾覆力矩公式,从薄板理论出发建立浮顶的弯矩表达。由Hamilton原理和虚功原理建立了浮顶储罐抗震体系的运动控制方程。采用时程分析方法对浮顶储罐进行地震响应分析,并与未考虑浮顶影响的储罐地震响应进行对比。数值结果表明,考虑浮顶作用具有降低地震响应的效果。     

橡胶垫基础隔震浮顶储罐的非线性地震响应研究

从浮顶参与地震响应的角度出发,采用Nagarajaiah模型模拟铅芯橡胶支座(LRB)的力-变形非线性行为,研究了铅芯橡胶支座隔震储罐的地震响应特征。分析了地震烈度、高径比以及场地条件对立式钢制浮顶储罐隔震与非隔震状态地震响应的影响。分析表明,不同工况下,隔震体系能够有效地降低储罐的倾覆力矩,减少基底剪力,满足结构控制。但对波高的控制效果并不明显。合理优化高径比,选择场地,可以得到理想的减震效果。     

大型浮放储罐三维地震动响应分析

以15×104 m3浮放储罐为例,应用ADINA有限元软件,采用弹簧单元模拟地基,在三维地震激励下分析储罐的地震动响应.结果表明,沿着罐壁的高度方向加速度具有放大效应,且场地越软储罐罐壁加速度放大响应越小;液体晃动波高越大,基底剪力越大.按照水平地震激励计算的液体晃动波高和基底剪力较三维地震动计算结果偏小,因此建议储罐设计时要考虑多维地震动的影响.     

晃动分量对储罐地震响应的影响研究

基于Haroun模型,考虑罐壁液固耦联及罐体的平动和转动,将储罐体系简化为三质点体系力学模型,罐内液体质量等效为对流质量、脉冲质量和刚性质量,通过时程分析法计算储罐的地震响应,并与不考虑液体晃动分量影响的两质点体系的地震响应进行对比,分析晃动质量对储罐抗震的影响。以系列储罐为例,分析两种体系不同场地储罐的地震响应。结果表明：通过两质点体系模型计算的基底剪力和基底弯矩与三质点体系的计算结果相差不大,实际工程中,可以按照两质点进行计算分析;按照三质点体系模型进行计算能够得出液体的晃动波高,利于分析液体晃动对浮顶产生的影响,因此在进行储罐抗震计算时,将储罐简化为考虑液体晃动分量的三质点体系力学模型便于分析晃动效应。     

大型立式石油储罐考虑桩土作用地震响应分析

目的研究大型立式石油储罐-桩-土体系的动力响应,对比桩土间相互作用对上部储罐结构的影响.方法利用有限元软件ADINA建立桩-土-储罐三维整体模型,输入包含长周期在内的7条基岩地震波进行地震响应分析.结果考虑桩土相互作用后,基底剪力、基底弯矩、动液压力、罐壁有效应力均减小,但波高有所放大,且罐壁轴向应力增大明显,最大为刚性地基时的3.71倍;考虑桩土效应后,长周期地震动下储液罐的晃动波高、基底剪力、基底弯矩等动力响应均大于普通地震动作用下的结果,其中波高增大较大,最大为7.46倍;低储液量(25%)时,动力响应有所区别,表现为考虑桩土相互作用后,基底弯矩增大,储罐底板发生翘起.结论建议储罐的抗震设计中应考虑桩土相互作用与长周期地震动对储罐的影响,并在储罐薄弱部位进行加固处理.     

不同类型场地对隔震储罐地震响应的影响

利用精度高的四阶龙格一库塔法求解橡胶基底隔震储罐的动力方程,探讨了场地因素对隔震储罐减震性能的影响,特别是对基底剪力、晃动波高、隔震支座位移3个重要响应参数的影响。研究表明：低隔震频率时储罐在4种场地上都取得良好隔震效果,场地越硬,减震效果越好,但有效隔震频率范围不一定越广。储罐减震效果提高需要付出隔震支座位移增大的代价。不同类型场地上储罐隔震后晃动波高都出现增大现象,I类场地上波高变化剧烈但幅度很小,IV类场地上波高变化幅度最大。合理的支座阻尼比可以起到降低基底剪力、晃动波高和支座位移的作用。除了第Ⅱ类场地,2000m^3罐减震效率高于50000m^3罐。在设计储罐隔震系统时,建议根据罐体高径比综合考虑参数响应的影响,优化配置隔震频率和阻尼比等设计参数。     

钢筋混凝土盒式多筒结构协同受力性能分析

为了研究钢筋混凝土正交斜放盒式多筒结构两侧网格框架筒与中间剪力墙筒在水平地震荷载作用下的协同工作性能。选取结构刚度特征值λ为参数,建立该新型结构有限元模型。采用MIDAS/building对三设防水准下该结构协同受力性能进行研究,包括结构剪力、倾覆力矩、分担率等分配规律等。结果表明新型结构协同工作性能较好,框架筒在底部剪力承担率较大,承担近一半底部弯矩;刚度特征值λ越大,框架筒承担剪力和弯矩越大,而对剪力墙承担弯矩影响较小,建议在框架筒底部楼层采取加强措施。     

某超限框架结构厂房动力弹塑性分析及改进

采用SAUSAGE软件对某超限钢筋混凝土框架结构工业厂房进行罕遇地震下的动力弹塑性分析,研究结构在罕遇地震作用下的层间位移、基底剪力、楼层剪力、倾覆力矩以及构件损伤。分析结果表明:该结构在罕遇地震作用下层间位移角超限,框架柱进入比较严重损坏状态,不能满足"大震不倒"的抗震性能目标。在有限元数值分析模型中,采取在工业厂房两端和错层等薄弱部位增设钢支撑等措施对结构进行改进,并进行了罕遇地震作用下的动力弹塑性分析。对比两次分析结果可以看出,改进后结构顶层最大位移减小48. 56%,最大层间位移角减小28.99%,框架柱由比较严重损坏状态减轻至中度损坏状态,实现建筑物在大震作用下不至于倒塌的目标。     

立式储罐橡胶隔震工程应用设计研究

针对立式储罐的工程应用,给出了立式储罐的隔震基础设计的构造及要求,并将储罐作为单质点体系,建立了与规范相对应的储罐抗震设计反应谱法.考虑隔震频率在一定范围内对储罐晃动波高有一定的影响,给出了隔震设计的波高修正系数.考虑反应谱阻尼比与实际阻尼比之间的差异,给出了阻尼修正方法.针对工程中常用的浮顶罐,进行了计算分析,并与文献[1]的结果进行了比较,表明所给出的结果能够满足工程要求.     

直击雷作用下浮顶储罐的电压分布

制作了大型浮顶储罐的等比例模型,研究了储罐模型浮顶在直击雷作用下,使用1根和6根铜编织带时储罐浮顶中心、浮顶边缘、罐壁及罐底各点对地电压分布情况,还使用有限元电场分析软件对储罐罐体以及浮顶上的电压分布进行了计算.结果表明,增加铜带数量可以有效降低浮盘和罐壁间的电位差,从而在一定程度上减少电火花的产生.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.