机器人人工嗅觉系统设计

利用半导体气体传感器的交叉敏特性,将气体传感器阵列与神经网络相结合,构建了一个用于临场感机器人的人工嗅觉系统,用于气体的定性识别.自组织神经网络(SOM)将被测气体的多维特征信息映射到一个二维平面上,从而实现了对被测气体的识别分类.实验结果表明半导体阵列人工嗅觉系统可以提高气体传感器的选择性,用SOM神经网络构建人工嗅觉识别模型是完全可行的.     

用于肉品特征挥发物快速检测的气体传感器响应特性研究

为了获得一种性能更优的气体传感器,用于肉品特征挥发物的快速检测,以恒电流法制备PANI/Au/Al2O3电极,并组装成电阻式丙酮气体传感器.在稳定性测试中,利用此传感器于1 189与23 ppm丙酮气体中进行连续感测,其电阻感测变化率(感测信号)从开始时的3.13%与0.74%,经10次测试后,信号分别下降为3.05%与0.72%.在气体选择性测试方面,当混入氧气或二氧化碳作为干扰气体时,丙酮感测灵敏度下降,但丙酮的浓度与传感器电阻变化率之间均具有良好的线性关系.然而此传感器对丙酮气体进行感测时受水分和氨气的干扰相当显著.最后提出了此传感器感测丙酮气体的机理.     

红外甲烷传感器与催化甲烷传感器性能比较研究

本文通过对采用红外技术设计的GJG4（A）红外甲烷传感器与采用催化元件设计市场主流甲烷传感器进行了井下实验对比的研究,得出利用红外技术原理设计甲烷测量传感器和传统催化元件设计的甲烷测量传感器具有响应时间快,反映灵敏,标校周期长,稳定性高,维护费用低的优点,成功解决了现有矿用瓦斯检测传感器存在响应速度慢,选择性差,测量精度低、受硫化氢气体的干扰大,高浓度瓦斯易造成中毒而无法恢复,使用寿命短,标定周期短的缺陷。     

煤矿用非色散红外甲烷传感器测量结果不确定度评定

矿用非色散红外甲烷传感器是近几年煤矿井下普遍使用的一种先进的气体检测仪器,具有检测精度高,响应时间快,检测范围宽,性能稳定,不受检测环境中其他气体的干扰,寿命长等特点.随着矿用非色散红外甲烷传感器在煤矿安全监控领域得到广泛的应用,对计量检定中的测量结果准确度提出了新的要求.本文根据JJG(皖)37-2012《非色散红外甲烷传感器检定规程》、JJF1059.1-2012《测量不确定度评定与表示》,详细介绍了煤矿用非色散红外甲烷传感器示值误差测量结果的不确定度评定方法.     

新型Al2O3基半导体陶瓷甲烷气体传感器

研制了一种新型气敏材料体系－Ａｌ２Ｏ３基半导体陶瓷材料体系,并用以制备了高性能的对甲烷敏感的气体传感器,这类新型高性能甲烷气体传感器具有工作温度低,气体选择性好,检测灵敏度与气体浓度呈近似线性关系,响应时间和恢复时间快等优点,可望进行工业规模生产。     

热扩散管反应器中甲烷转化反应的研究

为了实现甲烷的有效转化,使用热扩散管反应器进行了甲烷的脱氢偶联反应. 结果表明,C2至油状产物被生成. 实验表明,由于热扩散作用的存在,当甲烷由上向下通入垂直设置的反应管时,C2烃的选择性较高. 在碳棒温度1470K下甲烷转化率约为36%,C2选择性可达40%,其中乙炔和乙烯的摩尔分数在95%以上. 在添加氢气的(摩尔比:n(H2)/n(CH4)=1/2)情况下,C2选择性上升至68.3%,甲烷气体的转化率约为23%. 在碳棒温度1470K、甲烷由上向下通入反应器,反应器出口气体产物中氢气的摩尔分数在40%以上.     

基于ZigBee技术的瓦斯气体浓度红外探测警报系统

针对当前甲烷传感器技术普遍存在的问题,以及检测条件受环境因素制约大,甲烷浓度检测不标准,操作繁琐等状况,给出了一种基于红外吸收光谱技术来测量矿井内瓦斯气体浓度的设计方案和实现方法.采用依据气体分子红外选择性吸收理论的传感器,由差动放大电路将微弱信号放大,通过CC2530模块进行数据处理,并将数据无线传输到监控中心,最终实现瓦斯浓度超标后的报警功能.     

基于TDLAS一次谐波的甲烷浓度检测系统及其温度补偿研究

本文结合甲烷1 653.72 nm波长2v3带R3支气体吸收线,分析温度变化对甲烷吸收线的谱线特性及甲烷气体浓度测量产生的影响。基于可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱与波长调制光谱技术,应用一次谐波信号检测甲烷气体的浓度,通过温度补偿抑制环境温度变化给检测带来的干扰。实验结果表明,研制的甲烷浓度检测系统的性能稳定,利用温度补偿系数校准后系统测量偏差在1%以内,可以有效地提高系统的检测精度。     

基于压电式压力传感器的压力容器气密性检测方法

针对低压条件下压力容器气密性检测中存在的微小泄漏检测易受环境噪声干扰、漏点定位困难、对气体介质具有选择性等问题,提出一种基于压电式压力传感器的压力容器气密性移动式检测方法。利用压电式压力传感器检测压力容器漏孔处产生的气体射流,克服了检测仪器对气体介质的选择性;采用气密性移动检测方式,利用检测用传感器可以接近压力容器器壁外表面的特点和仪表的实时计算能力,克服了环境噪声对检测结果的干扰,同时又提高了气密性检测的灵敏度和漏点定位精度,实现了低压条件下微小泄漏的检测。低压容器气密性检测的测试结果验证了所提方法的可行性和有效性,为压力容器的气密性检测提供了一种新的解决思路。     

差分吸收式甲烷气体传感系统研究

该系统在系统设计、光源处理、气室的选择等方面对传统的实验系统进行了改进.消除了光源波动和光路干扰,解决了其他气体对甲烷气体测量的交叉干扰,测量精度也随之提高.经多次试验,系统重复性、稳定性良好.通过更换光源或不同中心波长的滤波片,该系统还可用于其他气体的测量,有很好通用性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.