一类低速船舶兴波阻力的数值研究

本文根据下潜源思想改进的Hess-Smith方法和有限水深慢船理论,编制了相应的船体势流和兴波阻力的计算程序.通过对球鼻首进行特殊处理,将该程序运用于一类低速船舶——某散货船母型及两种改型的波阻研究.结果表明本方法可很好地区分仅球鼻首有微小差别的母型及其改型的兴波性能,该类船舶在同一水深下的波阻变化规律与无限水深一致.最后选出一种较优船型进行了进一步研究,探讨了浅水效应.     

有限水深双船航行水底压力计算与实验研究

应用势流理论中的格林函数计算了双船航行时水底压力变化,利用面元法在船体表面上分布有限水深Kelvin移动兴波源,通过求解满足双船物面条件的线性方程组,得出不同航速与位置的源强大小,探讨了航速与相对位置对源强计算结果的影响.进一步计算了双船航行时水底的压力变化,同时研制了双船水底压力测量系统,计算与实验结果曲线特性一致,发现水深弗劳德数与双船相对位置是影响双船水底压力曲线畸变的主要因素,为以多船编队航行改变水底压力分布提供理论依据.     

斜支柱小水线面双体船水动力性能的数值研究

基于三维势流理论并考虑黏性阻尼,计算某斜支柱小水线面双体(I-SWATH)船在波浪中的运动响应.与常规直支柱小水线面双体船和代尔夫特372双体船进行对比,I-SWATH船具有更好的耐波性能.以此为基础,充分考虑黏性条件,通过求解雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程并结合重叠网格方法,进一步研究该I-SWATH船在静水及规则波中的阻力性能及运动响应.计算结果表明:I-SWATH船存在波浪增阻为负值的情况,并获得了在某种程度上倾斜支柱能够利用波浪能量的结论.     

水深对超大型FPSO水弹性响应的影响

结合三维势流理论和有限水深复合格林函数,计算了浅水超大型浮式生产储油系统(FPSO)水弹性响应.该方法首先实现有限水深复合格林函数及其偏导数的数值算法,将其根植于三维势流理论中,形成了用于浅水海洋浮式结构物三维水弹性分析的方法.本文对一艘浅水超大型FPSO进行了数值计算,计算结果表明,船体的振动效应对不同波浪载荷产生不同的影响.     

基于弱非线性假定的船舶波浪增阻数值计算

基于船舶在波浪中运动的势流理论的弱非线性假定,对于船舶在迎浪下的波浪增阻进行了数值计算.数值计算将Maruo波浪增阻理论与非线性船舶运动理论相结合.非线性的船舶运动响应采用时域切片法计算,考虑了Froude-Krylov力与静水压力的非线性影响,辐射力与绕射力则保持线性.在船舶运动结果的基础上应用Maruo公式计算波浪增阻.S175集装箱船的计算结果验证了所采用方法的准确性,同时表明所采用方法能够有效考虑波陡对于波浪增阻的影响.在此基础上进一步探究了航速对波浪增阻的非线性特性的影响.     

基于表面波形获取水底压力的计算方法及其实验验证

为获取水面波形与水底压力的对应关系,提出基于表面波形获取水底压力的计算方法,建立表面波形和水底压力变化的测量系统.对水面波形测量结果,采用傅里叶级数展开法计算其系数,通过线性叠加法反演重构原来水面波形.根据有限水深色散关系计算不同频率组成波的波数,进一步计算出非规则波、船舶兴波以及船舶在波浪中航行时的水面波形在水底引起的压力变化.仿真结果表明,理论计算与实验结果吻合较好.     

关于慢船理论自由面边界条件的注记

本文在分析Baba和Newman等人的量级假定的基础上提出了更为合理而简捷的慢船自由面边界条件的量级假定,并用Newman的无量纲化分析方法,分析、讨论了边界条件的几种形式。     

浅水船舶兴波阻力特性的理论分析

运用经典的线性兴波理论对浅水船舶兴波阻力特性进行了研究.针对浅水柯钦函数与深水柯钦函数之间存在的不相容性,通过引入深度影响因子来描述水深对浅水波阻的影响,重新定义了浅水柯钦函数,得到浅水线性波阻的一个新的表达式.借助量级分析和近似处理,导出了简化浅水柯钦函数和相应的浅水线性波阻公式.在上述工作的基础上,对浅水波阻特性进行了分析和讨论,合理地解释了若干实际现象.     

基于开尔文源面元法的有限水深兴波阻力计算

应用线性船舶水动力学理论,将有限水深开尔文移动兴波源格林函数分解成Rankine源集合、局部扰动项和波函数项3部分,利用高斯拉盖尔及最速下降积分方法加快了局部扰动项的计算速度.采用面元法计算了有限水深船体表面的面源强度,并与无限水深结果进行对比,进一步求解出有限水深船舶的兴波阻力,与其他方法所得结果基本一致,在跨临界航速中有限水深兴波阻力明显大于无限水深的结果.     

“海上列车”静水及波浪中的水动力特性研究

为了研究新型多船航行概念“海上列车”在波浪中的运动特性和阻力性能，开发了一种基于功能分解的势黏流耦合方法．选取了Blunt Wigley船型为研究对象，三艘Blunt Wigley以0.1L(L为模型船长)的纵向间距串列组成多船系统．采用自主研发的势黏流耦合求解器HUST-SWENSE与结构化动态重叠网格代码HUST-Overset耦合求解船舶在波浪中的运动．静水中单船和多船系统阻力性能对比发现：串列式“海上列车”中引导船减阻效果明显，而后续单船均有不同程度的增阻，位于最尾部位置的单船阻力增加最大．通过对波浪中单船和多船系统的运动响应、波浪增阻和不同成分波系的对比分析发现：当参数τ>0.25时，引导船的运动特性与波浪增阻特征和单船几乎相同，须根据具体航行海况调整船间纵向距离以达到减阻的目的．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-