基于滚动模糊时间窗的场面动态路径规划

为了减少机场场面滑行冲突,提高机场运行效率,提出了一种基于模糊规则系统的滚动模糊时间窗算法。首先构建机场滑行时间预测模型,其次将滚动时间窗和模糊时间窗算法相结合,对滑行路径进行动态优化,最后结合机场地面滑行数据进行检验,结果表明,地面延误降低了9%-17%,地面冲突减少了10%-18%,说明该方法能够有效提高机场地面运行效率。     

A*算法的场面滑行动态规划方法

针对大型繁忙机场交通冲突频发、起飞延误等问题,在战略和战术层面分别对机场场面滑行路径规划方法展开研究。简化了机场路网结构,将滑行路径规划与进离场序列结合,建立了航空器总体滑行耗时最短,延误最少的动态优化模型。在比较了流行的机场滑行路经规划算法基础上,从战术规划的角度提出了一种新的基于A~*算法的场面滑行动态规划方法和冲突解脱策略。案例仿真结果表明该方法可以快速有效的减少航空器总体滑行时间和解决滑行冲突,实现机场场面运行效率提升和机场运营的自动化。     

侧向跑道机场滑行路径优化

为了缓解机场场面交通拥挤状况,提高侧向跑道机场场面运行效率,构建了侧向跑道机场航空器滑行路径优化模型.该模型以航空器加权滑行时间和延误等待时间最小为目标,提出了动态优化航班的优先级的优化方案.将航空器的运行规则转化为相应的数学约束条件,根据侧向跑道机场的滑行道调度问题进行算法设计,运用改进的遗传算法对模型进行求解,以航空器的优先级滑行序列和航空器滑行路径为染色体,基于MATLAB对双链染色体进行编码,并对4种滑行冲突与解脱进行分析.以成都天府国际机场为例进行算例分析,与先到先服务序列进行对比,采用优化方案的序列可以节省42 s,并与蚁群算法进行比对,验证了改进的遗传算法的有效性,可以为繁忙机场的滑行调度提供决策支持.     

基于冲突点避让机制选择的航空器滑行路径优化

针对航空器地面滑行的问题,提出了冲突点选择避让机制来优化航空器滑行路径。通过构建地面滑行路径的节点-路段模型,以航空器全部滑行到预定节点所用时间最短为目标,建立了路径滑行优化模型。通过建立可行路径集,利用启发式搜索算法,从静态路径规划、动态路径规划两阶段对滑行路线进行优化,得到航空器滑行优化路径。以某机场某一时段内航班到离港时间数据为例,对算法进行了验证,结果显示:经算法优化后,可减少时间段内各航班的最短滑行路径的冲突,缩短滑行时间,滑行道使用较分散,可降低航空器滑行中运行风险。     

带滑行道冲突告警功能的机场管制员培训系统的设计与实现

针对民用机场同时具有离场飞行、进场飞行和滑行道滑行等复杂运行环境,机场管制员需要具有相应的处理能力,为此设计并实现了一套机场管制员培训系统。系统的最大特点是包含了滑行道冲突检测模块。当管制员向航空器发布滑行路径指令后,该模块将检测各架航空器之间潜在的计划滑行路径冲突并向管制员告警。采用该系统培训之后,机场管制员发布的滑行指令的有效性和安全性将显著提高,使民用机场的运行更加高效和顺畅。     

基于视频图像处理的机场航空器冲突检测

 针对场面监视雷达成本较高、不适用于流量较小的中小机场等问题, 采用多摄像机对机场场面航空器进行动态跟踪, 采用图像边缘检测和形态学处理方法对目标进行识别, 跟踪和提取航空器的飞行轨迹并分析其位置和速度参数, 提出了运动目标跟踪算法和基于DCPA 和TCPA 的滑行冲突检测模型, 开发了基于视频图像处理的机场航空器冲突检测原型系统, 并应用于西南某通航机场。实验表明, 视频图像处理技术和冲突检测模型可用于中小机场的航空器识别和冲突检测, 提高机场安全运行水平。     

交叉跑道进离场窗建立方法

针对交叉跑道相关运行模式下复飞引起的进离场冲突问题,提出规划交叉跑道冲突全域以保持进近复飞与离场航空器的飞行间隔.将交叉跑道冲突全域分解定义为前窗和后窗,依次建立直接交叉汇聚和非交叉汇聚跑道前窗、后窗的碰撞风险评估模型,并研究跑道交叉角度对侧向、纵向和垂直3个方向以及总体风险的影响程度.选取成都天府机场非交叉汇聚跑道组和美国威奇托机场直接交叉汇聚跑道组为实例进行仿真分析,结果表明天府机场冲突全域的范围为进近跑道入口前11.89 km至入口后6.44 km,威奇托机场冲突全域的范围为进近跑道入口前10.93km至入口后6.85km,将划设的交叉跑道冲突全域与规章中基于时间的尾流间隔约束相比较,可最终确定进近复飞与离场航空器的安全间隔,也可对未来国内交叉跑道构型相关运行模式下的安全间隔提供参考.     

基于态势感知的滑行路径优化算法

为提高繁忙机场场面运行效率,以优化航空器滑行路径、减少航空器滑行延误时间为目标,通过分析滑行道的运行态势,构建了机场滑行路径优化模型,并提出基于态势感知的滑行路径优化模型求解算法.算例结果表明:基于态势感知的滑行路径优化算法与传统的先到先服务优化算法相比,航空器在整个滑行过程中的总运行时间下降了 5％.可见基于态势感知...     

近距平行跑道机场绕行滑行道使用策略研究

为了给近距平行跑道机场制定和优化航空器场面运行策略提供理论依据,提升跑道运行安全水平和效率、减少机场运行场面冲突、降低安全隐患。本文分析并建立基于进、离港航班平均地面滑行时间最小为目标的绕滑使用决策模型,并以某机场两条近距平行跑道绕滑运行为例,采用数值计算和AirTOp运行仿真软件两种方式验证了该模型的可行性。算例结果表明,由该模型确定的绕滑使用策略,可以同时降低机场进、离港航班的延误水平,提高地面滑行效率。并且,通过对该机场航班运行数据的进一步研究发现,起飞跑道交通密度与绕滑使用率之间存在较为明显的正相关关系,进而提出针对该机场在高峰小时运行架次和起降比变化情况下的绕滑运行策略。     

航空器地面滑行冲突检测模型及算法实现

为了建构具有临界互斥特性的滑行道路网模型,笔者通过分析航空器地面运行规则,归纳出三种典型的滑行冲突类型,并运用临界互斥访问的基本原理,构造两种滑行道临界组件,以此为基本元素组建机场路网模型。航空器滑行路径信息以表列方式存储,可以实现对进出滑行道组件时间及组件属性等参数的快速提取。本文提出的冲突检测算法是对临界互斥访问判定准则,特种技术应用及实现流程的一种数学描述。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.