SiC颗粒特性对无压熔渗SiCp/Al复合材料热物理性能的影响

采用粉末注射成形-无压熔渗相结合技术制备出了电子封装用高体积分数SiCp/Al复合材料. 重点研究了SiC粒径、体积分数以及粒径大小等颗粒特性对所制备复合材料热物理性能的影响规律. 研究结果表明,SiCp/Al复合材料的热导率随SiC粒径的增大和体积分数的增加而增加;SiC粒径的大小对复合材料的热膨胀系数(CTE)没有显著的影响,而其体积分数对CTE的影响较大. CTE随着SiC颗粒体积分数的增加而减小,CTE实验值与基于Turner模型的预测值比较接近. 通过对不同粒径的SiC粉末进行级配,可以实现体积分数在53%～68%、CTE(20～100℃)在7.8×10-6～5.4×10-6K-1、热导率在140～190W·m·K-1范围内变化.     

镀钛金刚石增强玻璃基复合材料的性能

现代电子封装迫切需要开发新型高导热陶瓷(玻璃)基复合材料.本文在对镀钛金刚石进行镀铜和控制氧化的基础上,利用放电等离子烧结方法制备了金刚石增强玻璃基复合材料,并观察了其微观形貌和界面结合情况,测定了复合材料的热导率和热膨胀系数.实验结果表明:复合材料微观组织均匀,Ti/金刚石界面是复合材料中结合最弱的界面,复合材料的热导率随着金刚石粒径和含量的增大而增加,而热膨胀系数随着金刚石含量的增加而降低.当金刚石粒径为100μm、体积分数为70%时,复合材料热导率最高达到了40.2W·m-1·K-1,热膨胀系数为3.3×10-6K-1,满足电子封装材料的要求.     

无压浸渗法制备高体分比SiCp/Al

采用粉末注射成形/无压浸渗法成功制备出了SiC体积分数为63%的SiCp/Al复合材料.重点研究了主要工艺参数对SiC骨架及复合材料性能的影响规律.研究表明,采用粉末注射成形制备的SiC骨架经1100℃预烧后,仍具有很高的开口孔隙率,达到总孔隙率的97.9%.SiC颗粒经高温氧化处理后所生成的SiO2薄膜可明显改善铝合金熔液与SiC颗粒之间的润湿性,显著提高复合材料的密度.通过对工艺参数的优化可使铝液较好地润湿SiC骨架,获得最高相对密度可超过97%的复合材料.     

Al-Si合金粉末的高能球磨及其表征

为制备能满足使用要求的高硅铝合金电子封装材料,采用高能球磨对Al-Si 合金粉末进行氧化预处理,结合包套热挤压制备Al2O3 与SiO2 增强的弥散强化型铝硅复合材料,并利用粉末粒度分析仪、氧分析仪、金相显微镜及扫描电镜对球磨粉末氧含量、粉末粒度及材料组织进行分析.研究结果表明Al-Si 合金粉末经24 h球磨后,粉末粒度明显减小,部分粒径从3～5 μm 减小到0.1～0.2 μm;球磨后粉末形状从原来的长条状转变为细小的球状;粉末氧含量随着球磨时间延长而增加,且与球磨时间接近于呈线性关系;粉末经高能球磨后,所制备材料晶粒更加细小,特别是硅粒子已明显细化,材料组织更均匀、更致密;随着粉末球磨时间延长,材料热导率增加,球磨32 h 后,材料热导率高达145.5 W·m-1·K-1.     

颗粒增强铝基复合材料的制备及热膨胀性能

以复合材料在电子封装方面的应用为目标,选择粒径大约为4μm的Al2O3、AlN和SiC颗粒,采用挤压铸造法方法制备了颗粒体积分数为40%的3种铝基复合材料。研究表明,所制备的复合材料组织致密,颗粒均匀分布。对比分析表明,复合材料的平均线膨胀系数(CTE)在11.51×10-6～18.62×10-6/K之间并随着加热温度的升高而增大。SiCp/2024复合材料的CTE实测值最低,AlNp/6061次之,Al2O3p/2024略高;Al2O3p/2024的实测值与Kerner模型预测值相符得较好,而AlNp/6061复合材料与ROM模型符合得较好,SiCp/2024复合材料的实测值介于Shapery模型的上下限之间。     

TiC_p/7075Al基复合材料半固态坯料二次加热组织

利用扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)和示差扫描量热法(DSC)研究了4.4%TiC_p/7075Al基复合材料的二次加热组织演变规律及其影响因素. 结果表明:4.4%TiC_p/7075Al基复合材料的最佳二次加热工艺参数是加热温度为590～610℃,保温时间为10～20min;4.4%TiC_p/7075Al基复合材料在二次加热过程中具有较高的稳定性,随温度的升高和保温时间的延长,球形晶粒尺寸增加较小;4.4%TiC_p/7075Al基复合材料在600℃时的晶粒粗化速率常数为118.96μm~3·s~(-1),远小于7075基体合金的晶粒粗化速率常数311.7μm~3·s~(-1),更加适宜于半固态触变成形.     

BN/聚砜导热绝缘复合材料的制备及性能

采用粉末混合法制备了BN/聚砜导热绝缘复合材料,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、导热系数测试仪和超高电阻微电流测试仪对复合材料的微观形貌、导热性能和电绝缘性能进行了表征.结果表明:硅烷偶联剂改性处理后的BN粉体与聚砜基体之间的相容性较好;BN/聚砜复合材料的导热系数随BN含量的增加而增大,最大可达2.08(w·m-1·K-1);表面电阻率和体积电阻率随BN含量的增加而减小,最低值分别为0.82×1015Ω和1.78×1015(Ω·cm),具有电绝缘性.     

SiC_p/A356铝合金复合材料触变挤压研究

采用有限元软件DEFORM-3DTM模拟SiCp/A356铝合金复合材料电子封装壳体的成形过程,应用等温压缩实验数据分析材料模型触变成形过程中金属流动速度场和温度场分布,并对可能产生的成形缺陷进行预测.研究发现,一模四件的模型更适合半固态触变成形,缺陷可能出现在最后成形的成形件侧棱两角.     

封装SiCp/Cu复合材料组织性能研究

采用粉末冶金法制备SiC体积分数分别为20％、35％、50％的SiCp/Cu复合材料,并采用扫描电镜、热膨胀仪、热分析仪、洛氏硬度计等对其显微组织、热物理性能和力学性能进行表征.结果表明,随着SiCp含量升高,偏聚现象趋于明显,SiCp/Cu复合材料热导率减小,分别为167、145、130 W/m·K,SiCp/Cu复合材料热膨胀系数分别为10.2×10-6、8.6×10-6、9.6×10-6 K-1,呈先减小后增大趋势;在SiCp/Cu复合材料中,当SiC体积分数小于35％时,其硬度值变化取决于SiCp含量,当SiC体积分数大于35％时,其硬度值取决于致密度.     

注射成形制备SiCp/Al复合材料电子封装盒体的预成形坯

对碳化硅陶瓷注射喂料进行流变性能分析后得到合适的注射喂料.通过注射工艺和后续的脱脂-预烧结工艺成功制备出压渗用SiCp封装盒体的预成形坯.结果表明:SiCp装载量为65%,粘结剂成分为70%PW(石蜡) 29%HPDE(高密度聚乙烯) 1%SA(硬脂酸)的喂料在较宽的剪切速率和温度范围内均具有良好的注射性能;在合适的注射参数下可以制得完整无缺陷的注射坯;采用溶剂脱脂与热脱脂两步脱脂工艺,可以成功脱除注射坯体中的粘结剂,在1 150 ℃进行预烧结,制备出了具有良好外观形貌、足够强度以及适中连通孔隙的预成形坯,可以满足后续加压渗铝制备SiCp/Al复合材料的封装盒体实验的要求.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

The Analects and the Moment in Peking——The influence of a Confucian education system on the personality formation,the way of thinking and the fate of the main characters

0.Preface China has long been boasting of its colorful and immense culture which comprises of Taoism,Confucianism and Buddhism.The interwoven influence among the religions on Chinese way of thinking,on the nation＇s behavior in their social life throughout the long history is beyond list.