借鉴SA8000制定企业社会责任标准

SA8000作为全球第一个可用于第三方认证的社会责任国际标准,具有某些贸易壁垒的作用和特点,但更应该看到SA8000的实质是对劳工的人文关怀。SA8000的核心内容对制定适合我国国情的企业社会责任标准具有重要的借鉴意义。我国企业社会责任标准的内容应当包括:目的和适用范围、制定依据、定义和术语、具体要求与评估指标、实施和监督。     

企业社会责任标准SA 8000——不平等契约

在生产全球化的大背景下,工人、消费者、NGOs、政府和企业本身对企业社会责任越来越关注,SA8000标准应运而生。在分析企业社会责任和SA8000标准认证形成机制的基础上,从经济学角度指出企业社会责任标准SA8000是一种契约,分析了契约内容的不平等性以及造成这种不平等性的原因。     

SA8000标准对我国企业的影响及对策

从社会责任标准(SA8000)标准的重点推广领域及国际影响出发，说明SA8000标准有可能成为新的贸易壁垒和国际标准，SA8000标准的推广和实施将对我国企业产生诸多不利的影响，并探讨了我国政府和企业在面对SA8000时应采取的对策．指出加强企业的社会道德责任管理不仅有利于打破新的贸易堡垒，而且有利于提高企业的社会形象，增强企业的国际竞争力．     

SA8000:企业面临的新机遇和新挑战

SA8000(社会责任管理体系)的引入已经引起了学术界的广泛讨论。为此，在分析SA8000的产生和发展的基础上，根据其体系的主要内容。分析了SA8000将对我国企业产生的利弊两方面的影响，并进一步提出了应对SA8000的策略。     

新贸易壁垒——SA8000的影响与对策

企业社会责任的SA8000标准,日益为欧美发达国家企业所认可,并逐渐成为国际贸易中新的壁垒。对SA8000标准主要内容进行了介绍,分析了SA8000对我国企业出口的影响,提出了相应的对策,如积极参与SA8000相关的国际谈判,加强舆论引导和对相关法律法规执行的监督,调整发展战略,加强创新与研发,适当开展SA8000的认证工作等。     

走进SA8000——关注企业社会责任管理标准

SA8000社会责任管理标准是世界上第一个企业社会道德责任标准,SA8000是一把双刃剑,对广大发展中国家来说,既有利也有弊。我们应积极对SA8000的挑战。     

新贸易壁垒——SA8000的影响与对策

企业社会责任的 SA8000 标准,日益为欧美发达国家企业所认可,并逐渐成为国际贸易中新的壁垒.对 SA8000 标准主要内容进行了介绍,分析了 SA8000 对我国企业出口的影响,提出了相应的对策,如积极参与 SA8000 相关的国际谈判,加强舆论引导和对相关法律法规执行的监督,调整发展战略,加强创新与研发.适当开展 SA8000 的认证工作等.     

实施SA8000标准认证对我国出口贸易的影响

SA8000这种介于合理和不合理之间、非常隐蔽和复杂的新的贸易壁垒,其以加强社会责任管理为名,把劳工权利问题与贸易保护结合起来,而行贸易保护主义之实。SA8000标准认证对我国出口企业的影响无疑是很大的。     

浅析SA8000对我国外贸行业的影响

SA8000是Social Accountability8000的简称,中文译为“社会责任标准”,是全球首个有关企业运作在道德范围内的国际标准,本文分析了SA8000对我国外贸行业的影响及应对SA8000的措施建议。     

SA8000背景下企业的人力资源管理策略

SA8000标准体系是近年来为各界所关注的一个热点问题,它的核心是关注人,重视人的价值,强调"人是第一资源"的管理理念。探讨了SA8000标准的推行对中国企业的影响和挑战,并提出了以SA8000标准为契机,构建"以人为本"的人力资源管理体系的策略建议。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.