Geochemical character and material source of sediments in the eastern Philippine Sea

Based upon analyses of grain-size, rare earth element （REE） compositions, elemental occurrence phases of REE, and U-series isotopic dating, the sediment characteristics and material sources of the study area were examined for the recently formed deep-sea clays in the eastern Philippine Sea. The analytical results are summarized as follows. （1） Low accumulation rate, poor sorting and roundness, and high contents of grains coarser than fine silt indicate relatively low sediment input, with localized material source without long distance transport. （2） The REE Contents are relatively high. Shale-normalized patterns of REE indicate weak enrichment in heavy REE （HREE）, Ce-passive anomaly, and Eu-positive anomaly. （3） Elemental occurrence phases of REE between the sediments with and without crust are similar. REE mainly concentrate in residual phase and then in ferromanganese oxide phase. The light REE （LREE） enrichment, Ce-positive anomaly, and Eu-posiUve anomaly occur in re-sidual phase. Ferromanganese oxide phase shows the characteristics of relatively high HREE content and Ce-passive anomaly. （4） There are differences in each above mentioned aspect between the sedi- ments with and without ferromanganese crust. （5） Synthesizing the above characteristics and source discriminant analysis, the study sediments are deduced to mainly result from the alteration of local and nearby volcanic materials. Continental materials transported by wind and/or river （ocean） flows also have minor contributions.     

扬子地块南缘元古代浊积岩源区风化特征和源岩性质的沉积地球化学记录

对扬子地台南缘元古代浊积岩的常量元素和微量元素地球化学研究表明，源区遭受了中等程度的风化作用影响，这种影响记录在碱金属和碱土金属元素的丰度与分布型式、蚀变化学指数(CIA)以及Th／U比值等方面。稀土元素的组成和配分型式、Th／Sc和La／Sc比值以及其他常量和微量元素之间的关系表明，沉积岩不具备成熟的再旋回沉积物的特征，其源岩主要为由酸性岩浆岩等长英质组分构成的古老上地壳，源岩曾受到了显著的壳内分异作用的影响。中元古界冷家溪群地层的源岩较新元古界板溪群合有较高的Co，Cr，Ni，Sc，V等基性组分，且基性的铁镁质成分主要反映在粘土级组分的沉积记录中。     

胶北乳山金矿含金石英脉中稀土矿物的发现及其意义

通过显微分析和电子探针测试，对乳山金矿石英脉中首次发现的稀土矿物独居石等进行了系统研究，发现石英脉中独居与钾花花岗岩围岩中的独居石既有相似性， 又有一定差异，前LREE更为富集，说明在成矿流体演化过程中LREE得到进一步集中。与不同地区、不同成因独居石的化学成分和稀土元素配分模式的对比分析表明，乳山金矿石英脉中独居石LREE最高，尤其以La最为显。对含金石英脉、钾化花岗岩、煌斑岩和变质岩的稀土元素分析发现， 前两关系密切，与煌斑岩也有一定联系，但与变质岩关系不大。在统一的深部构造背景下，通过花岗岩钾化蚀变作用形成了含金成矿流体，并在合适构造中沉淀成矿。     

Elemental composition in the sediments of the Yangtze and the Yellow Rivers and their tracing implication

Elemental compositions in the surface sediments of the Yangtze River and the Yellow River are quite different. The Yangtze River' s sediment is rich in K, Fe, Mg, Al and most of trace elements, and its elemental composition show remarkable spatial variations, whereas the Yellow River s sediment has higher contents of Ca, Na, Sr, Ba, Zr and Hf, and the elemental composition remains relatively stable. The ratios of some elements are also different in the sediments of the two rivers. The elemental composition of the Yangtze River sediment results from widely distributed igneous rocks and complicated source rocks and strong chemical weathering in the Yangtze River catchment basin, while the main provenance of the Yellow River sediment is the Loess Plateau which has dominant influence on the elemental composition, and the intense physical weathering is another controlling factor. The elements such as Cu, Zn, Sc, Ti, Fe, V, Ni, Cr, Co, Li and element ratios such as La/Sc, La/Co, Th/Co, Ti/Zr and Zr/Y can be used as the tracers to distinguish the Yangtze River sediment from the Yellow River s. The tracers can be used in the study of the mixing and distribution of the substances of the two rivers matters in coastal zones of China.     

The environmental index of the rare earth elements in conodonts: Evidence from the Ordovician conodonts of the Huanghuachang Section,Yichang area

High-resolution microanalysis was performed on conodonts collected from the Huanghuachang section in the Yichang area using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). This region is regarded as a standard section for the division and correlation of the Ordovician system in southern China. The results show that the values of (La/Yb)N and (La/Sm)N decrease, while the values of δCe increase as seawater deepens and energy decreases. As the sedimentary environment changes from shallow-water carbonate platform to platform margin to open continental shelf to shelf basin, rare earth element distribution curves gradually transform from a right inclined pattern to a flat pattern to a left inclined pattern and a hat-shaped pattern. The present work proves that the values and distributive patterns of rare earth elements in conodonts correspond with the sedimentary environment, and therefore provide reliable evidence for the application of rare earth element concentrations of biogenic phosphates such as conodonts for palaeoenvironmental reconstructions.     

辽宁南芬露天铁矿床地球化学特征及其地质意义

 辽宁南芬铁矿是中国乃至亚洲最大的露天开采铁矿.自1949年以来,辽宁南芬铁矿一直是本钢集团的主体矿山和高品位富矿的主要供应地.本文在总结辽宁南芬铁矿床成矿地质背景及矿床地质特征的基础上,对矿区内的磁铁石英岩的主量元素和稀土元素特征进行分析.通过主量元素和稀土元素相结合的方法,对铁矿成矿物质来源提出了有效制约.研究表明,条带状铁矿(BIF)的化学成分主要由T(Fe₂O₃)和SiO₂组成,并且具有较低含量的Al₂O₃和TiO₂.这一特征与鞍-本地区、山西五台山和冀东迁安地区铁矿一致,表明该BIF型铁矿是由极少碎屑物质加入的化学沉积岩.稀土元素的总量很低,经标准化后的稀土元素配分模式呈现轻稀土亏损、重稀土富集的特征,具有明显铕(Eu)正异常特征,说明该BIF的地球化学特征(REE)来源于火山热液和海水混合液.     

镧系锕系元素的重新界定与32列元素周期表

阐述了重新界定镧系、锕系元素的理由,提出了f区元素与d区元素的新概念。对现有元素周期表的排列提出了新的建议。编制了32列元素周期表,提出了增加C族的想法。     

人类扰动下太湖入湖河道的稀土元素及环境指示意义

采集了接纳不同类型污染物的3条太湖入湖河道的水体、悬浮物和沉积物,分析了其中稀土元素的含量分布特征.结果表明:水体中的稀土总量,漕桥河最大,大浦河其次,梁溪河最小;悬浮物与沉积物中的稀土总量,大浦河最大,漕桥河其次,梁溪河最小.河流不同介质稀土元素标准化曲线差别明显,水体富集重稀土,悬浮物主要富集于中稀土,而沉积物主要为平坦型曲线;但标准化曲线中均有离群的曲线,沉积物中尤为明显,而且污染河道样品页岩标准化曲线不同于周边土壤和湖泊沉积物,说明太湖入湖河道的稀土元素明显地受到了人类活动物质输入的影响,而且显示了不同污染源的特点.     

峨眉山玄武岩地幔源成分及其变化的微量元素标志

根据峨眉山玄武岩系岩石的稀土元素、不相容元素特征，估计了产生其母岩浆的地幔源成分，在讨论了地幔平衡部分熔融和岩浆分离结晶过程中强不相容元素与一般不相容元素的比值变化后，提出用双对数图解来判别地幔成分、元素总分配系数及母岩浆形成时地幔熔融度的原理。根据Ｌａ，Ｃｅ和Ｓｃ，Ｙｂ在地幔－岩浆过程中地球化学特征，运用上述原理，讨论了峨眉山玄武岩系母岩浆的地幔成分及其变化，计算了地幔矿物相组成和部分熔融度。     

岩溶沉积物中可溶性稀土富集和组成特征

本文通过稀土解析实验和稀土富集系数K_k值计算认为:在碳酸盐岩的岩溶次生成岩——即生成岩溶化学沉积物过程中不存在稀土元素富集,岩溶碎屑沉积物中则存在稀土元兴富集.不同矿物成份的岩溶粘土沉积物中,可溶性稀土和残存稀土组成均相对于全样稀土组成呈对称分布关系.其中前者富集N_d——Lu而La、Ce贫化,残存稀土相反.相对于俄罗斯陆台沉积岩稀土平均值而言,水云母粘土和蒙脱石粘土全样中富集中,重稀土而轻稀土贫化,高岭石粘土则相反.三种粘土的可溶性稀土组成中最大富集元素彼此不同.     

稀土（Sc, Y, La）掺杂CdS光电性质的第一性原理研究

采用第一性原理赝势平面波方法对CdS掺杂稀土元素(Sc、Y、La)的光电性质进行了计算与分析.计算结果表明:Sc、Y、La掺杂后,CdS的晶格常数增大,晶胞体积也相应增大.Sc、Y、La置换Cd导致费米面进入导带中,禁带宽度有所增大,导电类型变为n型,说明稀土Sc、Y、La是n型掺杂剂.稀土原子Sc、Y、La在费米能级处提供了额外的载流电子,对CdS的电子结构起到了改善作用.稀土原子的引入,增强了稀土原子与相邻S原子的相互作用,且稀土原子与S成键都有很高的共价性.稀土掺杂后CdS的静态介电常数、吸收系数和反射率都明显降低,表明其导电性和光的透过率增强.以上结果说明稀土元素的掺入能有效调制CdS的光电性质.     

1，4－双（1＇苯基－3－甲基－5＇氧代吡唑－4＇－基）－1，4苯二酮稀土配合物的合成与表征

本文报道了１４种新的固态稀土元素配合物（除Ｃｅ、Ｐｍ、Ｌｕ外），它们是用稀土的硝酸盐与１，４－双（１＇苯基－３＇－甲基－５＇－氧代吡唑－４＇－基）－１，４苯二酮（简写为Ｈ２Ｌ）在乙醇－水溶液中于ｐＨ＝５．８～６．０条件下反应制得的。配合物的分子式为ＲＥ２Ｌ３·ｎＨ２Ｏ（ＲＥ＝Ｌａ，Ｎｄ，ｎ＝８．ＲＥ＝Ｐｒ，Ｓｍ，ｎ＝６．ＲＥ＝Ｅｕ，Ｇｄ，Ｔｂ，Ｄｙ，Ｈｏ，Ｅｒ，Ｔｍ，Ｙｂ，Ｓｃ，Ｙ，ｎ＝５）。用化学分析，元素分析，紫外，红外，质子核磁共振，热分析和荧光光谱对配合物进行了研究。根据以上研究，认为配合物具有双核结构。     

薄层层析法分离重稀土元素

本文研究的薄层层析法分离重稀土元素的固定相为硅胶H/硝酸铵/CMC/H_2O(W/W33∶4∶1∶110),展开剂为:1.二-2-乙基己基磷酸-异丙醚-乙醚-硝酸,2.单-2-乙基己基磷酸-异丙醚-乙醚-硝酸。本文测定了各重稀土元素的R_f值,研究了改变展开剂中各组分比例对各稀土元素色谱行为及分离效果的影响。当二-2-乙基己基磷酸-异丙醚-乙醚-硝酸体积比为1∶10∶6:∶.1,单-2-乙基己基磷酸-异丙醚-乙醚-硝酸体积比为1∶8∶8∶1.1时,各相邻重稀土元素间均能表现出较明显的R_f值差异。分离上述稀土标准混合液,各元素的分离情况可达到定量测定要求,结果令人满意。     

Discovery of the boninite series volcanic rocks in the Bangong Lake ophiolite mélange, western Tibet, and its tectonic implications

The Bangong Lake ophiolite section, the western-most part of the Bangong Lake-Nujiang River ophiolitezone, is located to the south of the Bangong Lake andabout 10 km north of Rutog Town (Fig. 1). Being over2000 km long in Tibet, it extends westward to Kashmirand southeastward beyond Tibet along the Nujiang River.Although the section of the ophiolite is well exposed, nodetailed research work has yet been done. This ophiolitezone, which is one of the ophiolite zones in Tibet, servesas the…     

薄层层析法分离重稀土元素

本文研究的薄层层析法分离重稀土元素的固定相为硅胶H/硝酸铵/CMC/H_2O(W/W33:4:1:110),展开剂为:1.二-2-乙基己基磷酸-异丙醚-乙醚-硝酸,2.单-2-乙基已基磷酸-异丙醚-乙醚-硝酸。本文测定了各重稀土元素的R_f值,研究了改变展开剂中各组分比例对各稀土元素色谱行为及分离效果的影响。当二-2-乙基已基磷酸-异丙醚-乙醚-硝酸体积比为1:10:6:1.1,单2-乙基己基磷酸-异丙醚-乙醚-硝酸体积比为1:8:8:1.1时,各相邻重稀土元素间均能表现出较明显的R_f值差异。分离上述稀土标准混合液,各元素的分离情况可达到定量测定要求,结果令人满意。     

新疆西准噶尔萨尔托海地区英安岩锆石U-Pb年龄及其对达拉布特蛇绿岩侵位时限的约束

新疆西准噶尔达拉布特蛇绿岩在其北东段萨尔托海地区被下石炭统火山岩-沉积岩不整合覆盖。对这套沉积-火山岩系中的英安岩进行 LA-ICP-MS 锆石 U-Pb 定年, 获得 ²⁰⁶Pb/²³⁸U 加权平均年龄为 349±2 Ma(早石炭世杜内期)。英安岩REE 分配型式具有轻稀土富集、重稀土相对平坦、Eu 负异常明显的特点。微量元素原始地幔标准化图解中, 所有样品的标准化丰度都随着元素不相容性的增加而增大。与经典的弧英安岩以及埃达克火山岩相比, 太勒古拉组英安岩 Sr 含量平均值为 195 μg/g, Sr/Y 平均值为 5.2, La/Yb 平均值为4.6, 远小于经典的弧英安岩和埃达克岩。结合太勒古拉组变形、变质微弱的特点, 认为早石炭世英安岩形成于板内裂谷环境, 且在早石炭世之前达拉布特蛇绿岩已经就位。     

Trace element geochemistry during chemical weathering——As exemplified by the weathered crust of granite, Longnan, Jiangxi

The granite weathering in Longnan, Jiangxi, is represented by mineralogical changes of feldspars → montmorillonite, illite → kaolinite, halloysite f66 bauxite, with Na, Ca, Si, P, V, U and Sr being in a mobile state while Ti, Al, Fe, Sc, Th, Zr and Hf remaining relatively conservative. With the exception of Zr/Hf, Nb/Ta, Th/Sc, Zr/Nd and Sm/Nb, changes are notable in ratios between most of the trace elements. Re-distribution of REE and Y has taken place during the chemical weathering, and the REE patterns of weathered samples in the profile, with original characters of the parent rock still recognizable, has undergone some fractiona-tion. Generally, the extent of chemical weathering is the critical factor determining the mineralogical and chemical characteristics of the profiles and this must be taken into account in any study of tracing the provenance on the basis of mineralogical and trace element characteristics of the sediments.     

Trace element geochemistry during chemical weathering

The granite weathering in Longnan, Jiangxi, is represented by mineralogical changes of feldspars → montmorillonite, illite → kaolinite, halloysite → bauxite, with Na, Ca, Si, P, V, U and Sr being in a mobile state while Ti, Al, Fe, Sc, Th, Zr and Hf remaining relatively conservative. With the exception of Zr/Hf, Nb/Ta, Th/Sc, Zr/Nd and Sm/Nb, changes are notable in ratios between most of the trace elements. Re-distribution of REE and Y has taken place during the chemical weathering, and the REE patterns of weathered samples in the profile, with original characters of the parent rock still recognizable, has undergone some fractionation. Generally, the extent of chemical weathering is the critical factor determining the mineralogical and chemical characteristics of the profiles and this must be taken into account in any study of tracing the provenance on the basis of mineralogical and trace element characteristics of the sediments.     

不同稀土元素掺杂钛酸钡能带结构与态密度的计算

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理平面波超软赝势方法,研究了几种不同稀土元素La、Sm、Gd、Dy、Ho、Yb、Lu对BaTiO 3掺杂前后的能带结构和态密度,并且进行了分析。计算结果表明：与未进行掺杂的BaTiO 3结构相比,La、Sm、Gd、Dy、Ho、Lu六种掺杂体系费米能级穿过导带区,体系均呈现一定的导电性,而Yb的掺杂体系没有表现出明显的金属性。     

东秦岭西坝花岗岩体及其脉岩的地球化学特征

通过秦岭西坝花岗岩体及邻区脉岩体的岩石学、地球化学研究，探讨了秦岭造山带中生代期间由全面碰撞转入陆内造山的深部动力学过程。研究表明：西坝花岗岩体及花岗斑岩脉具类似于埃达克质岩高Sr(Ba)，低Y和Yb，以及高Sr/Y,La/Yb,Eu异常微弱的地球化学特征，反映其形成于地壳厚度增大的地质背景；闪长玢岩脉代表地壳减薄背景的产物。它们的形成指示秦岭造山带印支晚期到燕山早期地壳增厚，嗣后发生下地壳拆沉的重要转换过程。