短SiC纤维增强玻璃陶瓷氧化行为的研究

文章研究了单向短切碳化硅纤维增强玻璃陶瓷复合材料的氧化行为。结果表明：复合材料氧化过程中氧的扩散与复合材料中气孔或纤维基体热匹配微裂纹有关,早期氧化造成碳化硅纤维－基体界面富碳层消失和非晶态ＳｉＯ２的形成,非晶态ＳｉＯ２向玻璃陶瓷基体的扩散形成纤维－基体的强结合,导致复合材料整体脆化,强度降低２。     

碳陶瓷复合材料抗氧化性能研究

将ＳｉＣ、Ｂ４Ｃ等碳化物陶瓷粉末与碳粉混合，采用热压烧结工艺制备碳陶瓷复合材料。对碳质量分数ｗＣ分别为０．１，０．２，０．３，０．４，０．５的５种碳陶瓷复合材料，在８００℃、１０００℃和１３００℃高温空气中的氧化性能进行了研究。结果表明，碳陶瓷复合材料在ｗＣ＜０．２时，抗氧化性很好；在ｗＣ＞０．３时，氧化速率加快。氧化后试样表面的ＸＲＤ谱和ＳＥＭ下的微观结构研究表明，氧化过程中碳陶瓷复合材料晶粒表面形成了ＳｉＯ２和Ｂ２Ｏ３固溶体薄膜，阻止了材料的进一步氧化。     

ZrO_2 颗粒弥散 MoSi_2 陶瓷力学性能及氧化性能

研究了ＺｒＯ２颗粒弥散ＭｏＳｉ２陶瓷的力学性能及氧化性能．结果表明，ＺｒＯ２颗粒同时实现了室温相变韧化和高温弥散强化双重作用，显著提高了复合材料的室温强韧性及高温强度，同时复合材料仍具有较优良的抗氧化性能．     

载体SiO_2表面修饰对钒基催化剂丙烷氧化脱氢催化性能的影响

用ＸＲＤ、Ｒａｍａｎ、ＦＴ－ＩＲ、５１Ｖ－ＮＭＲ、Ｐｙ－ＩＲ和ＴＰＲ－ＴＰＯ表征ＳｉＯ２或ＳｉＯ２上预负载ＭｇＯ后负载的钒氧化物催化剂体系．ＳｉＯ２上直接负载钒氧化物,在钒负载量约为５ｗｔ％Ｖ２Ｏ５时出现Ｖ２Ｏ５晶相,而预负载ＭｇＯ的在相同钒含量时则没有出现Ｖ２Ｏ５晶相,表明预负载ＭｇＯ促进了钒氧化物在载体表面的分散．预负载ＭｇＯ的催化剂的可还原性和其还原态活化气相氧的活性较低,有较好的丙烷氧化脱氢的丙烯选择性,同时又因有较强的表面酸性位,有利于对丙烷仲碳Ｃ－Ｈ键的活化,而能保持其较高的丙烷氧化脱氢活性．钒氧物种与载体形成Ｖ－Ｏ－Ｍｇ（Ｓｉ）桥键,该桥键氧可能是丙烷氧化脱氢的活性氧物种     

ZrO_2增韧Al_2O_3／SiCw陶瓷复合材料研究

研究了热压烧结Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋０．２０ＳｉＣｗ（体积分数，下同）－ＺｒＯ２（摩尔分数为０．０２Ｙ２Ｏ３，记为ＺｒＯ２（０．０２Ｙ））陶瓷复合材料的力学性能及韧化机制。结果表明，在Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋０．２０ＳｉＣｗ陶瓷中添加ＺｒＯ２（０．０２Ｙ）颗粒可使Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋０．２０ＳｉＣｗ材料进一步韧化和强化；室温下Ａｌ２Ｏ３＋０．２０ＳｉＣｗ＋０．３０ＺｒＯ２（０．０２Ｙ）复合材料的断裂韧性和抗弯强度分别可达１０．８５ＭＰａ·ｍ１／２和１２０７ＭＰａ。断口形貌和裂纹扩展途径的ＳＥＭ观察和ＸＲＤ分析结果表明，复合材料的增韧机制为裂纹偏转与绕过，晶须桥接与拔出以及相变增韧，并且晶须增韧与相变增韧具有良好的叠加性     

纳米ZrO_2颗粒强韧MoSi_2基复合材料

研究了热压纳米ＺｒＯ２粒子强韧ＭｏＳｉ２基复合材料的显微结构与力学性能，初步探讨了纳米ＺｒＯ２粒子的增韧补强机制．结果表明，复合材料的室温断裂韧性有了较大的提高，ＫＩｃ达到５．７９ＭＰａ·ｍ１／２．ＳＥＭ观察表明纳米ＺｒＯ２粒子既分布于基体材料的晶界同时也存在于晶粒内部，断口形貌呈现出沿晶与穿晶的混合型断裂特征．复合材料的韧化效应是由ＺｒＯ２粒子引起的相变韧化、晶粒桥接以及裂纹偏转等机制的综合作用．     

聚酰胺/硅胶吸附剂吸附分离茶多酚的红外光谱

用傅里叶变换红外光谱研究了室温下聚酰胺／硅胶吸附剂（ Ｐ Ａ／ Ｓｉ Ｏ２）对茶叶中茶多酚的分离提取原理．红外光谱表明， Ｐ Ａ／ Ｓｉ Ｏ２ 中 Ｐ Ａ 分子的酰胺基－ Ｏ‖ Ｃ－ Ｎ Ｈ－ 是通过氢键吸附茶多酚分子的活性基团，而酰胺基对咖啡因分子没有吸附作用． Ｐ Ａ／ Ｓｉ Ｏ２ 中 Ｓｉ Ｏ２ 表面羟基 Ｏ Ｈ 是吸附咖啡因及茶多酚分子的活性基团．由于氢键的作用，茶多酚和咖啡因分子之间也能相互吸附． Ｐ Ａ／ Ｓｉ Ｏ２ 对氨基酸类物质不起吸附作用，因而容易将其分离．     

ZrO2颗粒弥散MoSi2陶瓷力学性能及氧化性能

研究了ＺｒＯ２颗粒弥散ＭｏＳｉ２陶瓷的力学性能及氧化性能。结果表明，ＺｒＯ２颗粒同时实现了室温相变韧化和高温弥散强化双重作用，显著提高了复合材料的室温强韧性及高温强度，同时复合材料仍具有较优良的抗氧化性能。     

SiC/Al_2O_3/Al-Si 复合材料的组织结构和性能

通过Ｘ－射线衍射、光学显微检验和扫描电子显微镜观察，研究了由Ａｌ－Ｍｇ－Ｓｉ合金高温直接氧化形成的ＳｉＣ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３／Ａｌ－Ｓｉ复合材料的相组成和显微结构，分析了工艺参数和材料显微结构对其力学性能的影响。实验结果表明，材料抗弯强度可高达５００ＭＰａ、断裂韧性达５．０８ＭＰａ·ｍ１２，致密度高达９８．４１％。     

射频磁控溅射沉积SiO2膜的研究

研究以射频磁控溅射法在Ｓｉ衬底上沉积ＳｉＯ２膜．这一方法避免了高温氧化法对器件性能的损害．在结构和物理性能上对ＳｉＯ２进行了多方面的测试和分析．结果表明，ＳｉＯ２膜具有：１）微晶结构，结构致密、表面均匀、无针孔等．２）优良的物理性能，腐蚀速率（在Ｐ腐蚀液中）０．２０～０．２４ｎｍ／ｓ，击穿场强２．６×１０７～４．４×１０７Ｖ／ｃｍ．可以得出结论：射频磁控溅射法沉积的ＳｉＯ２膜与热氧化法沉积的ＳｉＯ２膜具有相同的物理性质．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with