皮胶原纤维固载Zr(Ⅳ)对水体中染料的吸附

制备皮胶原纤维固载Zr（Ⅳ）吸附剂（ZLCF），考察其对水体中染料的吸附作用．研究表明，在pH=3-9的范围，ZLCF对阴离子型染料酸性嫩黄G、直接黄R和活性艳蓝KN-R有明显的吸附作用，且在pH=3时出现最大吸附，但ZLCF对阳离子型染料阳离子桃红FG难以产生有效的吸附作用．0．12g的ZLCF对100mL染料初始浓度为100mg／L的酸性嫩黄G、直接黄R和活性艳蓝KN-R的去除率分别达85．6％、95．9％和99．5％．吸附平衡符合Langmuir方程，说明三种阴离子型染料在ZLCF表面形成了单分子层吸附．在pH=3和303K的条件下，ZLCF对酸性嫩黄G、直接黄R和活性艳蓝KN．R的最大吸附容量分别为493．2mg／g、420．7mg／g和369．1mg／g．在293K--313K范围内，温度变化对活性艳蓝KN．R的吸附影响不明显；但酸性嫩黄G的吸附随温度的升高逐渐减少，是放热、熵减、可自发进行的过程；而直接黄R的吸附随温度的升高逐渐增加，是吸热、熵增，亦可自发进行的过程．进一步研究表明，ZLCF对三种阴离子型染料的吸附动力学符合拟二级速度方程，由此推测吸附主要由化学机理控制．     

无极紫外光降解活性艳蓝KN-R染料溶液的研究

实验首次将一种新型光源－无极紫外灯应用于染料废水的降解，考察反应过程中染料脱色率，TOC去除率，pH值的变化情况，并与普通紫外光的降解情况进行了比较。实验表明，染料活性艳蓝KN—R溶液经过无极紫外光处理110min后，脱色率达73%，TOC去除率达34％，而普通紫外光对染料的脱色率只有8％，TOC基本上没有变化。     

两性木素絮凝剂用于模拟染料废水的脱色处理研究

以木质素磺酸钙为原料制备了两性木素絮凝剂LSDC，并将LSDC用于活性艳蓝X-BR、活性黄X-R、活性紫K-3R、活性黑K-BR等多种模拟染料废水的脱色处理。讨论了LSDC投加量和溶液pH值对不同染料脱色效果的影响。实验结果说明，ISDC对各染料的脱色率在投加量0～150mg／L范围内脱色率随投加量增大而增大，同时投加量增加可能引起废水COD。的提高，需控制适当的投加量范围，在投加量不大时不会造成二次污染。染料所含活性基因数目和种类对脱色效果也有较大影响，对实验中涉及的几种活性染料，活性基团数目越多，絮凝脱色量越小。在pH4～8的范围内，活性艳蓝X-BR、活性黄X-R、活性紫K-3R、活性黑K-BR的脱色率分别可达83．7％，99．39％，98．25％和82．13％。     

H2O2/Fe3+系统氧化活性染料废水的研究

采用H2O2／Fe^3 系统对商业染料活性红(FN-2BL red)、活性蓝(C—R blue)和活性黄(C-2R yellow)配制的废水进行了脱色研究．结果表明,当染料质量浓度为400mg／L时,pH值为2．5,H2O2质量浓度为646mg／L,F^3 浓度是0．25mmol／L,反应温度在60℃,反应20min,3种活性染料废水的色度去除率均达到99％以上;在以上优化的脱色工艺条件下,通过正交试验以COD去除率为指标确定最佳降解工艺条件．结果表明,初始DH值为2．5,过氧化氢质量浓度对于活性红、活性蓝和活性黄废水分别为850、782、646mg／L,Fe^3 浓度为1mmol／L,反应温度为60℃,反应60min．在最优工艺条件下,活性红、活性蓝和活性黄废水的COD去除率分别达到93．6％、94．5％和96．3％．     

废弃皮胶原纤维固载金属离子吸附剂对阴离子型染料废水的脱色

以废弃皮屑为原材料,分别将Al（Ⅲ）、Fe（Ⅲ）和ZK（Ⅳ）结合在皮胶原纤维上,制备出一类新型生物质吸附剂——皮胶原纤维固载金属离子吸附剂（MLCF）．实验证明,MLCF有相当高的金属离子固载率,其收缩温度和等电点明显高于皮胶原纤维,且具有松散的表面结构和较大的比表面积．其中皮胶原纤维固载Fe（Ⅲ）吸附剂（FLCF）和皮胶原纤维固载Zr（Ⅳ）吸附剂（ZLCF）在pH3．0-11．0的范围内稳定性好,通过研究其对水体中三种阴离子型染料（酸性嫩黄G、直接黄R和活性艳蓝KN—R）的吸附去除,发现ZLCF的吸附容量和去除率均比FLCF的大,ZLCF对酸性嫩黄G、直接黄R和活性艳蓝KN—R的吸附容量分别达439．6、388．9和368．9mg／g,1．2g／L用量的ZLCF对这三种染料（初始浓度为100mg／L）的去除率均大于85％．FLCF和ZLCF固定床均显示出较高的吸附利用率,其中ZLCF固定床对酸性嫩黄G、直接黄R和活性艳蓝KN-R的吸附穿透点分别达110、64和250床层体积．     

自腐菌Pleurotus ostreatus漆酶对蒽醌染料SN4R脱色研究

利用白腐菌Pleurotus ostreatus324粗漆酶和纯漆酶进行蒽醌染料SN4R的脱色研究．粗漆酶可使蒽醌染料SN4R脱色，最适脱色pH、温度和漆酶酶活分别为4．0、40℃和30IU／mL,12h染料脱色率为55％,纯漆酶不能使SN4R脱色，但小分子介体物质可介导纯漆酶对染料SN4R的氧化脱色．在最适条件下4h染料脱色率可达80．6％．粗漆酶添加适当浓度的介体物质，可使染料完全脱色。因此，小分子还原介体物质的存在有助于染料废水的降解和脱色。     

活性艳蓝KN-R染料溶液微波催化脱色研究

在载硫酸镍活性炭存在下,微波照射能使活性艳蓝KN-R溶液迅速脱色,每克载硫酸镍活性炭处理50mL、300mg/L的活性艳蓝KN-R溶液,微波辐照3min脱色率可达97.2%。实验结果表明,微波辐射下活性艳蓝KN-R在催化剂表面被氧化而降解。     

电催化氧化降解活性红紫X-2R染料废水的研究

采用复极性三维三相电极反应装置对活性红紫X-2R染料进行了电催化氧化降解试验,分析了外加电压、主电极极间距、电流密度、初始pH值、曝气量等因素对降解效果的影响,确定了最佳工艺条件:外加电压30 V,电流密度28 mA/cm2,主电极极间距5 cm,初始pH值6,曝气量3 L/min,初始质量浓度为400 mg/L的染料废水经50 min电催化氧化后,脱色率与COD的去除率分别达99.1%和93.5%.     

电催化氧化降解活性红紫X-2R染料废水的研究

采用复极性三维三相电极反应装置对活性红紫X-2R染料进行了电催化氧化降解试验,分析了外加电压、主电极极间距、电流密度、初始pH值、曝气量等因素对降解效果的影响,确定了最佳工艺条件：外加电压30 V,电流密度28 mA/cm2,主电极极间距5 cm,初始pH值6,曝气量3 L/min,初始质量浓度为400 mg/L的染料废水经50 min电催化氧化后,脱色率与COD的去除率分别达99.1%和93.5%.     

两性木素絮凝剂用于模拟染料废水的脱色处理研究

以木质素磺酸钙为原料制备了两性木素絮凝剂LSDC,并将LSDC用于活性艳蓝X-BR、活性黄X-R、活性紫K-3R、活性黑K-BR等多种模拟染料废水的脱色处理.讨论了LSDC投加量和溶液pH值对不同染料脱色效果的影响.实验结果说明,LSDC对各染料的脱色率在投加量0～150 mg/L范围内脱色率随投加量增大而增大,同时投加量增加可能引起废水CODCr的提高,需控制适当的投加量范围,在投加量不大时不会造成二次污染.染料所含活性基因数目和种类对脱色效果也有较大影响,对实验中涉及的几种活性染料,活性基团数目越多,絮凝脱色量越小.在pH 4～8的范围内,活性艳蓝X-BR、活性黄X-R、活性紫K-3R、活性黑K-BR的脱色率分别可达83.7%,99.39%,98.25%和82.13%.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.