不同配筋方式开孔梁抗剪性能试验研究

文章通过四根矩形开孔梁和一根实腹梁的对比试验,观察了在梁的弯剪区段开定位孔的情况下配置不同方式补强钢筋的开孔梁裂缝的出现、发展和最终破坏形态。通过测试钢筋及混凝土试件表面的应变,进行分析研究,得出可提高混凝土开孔梁抗剪性能的补强筋的配筋方式。     

不同配筋方式开孔梁抗剪性能试验研究

文章通过四根矩形开孔梁和一根实腹梁的对比试验，观察了在梁的弯剪区段开定位孔的情况下配置不同方式补强钢筋的开孔梁裂缝的出现、发展和最终破坏形态。通过测试钢筋及混凝土试件表面的应变，进行分析研究，得出可提高混凝土开孔梁抗剪性能的补强筋的配筋方式。     

开孔梁的优化配筋方式研究

文章通过8根矩形开孔梁和1根实腹梁的对比试验，分析了在梁的弯剪区段开定位孔情况下，配置不同方式补强钢筋开孔粱的裂缝出现、发展和最终破坏形态及试件表明的应变，探讨了提高混凝土开孔粱抗剪强度的补强钢筋优化配筋方式。     

钢筋混凝土开孔梁抗剪承载力计算

通过5根不同开孔尺寸和不同补强方式的框架梁端开圆孔的钢筋混凝土梁的试验,研究了梁端开孔梁的破坏特点,根据试验结果,参照我国现行规范,对目前国内部分学者提出的框架梁端开圆孔的钢筋混凝土梁孔处受剪破坏的承载力计算公式进行了分析探讨.     

钢筋砼T形开圆孔梁抗剪性能的试验研究

本文通过六根T形截面开孔梁的剪切破坏试验,主要研究在梁剪跨区腹部开横向圆孔洞对梁抗剪性能的影响。试验的主要参数有:孔洞直径的大小、孔洞之间的相互距离,孔洞的位置等。文中根据试验结果,分析讨论了孔洞对梁斜裂缝形成和发展的影响,对承载能力的影响。通过对试验数据的分析处理,把钢筋砼实腹梁的强度计算公式予以修正,使之适用于T形开圆孔梁的计算。     

复合材料工字梁开孔应力及补强分析

运用有限元商用软件ABAQUS,分析了剪载荷下腹板开孔的复合材料翼梁的孔边应力分布及开孔补强性能.在应力分析中,讨论了开孔间距,开孔距离梁下缘条的高度及开孔形状对孔边应力分布的影响.研究表明开孔间距、开孔距离梁下缘条的高度及开孔形状对孔边应力集中程度都有影响,但是开孔距梁下缘条的高度和开孔形状影响较大;补强能降低开孔处的应力,提高结构承载能力.包边补强效果最好,双侧贴片补强次之,单侧贴片补强效果最弱.补强材料刚度越大,补强效果越好.     

混凝土(RC/PC)开孔梁裂缝开展特性的研究

现代建筑结构中有许多辅助设施 ,目前这些辅助设施的管道一般都从梁下交错穿过 ,这样 ,势必增加了层高 ,尤其对高层建筑来讲 ,就大大增加了建筑物的总高度和自重 为了解决这个问题就出现了开孔梁 ,让管道从孔中穿过 目前对混凝土开孔梁的研究 ,主要集中在强度方面 ,对使用性能如裂缝的研究涉及较少 笔者通过对十根混凝土开孔梁的对比试验分析 ,对开孔梁抗裂特点及裂缝开展的规律进行了定性分析及定量研究 ,并建议采用名义拉应力法计算开孔梁裂缝宽度 ,计算结果表明 ,本文所示方法简便、适用 ,可直接应用于工程设计     

钢筋混凝土T形截面开孔梁抗剪性能的分析与配筋设计

本文在钢筋混凝土T形截面开孔梁试验的基础上,分析了斜截面的抗剪性能,提出了对不同孔径开孔梁抗的配筋设计方法,设计与试验数据基本符合。     

无腹筋混合配筋混凝土梁抗剪性能试验研究

对1组无腹筋混合配筋(GFRP筋(glass fiberreinforced polymer)和钢筋)混凝土梁抗剪性能进行了试验研究.所有试验梁均为三分点加载,剪跨比为2.54和2.67.12根试验梁按有效配筋率分为3组,共包括3根钢筋混凝土梁,3根GFRP筋梁和6根GFRP筋和钢筋混合配筋梁.所有试验梁均为斜拉破坏.分析了试验梁的荷载-挠度关系,裂缝开展及抗剪承载力,并将各设计规范或指南的抗剪承载力预测值与试验结果对比.试验表明,有效配筋率相同的钢筋混凝土梁、混合配筋混凝土梁和GFRP筋梁具有相近的抗剪承载力.钢筋与FRP(fiber reinforced polymer)筋轴向刚度比对抗剪性能影响较小.规范Eurocode 2—04及CSA A23.3—04的抗剪承载力预测结果与试验结果符合度较好,而规范ACI440.1R—06,JSCE及CSAS6—06的预测结果偏保守.     

碳纤维加固一次受力钢筋混凝土梁试验研究

通过4根完好的钢筋混凝土矩形截面简支梁的抗剪试验,对用CFRP补强一次受力钢筋混凝土梁斜截面强度的力学性能进行了试验研究,证明用CFRP补强钢筋混凝土梁斜截面强度效果良好.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-