铌酸铋钠压电陶瓷超细粉体的水热合成

以NaOH、Bi2 O3和Nb2O5为原料,KOH为矿化剂,通过乙二醇采用水热法合成了结晶度高、晶粒发育完整的Na1.5Bi2.5Nb3 O12粉体.借助XRD分析了反应温度和反应时间对其相结构的影响,并通过SEM分析了Na1.5Bi2.5Nb3 O12晶粒形貌.实验结果表明:在反应温度为160℃、反应时间为18h的条件下,可得到厚度约50 nm、直径约为200 nm的片层结构纯相Na1.5Bi2.5 Nb3 O12粉体.     

添加物对SrTiO_3基高压电容器陶瓷的改性作用

本文研究了Bi2O3·nTiO2、Pb2 、Mn2 和Zn2 对SrTiO3基高压电容器陶瓷的改性作用,获得了2B4组的高压电容器瓷料,其性能指标如下:ε20℃=2000±100　　　tgδ≤50×10-4　　　ρv>1011Ω·cmΔε/ε20℃<±10%Ts=1200±10℃Eb>9kV/mm     

掺钕钛酸铋纳米结构的水热合成研究

以Bi（NO3）3&#183;5H2O,Nd（NO2）3&#183;6H2O和Ti（OC4H9）4为原料,NaOH为矿化剂,采用水热法合成铋层状钙钛矿掺钕钛酸铋（Bi3.15Nd0.85Ti3O12,BNdT）纳米结构．利用X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）表征产物的晶相和形貌．研究反应温度、矿化剂浓度和反应时间对水热合成BNdT纳米结构的影响．结果表明,在适当的水热反应条件下能有效合成BNdT纳米结构,在反应温度为150℃、175℃、200℃和220℃时分别形成球状、球状与片状共存、棒状和片状产物．     

电脱氧Nb2O5制取金属铌

以Nb2O5粉末烧结片为阴极,以石墨为阳极,在CaC12-NaCl熔盐电解质中对Nb2O5进行电脱氧,获得金属铌.对不同密度的Nb2O5粉末烧结阴极的制取以及烧结阴极密度对电脱氧Nb2O5的影响进行研究.结果表明,阴极片的烧结密度对Nb2O5在CaC12-NaCl熔盐中的电脱氧有着极其重要的影响,烧结密度越低,电解起始电流越大,并且在电脱氧过程中电流也越大;在相同电解时间内,阴极产物中残余氧化物化合价随阴极片密度的降低而降低;Nb2 O5粉末在8 MPa压力下成型,1 150℃下烧结8 h,所得的阴极片具有较好的电化学活性;在850℃下电解150 min,Nb2 O5可完全被还原;电脱氧反应速度会随电解时间的延长而逐渐减慢.实验结果表明,电脱氧是氧化物粉末颗粒与熔盐电解质接触、反应和电离的过程,Nb2O5的电脱氧过程是分步进行的,其中间产物是铌的一系列低价氧化物,即Nb5+→Nb4+→Nb2+→Nb.     

一步室温固相化学反应法合成CuO纳米粉体

研究了以CuSO4·5H2 O ,CuCl2 ·2H2 O ,Cu(NO3) 2 ·3H2 O ,Cu(gly) 2 ·H2 O与NaOH为反应物 ,用一步室温固相化学反应合成CuO纳米粉体的 4个反应体系 ,用透射电镜 (TEM)和X射线衍射 (XRD)对产物进行表征 .表明产物CuO(Ⅱ )化合物与NaOH经室温固相化学反应得到单斜晶纳米CuO .另还从研磨方式、反应配比及反应体系等方面对影响产物粒径大小及分散性的因素进行了探讨     

弱碱并流沉淀法制备纳米氧化铋

以Bi( NO3)3·5H2O为原料,利用弱碱并流沉淀法制备Bi2O3粉体,实验结果表明最佳的工艺条件为:反应温度为30℃,Bi(NO3)3溶液的浓度为0.20 mol/L,最佳反应pH为8.XRD分析结果表明产物为α - Bi2O3,晶粒尺寸约为34 nm.     

先驱体法合成LaPNYT烧成温度的研究

从实验的角度发现采用先驱体 Nb YO4 及采用 Ti O2 和 La2 O3 与 Pb O进行固相反应合成 ( Pb0 .95La0 .0 5) ( ( Nb0 .5Y0 .5) 0 .55Ti0 .4 5) O3 钙钛矿陶瓷。试样随合成温度和烧成温度的变化有程度不同的收缩现象。     

CeVO_4功能材料快速合成的研究

采用急热的固相反应法,以低熔点的氧化物V_2O_5作为反应物,快速制备了的CeVO_4功能材料。对于CeVO_4在不同反应温度下产物的生成情况,用X射线衍射仪和扫描电镜分别对产物物质相的组成和微观形貌进行分析和表征。当固相反应温度为600℃时,在产物中发现有CeVO_4,CeO_2和V_2O_5的XRD衍射峰;当反应温度为800℃时,产物中主晶相为CeVO_4,次晶相含有极其微量的CeO_2;当反应温度高于900℃时,产物中只有CeVO_4。结果表明该急热法可有效地抑制低熔点反应物V_2O_5在CeVO_4功能材料高温固相反应中的挥发。     

ZnC2O4·2H2O和CuC2O4·2H2O纳米晶的超声波固相化学反应合成与结构表征

在近室温下通过固相反应合成ZnC2 O4·2H2 O和CuC2 O4·2H2 O纳米超细化合物 ,用X射线粉末衍射 (XRD)和透射电子显微镜 (TEM)对其物相、晶粒形貌和晶粒大小进行了表征 .结果表明 ,所得产物为颗粒大小均匀、平均粒径分别为 30nm和 4 0nm左右的纳米粉体     

熔盐法制备Bi_(1.5)ZnNb_(1.5)O_7陶瓷

以Bi2O3,ZnO和Nb2O5为原料,KCl为熔盐,采用熔盐法和传统无压烧结工艺合成了单相Bi1.5ZnNb1.5O7陶瓷.XRD和SEM分析表明,在950～1 000℃合成了单相Bi1.5ZnNb1.5O7粉体.研究了不同工艺条件对Bi1.5ZnNb1.5O7陶瓷烧结特性、相组成、微观组织和介电性能的影响.随温度的升高,介电常数先增大后减小,介电损耗变化与之相反.在1 050℃烧结2 h后Bi1.5ZnNb1.5O7陶瓷介电性能最佳:εr≈155(1 MHz),tanδ≈3.1×10-3.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-