超高相对分子质量聚乙烯纤维的表面粘结性能研究

在萃取阶段用表面改性剂溶液对超高相对分子质量聚乙烯（UHMWPE）冻胶纤维进行表面处理，然后经过多级热拉伸制得改性纤维。对萃取液进行了紫外吸光度分析，并对改性前后纤维的表面化学结构、力学性能和表面粘结性能进行了比较。结果表明；经表面处理的纤维表面引入许多极性基团，纤维粘结强度随拉伸倍数增加而提高，纤维粘结性能得到较大改善；表面处理对纤维的力学性能影响不大。其中EVA的改性效果最为明显，3级拉伸后纤维的粘结强度提高了100％．     

Enhancement of Adhesive Strength of Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polyethylene Fibers Prepared by Polar Polymer Implantation

A new technique was proposed to enhance the adhesive strength of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene （UHMWPE） fibers. Polar polymer was implanted into UHMWE gel fibers during extracting process and can then be trapped on the surface of the fibers after subsequent ultra-drawing. The physical and chemical changes in the fiber structure were examined with scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and Fourier transform infrared （FTIR） spectroscopy. The mechanical and interfacial adhesion properties of UHMWPE fibers were investigated with tensile testing. The results showed that there were polar groups on the smface of pretreated UHMWPE fiber. The interracial shear strength of UHMWPE fibers with epoxy resin was greatly improved without sacrificing the excellent mechanical p~perties of fibers. After pretreated with ethylene/vinyl acetate copolymer （EVA）, the shear strength of the interface between fiber and epoxy resin increased from 1.06 to 2.49 MPa, while the integrated mechanical properties d the pretreated UHMWPE fibers were still optimal.     

The Surface Properties and Tensile Strength of HSPE Fiber Treated by Controlling Oxidation in Chromic Acid

This work reported on the surface modification of high strength polyethylene(HSPE)fiber by chemical etching in chromic acid.The surface chemistry,the functional group contents, the wetting ability, the surface morphology and the tensile strength of modified fibers were investigated. The results show that, the surface roughness,surface wet properties and active functional group can be introduced on the HSPE fiber surface by this method,which will improve the interface adhesion in the composites, and the decrease of the tensile strength of modified fibers can be controlled.     

NiTi纤维表面处理对其树脂基复合材料 力学性能的影响

为了提高基于NiTi纤维与树脂复合材料的拉伸、冲击、弯曲性能,采用硝酸、硅烷偶联剂、异氰酸酯涂层以及低温等离子体与硅烷偶联剂联合处理等方法对NiTi纤维表面进行处理,增强纤维与树脂间的界面黏结. 研究表明: NiTi纤维经不同方法处理后,其环氧树脂复合材料的层间剪切强度提高了10.90%～44.74%. 低温等离子体处理的NiTi纤维再经硅烷处理,其环氧树脂复合材料的拉伸性能、冲击性能、弯曲性能分别提高了88.81%, 98.43%和45.55%,且纤维与树脂黏合较好.     

Adhesion of PBO Fiber in Epoxy Composites

The high mechanical and thermal performance of poly p-phenylene- 2, 6-benzobisoxazole ( PBO ) fiber provides great potential applications as reinforcement fibers for composites. A composite of PBO fiber and epoxy resin has excellent electrical insulation properties, therefore, it is considered to be the best choice for the reinforcement in high magnetic field coils for pulsed magnetic fields up to 100 T.However, poor adhesion between PBO fiber and matrix is found because of the chemically inactive and/or relatively smooth surface of the reinforcement fiber preventing efficient chemical bonding in the interface, which is a challenging issue to improve mechanical properties. Here, we report the surface modification of PBO fibers by ultraviolet (UV)irradiation, O2 and NH3 plasma, as well as acidic treatments. The interfacial adhesion strength values of all the treatments show the similar level as determined for aramid fibers by pull-out tests, a significant impact on fibermatrix-adhesion was not achieved. The surface free energy and roughness are increased for both sized and extracted fibers after plasma treatments together with maleic anhydride grafting. The sized fiber shows marginal improvement in adhesion strength and no change in fiber tensile strength because of the barrier effect of the finish.For the extracted fiber, different surface treatments either show no apparent effect or cause reduction in adhesion strength. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) topography analysis of the fracture surfaces proved adhesive failure at the fiber surface. The fiber surface roughness is increased and more surface flaws are induced, which could result in coarse interface structures when the treated fiber surface has no adequate wetting and functional groups. The adhesion failure is further confirmed by similar adhesion strength and compression shear strength values when the fiber was embedded in various epoxy resins with different temperature behavior. The tensile strength of fiber is sensitive to surface treatment conditions as revealed by a bimodal Weibull statistical distribution analysis. Considerable strength reduction occurred, particularly for cases of acidic and plasma treatments, while UV irradiation shows the better ability to retain fiber strength.     

NiTi合金纤维表面处理对树脂基复合材料界面剪切性能的影响

采用表面涂层和低温冷等离子体技术等多种方法对NiTi合金纤维表面进行预处理,改善纤维表面的浸润性,达到纤维与树脂界面很好的粘结,对样品进行界面剪切强度的测定,并用电镜观察纤维表面形貌的变化。实验结果表明:NiTi合金纤维经不同方法处理后,纤维的浸润性和界面的粘结强度有不同程度的改变,而经过列克纳涂层处理的样品剪切强度有很大的提高,通过电镜的扫描图片可以看到纤维的表面粘有大量的树脂,达到了很好的粘合。     

不同改性尼龙短纤维增强天然橡胶复合材料的性能研究

用偶联剂KH550、KH560、KH570、NXT和H₃PO₄刻蚀对尼龙短纤维进行表面改性,将改性后的尼龙短纤维与天然橡胶制成母炼胶,然后用母炼胶制备尼龙短纤维-天然橡胶复合材料。通过力学性能测试以及RPA检测等手段,分析不同偶联剂和H₃PO₄刻蚀改性尼龙短纤维对复合材料综合性能的影响,发现用偶联剂KH570处理尼龙短纤维是改善复合材料综合性能较好的方法。在偶联剂KH570处理的尼龙短纤维基础之上添加不同相溶剂制备复合材料,通过力学性能测试分析不同相溶剂对综合性能的影响。并用扫描电镜(SEM)对复合材料断口形貌进行观察和分析,发现添加进口相溶剂能有效提高偶联剂KH570处理的尼龙短纤维在天然橡胶中的分散性,同时也能减少复合材料表面的孔洞即提高了尼龙短纤维与天然橡胶之间的界面粘结力。     

偶联剂对PBO纤维/树脂界面粘接性能的影响

研究了5种偶联剂及其中的最佳偶联剂的质量分数对聚苯撑苯并二口亚唑（PBO）纤维/树脂复合材料界面粘接性能的影响，研究结果表明，PBO纤维经偶联剂处理后，与树脂/基体间的相容性和化学反应活性得到改善，从而提高了PBO纤维/树脂复合材料界面的粘接强度，其提高的幅度与偶联剂的极性、化学结构及质量分数无有关，最高可达61.3%。     

Fabrication and Application of High Quality Diamond-coated Tools

Diamond-coated tools were fabricated using Co-cemented carbide inserts as substrates by the electronically aided hot filament chemical vapor deposition (EACVD). An amount of additive in an acid solution was used to promote the Co etching of the substrate surface. The surface of the WC-Co substrate was decarburized by microwave plasma with Ar-H 2 gas. Effect of the new substrate pretreatment on the adhesion of diamond films was investigated. A boron-doped solution was brushed on the tool surface to diffuse ...     

化学镀法制备电磁屏蔽聚酯织物的研究

为开发具有电磁屏蔽作用的织物,采用化学镀法制备了具有电磁屏蔽性能的聚酯类化纤织物,并研究了化学处理方法——碱减量处理对涤纶织物表面化学镀层的性能及化学镀后织物的电磁屏蔽性能的影响。研究表明,在20g/LNaOH溶液中处理既可使纤维表面形成微观凹坑,增大比表面积,又可改非极性的疏水表面为亲水表面,提高表面活性,提高敏化和活化时金属离子和金属在纤维表面的吸附性,在化学镀过程中使基体与金属形成平整的结合。碱减量处理2～3h有利于提高镀层与织物结合牢度,并使镀层光亮均匀,电磁屏蔽性能更加优异。     

长玻璃纤维增强PET复合材料界面的研究

为促进PET在玻璃纤维表面的接枝反应，将长玻璃纤维增强PET热塑性复合材料的预浸料进行热处理，用短粱三点弯曲测定了长玻纤增强PET复合材料的层间剪切强度，采用红外光谱分析、扫描电镜、裂解气相色谱质谱联用等手段对增强纤维表面的化学结构进行了分析。结果表明经过热处理可以提高复合材料的界面粘合强度，而此良好的界面粘合强度源于PET分子链在玻璃纤维表面的接枝反应。     

改性聚对苯撑苯并双噁唑纤维增强聚酰亚胺复合材料的摩擦磨损性能

分别采用稀土溶液（RES）和偶联剂对聚对苯撑苯并双噁唑（PBO）纤维进行表面改性处理,并评价了改性前后PBO与热塑性聚酰亚胺（TPI）复合材料的冲击性能和摩擦磨损性能.结果表明,RES和偶联剂都能够提高PBO纤维与TPI基体之间的界面结合性能,从而提高PBO/TPI复合材料的冲击性能和摩擦磨损性能,而且RES改性处理的方法更有效,在相同的试验条件下,经过RES处理的PBO/TPI复合材料的冲击性能和摩擦磨损性能最优.这是由于经RES改性处理后PBO纤维表面O/C的比率较大,表明RES改性处理PBO纤维表面的含氧活性官能团浓度较高,从而有效提高了纤维与树脂基体之间的结合性能.     

Study on Bombyx mori silk treated by oxygen plasma

Study of the morphology, aggregation structure and properties of Bombyx mori silk treated by low temperature oxygen plasma showed that slight flutes appeared on the surface of Bombyx mori silk fiber and that its surface structure changed after plasma treatment. The conformation also changed and crystalline degree decreased. The stannic filling rate of treated fiber was improved. Because of etching, the weight of the fiber decreased but the breaking strength changed little after short-time treatment.     

金属基橡塑模具抗黏附表面制备的研究进展

如何降低橡塑模具与制品间的黏附力、构建具有抗黏附性能的表面是橡塑模具行业的发展重点和主要任务之一。对近年来国内外关于模具抗黏附性能研究的相关情况进行了综合评述,从表面粗糙度、表面功能层和表面微观结构等角度阐述了模具抗黏附表面制备的发展历程。重点讨论了激光/等离子体刻蚀法、阳极氧化法、电化学沉积法、化学/电化学腐蚀法、物理/化学沉积法、模板法、复合法等抗黏附表面制备的方法,同时对当前金属基体上制备抗黏附表面所面临的问题进行了分析,提出了未来该领域的研究方向和发展前景。     

碳纤维的丙烯酸电聚合涂层及其复合材料的界面

丙烯酸10%水溶液,于25℃下,经电引发后在碳纤维表面发生聚合反应。采用FT-IR、~(13)C-NMR、XPS、SME和元素分析等方法对所发生的电聚合反应和成为涂层的高聚物进行了表征和鉴定。结果表明:涂层/碳纤维界面粘合层中存在物理吸附和化学键合或端聚物。而涂层/基体界面层是化学键合。     

化学刻蚀法在PVC/CaCO3复合材料显微结构研究中的应用

针对未经刻蚀处理所制备的SEM样品在研究PVC/CaCO3复合材料显微结构时的缺陷--碳酸钙填料和聚氯乙烯基体间较小的光学反差使电镜下很难辨别填料在基体中的分散状况,首次将化学刻蚀法引入PVC/CaCO3复合材料的微观结构研究中.结果表明:化学刻蚀制样法令碳酸钙粒子在PVC基体中的分散结构变得直观可视,为PVC/CaCO3材料的性能研究和质量控制提供了可靠的材料学图像依据,为高聚物/无机粒子复合材料的微观结构研究开拓了新思路.该方法可应用于其它类似复合材料的研究.     

Interface enhancement of glass fiber/unsaturated polyester resin composites with nano-silica treated using silane coupling agent

Nano-silica treated with different kinds of coupling agent(KH550, A-143, A-151) was used to modify the surface condition of glass fiber, and then, the modified glass fiber/ unsaturated polyester resin(UPR) composites materials were prepared. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM), dynamic mechanical analysis(DMA), and impact test were used to characterize the composite materials' structure and properties. The morphology of composite materials shows that the adhesion between nano-silica and glass fiber is improved when silane coupling agent is added in. The DMA and impact test results show that silane coupling agent(especially KH550 and A-151) could effectively improve the composite's mechanical properties. When the dose of KH550 was 0.1%(m ︰m), the storage modulus and impact strength reached the maximum.     

Improving the Interfacial Mechanical Property of Fiber Reinforced Cement with Dielectric Barrier Discharge 2: Morphological and Compositional Changes of the Fiber Surface

The morphological and compositional changes of the PP fibers pretreated with dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) are investigated with SEM, XPS and IR. The result shows that the etching effect is the main reason for the improvement of the result of pull-out test of the fiber-cement composite reported in a previous paper and the oxidation of the fiber surface also favors the adhesion between the fiber and the matrix.     

苯并噁嗪/环氧树脂基耐高温防火复合材料的制备与性能研究

采用无溶剂法合成了双酚A型苯并噁嗪树脂(BOZ),添加成碳剂后与环氧树脂共固化制备耐高温树脂基体,并用该树脂基体与玻璃纤维布制备了耐高温防火复合材料。表征了噁嗪树脂的结构以及噁嗪树脂与环氧树脂的固化特性,采用TG-DTA研究了固化体系的耐热性;对添加不同成碳剂的树脂基体及其复合材料在1000℃火焰中燃烧,研究了成碳剂对材料残碳率和碳层形貌的影响。结果表明,树脂基体分解放热峰的峰顶温度为670℃;当加入质量分数5%复配成碳剂时,树脂基体残碳率为68.83%;其玻璃纤维增强的复合材料在1000℃火焰中燃烧15min后残碳率为25.82%,碳层均匀附着在玻璃纤维表面,起到隔热和烧蚀作用,使复合材料具有良好的短效防火性。     

短碳纤维增强尼龙6复合材料的制备与研究

碳纤维复合材料是通过双螺杆反应挤出机复合制备,研究了复合材料的微结构和力学性能,碳纤维的扫描电镜照片显示,处理后的碳纤维较未处理碳纤维有更好的表面粗糙度。复合材料断面照片显示处理后的碳纤维和基体尼龙6材料有着很好的界面结合。复合材料的力学性能得到提高,其拉伸强度和拉伸模量分别提高了33%和50%。