预吸胀温度对黄瓜种子活力和冷能力的影响

预吸胀处理能明显提高黄瓜种子活力、萌发率及抗冷能力。其机理为抑制肿子物质渗漏和膜脂过氧化作用，增强呼吸强度及ＴＴＣ还原力。同时发现，虽然在４℃和１５℃下预吸胀均可以明显提高种子活力和抗能力，但１５℃时效果更好。     

聚乙二醇渗透处理对马尾松种子活力的影响

研究了聚乙二醇（ＰＥＧ）渗透处理对马尾松种子活力的影响,通过正交试验设计,比较了不同分子量、浓度和处理时间组合对马尾松种子活力的影响,筛选出最佳处理组合。用ＰＥＧ最佳处理组合Ｈ２Ｏ２处理马尾松种子,发现对马尾松种子活力有显影响。试验还发现,ＰＥＧ渗透处理能提高马尾松种子的抗吸胀冷害能力。     

花生种子萌发早期事件与活力的关系

花生种子萌发早期,不同活力胚轴的呼吸模式与吸水模式对应一致。吸胀初始活力低的种子吸水快,呼吸强度也高,停滞期后则活力高的种子吸水迅速,呼吸强度亦高。预吸胀处理减轻种子的渗漏,浸泡液的电导率和紫外吸收物质的数值下降,细胞的修复效率与种子活力有关。胚轴的膜脂不饱和度与种子活力亦呈正相关。Ca~(2 )与PAs处理可改善膜透性,减少渗漏,增加膜脂不饱和度。     

果蝇对冷、热极限温度耐受能力的研究

以野生型黑腹果蝇(Drosophila melanogaster)为基本实验材料．统计分析了非致死的冷、热预刺激对果蝇耐极限温度能力的影响．并用SDS-PAGE电泳研究了冷、热刺激后热休克蛋白的表达情况．实验发现．冷、热预刺激能提高果蝇在同类温度下的耐受水平．同时，高、低温具有交互作用．即冷预刺激提高了果蝇在高温下的存活率．在0℃下．果蝇体内22、23、26、27、42、51、52及70kD的蛋白质出现增量表达；37℃下70、83kD的蛋白质表达量增多．推测上述增效作用可能是这些蛋白质引起的．     

高压静电场对水稻干湿种子生物学效应的影响

用高压静电场分别处理干的水稻种子和30℃预浸种吸水24h的水稻种子,计算种子的活力指数、发芽指数、幼苗干重,研究电场处理对2种水稻种子活力的影响是否有差异.结果表明：水稻种子吸水24h后,种子吸胀结束,开始进入萌发阶段,经电场处理后种子的发芽指数、幼苗干重和活力指数显著高于对照.而经电场处理的水稻干种子活力与对照相比无显著差异.种子的吸水程度显著影响高压静电场对水稻种子的生物学效应.     

汽车模拟碰撞吸能器的仿真分析及试验

介绍了自行设计的汽车模拟碰撞吸能器的特点及原理，利用LS—DYNA有限元分析软件对吸能器的波形复现原理进行了仿真分析，利用销柱间钢筋预变形产生阻尼力，改变钢筋的属性并调节钢筋的类型、数量、长度和位置，改变钢筋预变形量，复现出不同车重、不同碰撞车速所期望的减速度波形．通过仿真分析，对汽车碰撞模拟吸能器进行了改进：减小钢筋直径；钢筋预变形量做成可调式，根据需要调节预变形量．在达到同等阻尼效果时通过增加钢筋根数，提高了系统的微调能力和模拟波形的精度．仿真与试验结果的比较表明：汽车模拟碰撞吸能器仿真模型复现的波形和吸能器碰撞的试验波形吻合较好，验证了吸能器仿真模型的正确性，为吸能器的优化提供了依据，缩短了调试时间，提高了波形复现的精度．     

吸胀玉米种子脱水耐性变化与活性氧清除酶活性的关系

以吸胀的玉米种子为材料 ,研究了种子吸胀过程中脱水耐性的变化以及预吸胀胚在随后的脱水过程中生活力 ,电解质渗漏速率 ,MDA含量和活性氧清除酶 (SOD ,POD ,CAT)活性的变化。 2 5℃下玉米种子脱水耐性丧失 5 0 %的吸胀时间为 33h ,丧失 10 0 %的时间为 5 8h。吸胀时间越长 ,脱水耐性丧失越明显 ,活性氧清除酶活性越容易被脱水所降低。完全丧失脱水耐性 (吸胀 5 8h)的玉米胚活性氧清除酶活性在脱水过程中的变化趋势与顽拗性种子黄皮 ,荔枝等相似 ,但部分丧失脱水耐性玉米胚的变化趋势则与之有一定的差异。未丧失或部分丧失脱水耐性 (吸胀 2 4h ,35h)的玉米胚MDA含量在脱水过程中呈降低 -升高 -降低的变化趋势 ,完全丧失脱水耐性胚 (吸胀 5 8h)的MDA含量在脱水前期开始上升 ,以后则随脱水而逐步下降。     

稀土对薏苡种子活力及产量因素的影响

研究了稀土浸种对薏苡种子活力及构成产量因素的影响，结果表明稀土浸种能明显促进薏苡种子活力，并提高构成产量的因素，浸种浓度以０．００５ｇ．Ｌ＾－１和０．０５ｇ．Ｌ＾－１最好。     

PEG处理对瓜尔豆种子低温萌发和成苗的影响

用25％的PEG分别在100℃或15℃的条件下处理瓜尔豆种子1—3天。结果表明：PEG处理后直接播种可促进瓜尔豆种子的萌发，但15℃的处理抑制了幼苗的生长；PEG处理结束后再放入0～4℃的条件下冷浸17h，可促进幼苗的生长，但15℃处理抑制了瓜尔豆种子的萌发，而10℃处理促进了种子的萌发；低温季节，浸种后再冷浸可明显提高瓜尔豆种子的活力；播前4h，10℃以上的预浸处理可减轻或避免瓜尔豆种子在吸胀阶段的低温冷害。     

黄山松种子发芽率及活力的测定

采用综合逆境法、对采自安徽黄山风景区的黄山松种子进行发芽率及综合逆境活力的测定。结果表明：黄山松种子的发芽率为２１．６％,综合逆境活力为１５．５％,黄山松种子的发芽率及种子活力均较低,在一定程度上影响了黄山松的繁殖和更新能力。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-