20世纪中国文学反思笔谈

20世纪作为一段历史即将逝去,而在这20世纪末的中国,随着社会主义节场经济体制的确立,又的确使中国社会的政治、经济、文化等各个方面发生了深刻的变化,因而在这世纪末的今天,我们有可能将20世纪作为一个整体来加以回顾、反思和总结。而且或许由于距离的拉开,我们的回顾、反思和总结将更加准确和深刻。正是在这一背景下,我们组织了这组“20世纪中国文学反思笔谈”,从不同的角度、侧面和立场对20世纪中国文学的历史及其研究状况加以了反思,以期引起学术界、文艺界的进一步探讨,促进21世纪中国文学的建设和发展。     

实践、权力与文化的多样性阐释——人类学的后现代主义转向反思

透过对20世纪80年代以来人类学理论研究历程的回顾和反思,厘清后现代主义人类学的理论脉络。认为20世纪80年代以来,人类学的理论研究发生了深刻变革。社会实践理论、权力理论的发展,导致了人类学理论的后结构主义转向;历史人类学、阐释人类学以及实验民族志的出现,为后现代主义人类学的发展铺平了道路。     

后现代主义研究和评论的回顾

后现代主义是20世纪60年代发生于欧美，后流行于西方的艺术、社会文化与哲学思潮。后现代主义具有不确定性的本质特征，至今众说纷纭，作为历史范畴、文化范畴、思想范畴广泛流传。后现代主义在中国已有不小影响，我们对待后现代主义应采取科学的态度。     

法国年鉴学派述评

法国年鉴学派是20世纪西方史学影响巨大的史学流派，它探讨了社会系统的功能和结构，用多元的时间、空间、人类、化、事件等领域的事实来说明总体的历史，对史学研究和历史方法作出了重大贡献。     

“中国史学:20世纪的遗产和21世纪的前景”研讨会在成都举行

国家教委高师培训交流北京中心与四川省高师培训中心于1996年4月19日7—4月30日在成都四川师大联合举办了“中国史学:20世纪的遗产和21世纪的前景”研讨会.来自北京、河南、湖南、四川、贵州等省市的史界同行汇聚一堂,北京师大博士生导师瞿林东教授作了主题发言,四川联大、四川师大的教授专家们也分别就相关问题提出了自己的观点.与会代表认真总结了20世纪中国的史学遗产,针对21世纪史学人才的培养模式,研究方法的改进、新时期的史学功能以及学风与队伍素质建设等问题作了详尽的讨论.这无疑让世纪之交的中国史学工作者进一步深化了认识,增强了信心.我院政史系讲师陆远权参加了这次研讨会.     

全球视野中的人类疾病演化

人类在分享全球化带来的社会经济发展、物质文化生活水平提高的喜悦之时,也面临全球化引发的多重挑战。且不谈历史上历次瘟疫肆虐造成的巨大破坏,甚至文明的断裂,仅从20世纪初的流感大爆发,20世纪中期的脊髓灰质炎流行,20世纪末的AIDS蔓延以及21世纪初的SARS威胁,我们就能清楚地看到疾病全球化对人类社会而言,是一把高悬的达摩克利斯之剑。     

泰罗科学管理思想对我国企业的借鉴意义

从19世纪末到20世纪初,任美国德瓦尔钢铁公司总工程师的泰罗致力于企业管理改革的研究,并创造了一套科学管理方法,并于1911年出版了理论著作《科学管理原理》,提出以计划、     

回顾与前瞻:澳门的汉语风格研究

总结了20世纪末澳门汉语风格学研究的成就,并展望了21世纪澳门汉语风格学研究的前景。     

中间路线——伊格尔斯眼中的后现代史学

在现今的史学研究领域中,后现代主义可谓方兴未艾,其影响也将不断地深化,能否对其有科学合理的认识将关系历史学科的发展。伊格尔斯《二十世纪的历史学———从科学的客观性到后现代的挑战》一书中有关后现代主义与历史学论述的独到见解,对当今史学界正确、客观地认识后现代史学将有积极的意义。     

中间路线——伊格尔斯眼中的后现代史学

在现今的史学研究领域中,后现代主义可谓方兴未艾,其影响也将不断地深化,能否对其有科学合理的认识将关系历史学科的发展。伊格尔斯《二十世纪的历史学———从科学的客观性到后现代的挑战》一书中有关后现代主义与历史学论述的独到见解,对当今史学界正确、客观地认识后现代史学将有积极的意义。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to