我国河流输沙对海岸和大陆架沉积的影响

我国现代海岸跨越构造沉降带和隆起带。据统计,在沉降带海岸入海的河流,其输沙量占我国人海河流输沙总量的90%以上,而在隆起带沿岸入海者,其输入量不足10%。沉降带沿岸以潮坪沉积为主,并出现巨厚的第四系沉积层;隆起带沿岸主要为海滩砂砾质沉积及与之相伴生的风成沉积,只在大河细粒物质沿岸运移所及之处,才形成潮坪沉积,且第四纪沉积层较薄,原地沉积物呈斑块状分布。东海和南海所接受的河流输沙量较少,异地沉积虽占据相当的范围,但原地沉积分布较广,并构成连续的沉积带。大河输沙通过海洋因素的搬运而沉积于相邻的小河口内,并构成堆积体,这是通过海、河泥沙交换,河流沉积物影响海岸沉积的另一个重要途径。在我国沿岸尚未发现主要由大陆架直接来沙产生的河口海岸沉积体。     

黄,东海海域水团发育对底质沉积物分布的影响

通过对黄，东海海域底质沉积物中的细粒级粘土矿物组合特征和全粒级碳酸盐含量分析，对比上覆水团和悬浮体资料，探讨研究区水团发育消长对底质沉积物分布的影响作用。结果表明研究区可以划分为长江冲淡水影响的长江型物质沉积区；黄海水影响的黄河型物质沉积区和轩潮水以及东少次表层水物残留型物质沉积区。而水团发育消长可直接影响下伏底质的分布特征。黄河型物质沉积区与残留型物质沉积区的分界相应于黄海冷水向东南扩展与黑潮次     

渤海及黄海北部的风海流数值计算及余流计算

依据黄渤海实测风的资料对渤海及北黄海进行了月平均风海流数值计算。计算表明，1月份在西北风的作用下，在渤海出现1个逆时针旋转的环流，在辽东湾北部及黄海北部出现1个顺时针旋转的环流，渤海海峡的海流北进南出。7月份在南风和东南风的作用下，风海流的变化形式与1月份大致相反，海峡处呈南进北出的形式。对渤海中部某点1年的潮流资料通过低通滤波的方法计算逐时的余流值，得到该点1年内表层最大的实测余流为31．9cm/s，全年90％多的时间内表层余流小于10cm/s。对辽东湾北部某点和渤海湾西南部某点数月潮流资料也进行了低通滤波，并将得到的逐时余流与同步风作了比较。依据该2点风和余流的关系以及黄海北部6个点风和余流的关系验证了风海流数值计算的结果，表明在这些点上实测与计算结果拟合良好。     

厦门海域大气气溶胶中磷的沉降通量

１９９３年８月至１９９４年５月四个季度对厦门海域的气溶胶样品总磷含量测定的结果表明，厦门海域大气气溶胶总磷含量平均为６．０３×１０－２μｇ／ｍ３，并呈现干湿季变化特征，夏季雨量丰沛时节含量最低，与降水、风向等气象条件有关．磷的大气沉降通量约９．５×１０－２ｇ／ｍ２．ａ，比北太平洋和南极半岛海域高一个数量级，湿式沉降通量大于干式沉降．与沉积物释放等过程比较，大气沉降不是磷的主要的输入过程，但不可完全忽略     

渤海水交换的数值研究—水质模型对半交换时间的模拟

介绍了几种关于水交换的概念和模型。认为以水质模型模拟半交换时间研究海域的水交换能力更全面、客观。对渤海水交换的研究表明，由于渤海环流结构及季节变化，使得渤海3个海湾及渤海中部交换能力相差很大，莱州湾交换能力最强，辽东湾特别是其西部海域交换能力最弱。交换时间与物质初始浓度无关，与投放时刻、外源强迫密切相关。在治理渤海环境时，应分区进行，注意选择污染物排放时间和位置。     

东北地区早二叠世岩相古地理研究

利用野外地质剖面、关键钻井剖面和区域地质资料,在地层划分对比和构造格局研究基础上,运用沉积相分析的方法,探讨了东北地区早二叠世岩相古地理特征,将早二叠世分为阿瑟尔期-亚丁斯克期、空谷期两个编图单元进行岩相古地理编图,恢复了东北地区早二叠世的岩相古地理面貌。研究表明,早二叠世东北地区主要发育半深海沉积体系、浅海陆棚沉积体系、碳酸盐台地沉积体系、无障壁海岸沉积体系、障壁海岸沉积体系及河流沉积体系;阿瑟尔期-亚丁斯克期存在漠河古陆、松辽古陆、佳木斯古陆及华北北缘高地四个古陆,物源区碎屑物质供应充分,研究区为浅海、海陆交互及河流沉积区,周边古陆的格局;至空谷期,松辽古陆消失,研究区为浅海-半深海沉积,周边古陆的格局。     

2014年秋季渤、黄海浮游动物的群落结构与分布特征

为了解渤、黄海秋季浮游动物群落的结构和分布特征,于2014年11月在南黄海、北黄海和渤海采集浮游动物样品,研究了浮游动物的种类组成、丰度、生物量、优势种、生物多样性和分布情况等.结果表明:研究海域共记录浮游动物成体70种,浮游幼虫22类;3个海域的浮游动物种类组成、丰度和生物量均存在差异,种类数和香农-威纳多样性指数均以南黄海最高.南黄海、北黄海和渤海的浮游动物平均丰度(不包含夜光虫)分别为225.5,295.1和128.2ind/m~3,高丰度主要分布在南黄海冷水团海域.南黄海、北黄海和渤海分别有6,5和4个优势种,其中中华哲水蚤(Calanus sinicus)和强壮箭虫(Sagitta crassa)是3个海域共有的优势种.调查海域的浮游动物优势种在水平分布格局上可划分为4种类型.聚类分析表明,渤、黄海的浮游动物可划分为渤海及黄海近岸群落、黄海北部及中部群落和黄东海交汇水混合群落.冗余分析显示,对浮游动物群落影响显著的环境因子为表层盐度.     

渤海和北黄海溶解氧与营养盐年际变化特征

基于收集的1975—1999年间渤海与北黄海现场实测数据,分析溶解氧(DO)、磷酸盐(PO_4-P)和硅酸盐(SiO_3-Si)的年际变化特征.结果表明:在这25年间,渤海和北黄海溶解氧浓度均呈降低趋势,冬季年际降低程度比夏季明显,且冬季溶解氧与温度负相关性较夏季更显著.溶解氧最显著变化是夏季北黄海中部海域底层高值区逐渐缩小,至20世纪90年代全部低于6.0 mL/L.除夏季渤海北部和北黄海底层磷酸盐在20世纪80—90年代表现为升高趋势外,夏季研究海域内磷酸盐和硅酸盐浓度表现为波动性降低趋势,且在20世纪80年代中期(1984—1987年)下降到历史性最低水平;冬季研究海域内磷酸盐浓度表现为波动状态,硅酸盐却有着显著降低趋势.     

水体污染物在水和底泥中的分布研究现状

污染物进入水体后,经沉淀、吸附、生物吸收等多种途径最终沉积于底泥中并逐渐积累,而沉积的污染物在温度升高、pH改变、扰动、电位改变等等条件的改变又会发生解吸、扩散,重新释放污染上覆水水质.河流底泥与上覆水之间不停地进行着物质交换和能量交换,底泥中的各种污染物质也与上覆水保持着一种吸收与释放的动态平衡.本文主要通过对水体主要污染指标COD、氮磷、重金属、POPs在水和底泥之间的互动关系描述,从而加强对水体污染的本质的了解,以便采取更好的防治措施.     

黄渤海三维斜压环流的数值诊断模拟

给出一黄渤海三维斜压的数值诊断环流模式，并进行了环流的数值模拟。在黄渤海冬季主夏季的环流模拟研究中，考虑了影响环流的因素，如海面风应力，热盐效应，地形及边界交换等影响因子。由模拟结果，正确再现了黄海冷水团密度环流、黄海暖流和沿岸流等的三维特征，并对这些特征的成因进行了分析。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.