杏鲍菇粗多糖的抗氧化活性研究

对杏鲍菇子实体、菌丝体和发酵液粗多糖清除DPPH自由基、羟自由基的能力、铁离子螯合能力以及还原力进行了比较分析,结果表明:菌丝体、发酵液粗多糖清除DPPH自由基能力较强,清除率EC50值分别为4.15和4.81mg/mL;子实体、菌丝体和发酵液粗多糖清除羟自由基、螯合铁离子的能力较强,羟自由基清除率EC50值分别为1.27、1.31和3.54mg/mL,铁离子螯合能力EC50值分别为3.01、1.53和4.17mg/mL;在一定浓度范围内,多糖浓度增加其清除DPPH自由基、羟自由基的能力以及铁离子螯合能力亦增强,并呈现良好的量效关系.实验浓度范围内,3种粗多糖的还原力均较弱.     

大蒜多糖的分离纯化及抗氧化性的研究

采用热水浸提法从大蒜中提取大蒜粗多糖（GA），用DEAE一纤维素柱层析对GA进行纯化，得到中性多糖（GB）和酸性多糖（GC）。进一步对3种大蒜多糖的抗氧化性进行测定，结果显示：GB具有较好的清除羟基自由基和还原能力，GC具有较好的清除超氧阴离子自由基和配位能力，而GA的抗氧化能力则介于GB和GC之间。     

冬瓜多糖的超声波辅助提取及其抗氧化活性研究

研究冬瓜多糖的超声波辅助提取工艺及体外抗氧化活性。在单因素试验的基础上,探究料液比、提取时间、提取功率对冬瓜多糖提取率的影响,然后以正交试验确定其适宜提取工艺。通过对超声波辅助提取所提得冬瓜多糖的DPPH自由基、羟基自由基、超氧阴离子自由基的清除能力进行测定,来表征冬瓜多糖的体外抗氧化活性。结果表明:超声波提取时间及料液比对冬瓜多糖提取率的影响显著(P<0.05),超声波辅助提取冬瓜多糖适宜工艺条件为,料液比1∶40,超声波提取时间40 min,提取功率380 W,此条件下冬瓜粗多糖得率为13.15%,相比于热水浸提法,得率提高50%以上,提取时间缩短1/2。当冬瓜多糖浓度为5 mg/mL时,其对DPPH自由基、羟基自由基、超氧阴离子自由基的清除率分别为77.91%、99.64%、74.48%。超声波辅助提取能显著提高冬瓜多糖的提取效率,且冬瓜多糖具有较好的抗氧化活性。     

藏红花花瓣粗多糖的体外抗氧化活性研究

采用水提醇沉法提取藏红花花瓣中的多糖,得率为3.75%.联合蒽酮-硫酸法和DNS法测得多糖纯度为68.34%.对粗多糖的体外抗氧化活性进行测定,结果表明,粗多糖具有一定的抗氧化活性,抗氧化能力指数(ORAC)值为0.572μmol TE/mg;其对ABTS+、DPPH和羟自由基具有一定的清除能力,半数清除浓度EC50分别为76.26μg/mL、165.5μg/mL和880.4μg/mL.     

玉竹多糖的抗氧化作用研究

为研究玉竹多糖的体外抗氧化活性和清除自由基作用,采用体外化学体系研究玉竹多糖对超氧阴离子(O-2·)、羟自由基(·OH)、1,1-二苯基-2苦苯肼自由基(DPPH·)和过氧化氢(H2O2)的清除能力。结果表明:玉竹多糖对超氧阴离子(O-2·)、过氧化氢(H2O2)和1,1-二苯基-2-苦苯肼自由基(DPPH·)具有较强的清除能力,其EC50值分别为0.38 mg/mL(Vc为0.09 mg/mL)、0.65 mg/mL(Vc为0.70 mg/mL)和0.43 mg/mL(Vc为0.06 mg/mL);但对羟自由基(·OH)的清除能力较弱,其EC50值为14.7 mg/mL(Vc为0.34 mg/mL)。玉竹多糖具有较好的体外抗氧化活性。     

尖吻蝮蛇毒不同蛋白酶水解物的制备及抗氧化活性研究

【目的】研究尖吻蝮(Deinagkistrodon acutus)蛇毒的不同蛋白酶水解产物的制备及抗氧化活性。【方法】分别用碱性蛋白酶、中性蛋白酶、木瓜蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶水解尖吻蝮蛇毒,以水解物的水解度、清除自由基活性、金属离子螯合能力和总还原力作为抗氧化活性比较指标来选出最佳水解蛋白酶,并比较该蛋白酶水解物在超滤后得到的不同分子量组分的抗氧化活性大小。【结果】碱性蛋白酶水解物的清除DPPH自由基活性、亚铁离子螯合能力和总还原力均为最佳;该酶解物经超滤得到的3个组分中,分子量为3～10kDa的组分对DPPH自由基和羟基自由基清除能力最强,分子量大于10kDa的组分的亚铁离子螯合能力和总还原力最强。【结论】尖吻蝮蛇毒的不同蛋白酶水解物均具有抗氧化活性,其中用碱性蛋白酶水解物抗氧化活性较强。     

红花和灯盏花素注射液体外抗氧化和抗补体活性比较研究

通过比较分析活血化瘀类中药注射液红花和灯盏花素的抗氧化和抗补体活性,深入探讨二者的药理活性。利用试剂盒检测红花和灯盏花素注射液的总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、羟自由基清除能力以及超氧阴离子自由基清除能力,并通过采用细胞溶血法,检测二者对补体经典途径和旁路途径的抑制效应。结果显示:二者皆具有抗氧化活性,其中灯盏花素注射液的总抗氧化能力(T-AOC=1.74±0.06 U/mg)、羟自由基清除能力(EC_(50)=0.96 mg/mL)以及超氧阴离子清除能力(EC_(50)=7.22 mg/mL)均强于红花注射液(T-AOC=0.09±0.01 U/mg,羟自由基清除能力EC_(50)=27.13 mg/mL,超氧阴离子清除能力EC_(50)=19.22 mg/mL),其中灯盏花素注射液的总抗氧化能力强于BHT(T-AOC=0.54±0.03 U/mg);在抗补体活性方面,灯盏花素注射液(CH_(50)=0.27 mg/mL,AP_(50)=0.44 mg/mL)均强于红花注射液(CH_(50)=10.07 mg/mL,AP_(50)=4.53 mg/mL),但是弱于阳性对照肝素钠(CH_(50)=0.11 mg/mL,AP_(50)=0.08 mg/mL)。研究表明,红花和灯盏花素注射液都具有较强的体外抗氧化和抗补体活性,而灯盏花素注射液均强于红花注射液。     

黄山贡菊总黄酮体外抗氧化活性研究

以超声波辅助法提取黄山贡菊的总黄酮,以还原力、金属离子螯合性和对DPPH自由基、亚硝酸钠的清除能力为指标评价黄山贡菊总黄酮的抗氧化活性.结果表明,总黄酮还原力的IC50为0.171mg/mL,金属离子螯合性的IC50为1.529mg/mL,总黄酮对DPPH.和亚硝酸钠清除作用的IC50分别为0.323、0.700mg/mL.黄山贡菊总黄酮具有较强体外抗氧化活性,活性与浓度存在一定的量效关系.     

不同提取方法对姬菇多糖抗氧化活性的影响

本研究采用传统水提法、超声波提取法、超声波辅助水提法、酸提法、碱提法、超声波辅助酸提法和超声波辅助碱提法7种方法提取姬菇多糖,测定还原力、羟自由基(·OH)清除率、超氧阴离子自由基(O_2~-·)清除能力、DPPH自由基清除力作为体外抗氧化作用的评价指标,并与Vc对照.结果表明酸法提取多糖得率最高,可达6.58%.总体来看,超声波辅助水提法所得姬菇多糖的抗氧化活性最好,多糖浓度为10 mg·m L~(-1)时其还原力达到2.18,·OH清除率为95.56%;多糖浓度为1 mg·m L~(-1)时,O_2~-·的清除率达到62.35%;多糖浓度为2 mg·m L~(-1)时,对DPPH自由基的清除率达到80.32%.超声波辅助碱提法所得多糖的抗氧化活性也较好,而超声波辅助酸提法所得多糖的抗氧化活性最差.由此可见,采用超声波辅助水提法所得多糖有利于姬菇多糖生物活性方面的研究.     

血红铆钉菇多糖分离纯化及抗氧化活性研究

目的探讨血红铆钉菇的多糖分离纯化及抗氧化活性方法.方法应用传统热水浸提法提取粗多糖,进行反复冻融后初步去除蛋白,再用sevage法除蛋白,纯化后苯酚-硫酸法测糖含量,考马斯亮蓝法测蛋白含量,对多糖进行超氧阴离子自由基、羟基自由基和DPPH等体外抗氧化能力试验.结果传统热水浸提方法得糖率为4. 19%,除蛋白后蛋白含量为10. 71%,并且血红铆钉菇多糖对超氧阴离子清除效果最好,而对DPPH和羟自由基的清除效果也较为明显.结论血红铆钉菇有较强的体外抗氧化活性,并且清除率随多糖的浓度增大而增加.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.