FeCoZrB合金的非晶形成能力及磁性能研究

采用单辊快淬法制备Fe81-xCoxZr9B10(x=0,2,4,6)系非晶合金,对该系非晶合金的非晶形成能力及磁性能进行研究.利用X射线衍射(XRD)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)测试合金的结构及磁性能.研究结果表明:Fe81-xCoxZr9B10(x=0,2,4,6)合金在快淬速率为30 m/s时完全形成非晶.随Co含量的增加比饱和磁化强度(Ms)先增加后减少.     

Fe_(75)Nb_8B_(15)Zr_2非晶合金的晶化过程研究

采用单辊快淬法制备Fe75Nb8B15Zr2非晶合金,对该非晶合金进行不同温度的等温退火,研究其晶化过程及结构变化.利用示差热分析仪(DTA)确定样品的退火温度,利用X射线衍射(XRD)测试其相结构.结果表明:Fe75Nb8B15Zr2合金在快淬速率为38m/s时呈完全非晶状态,随着退火温度的升高,α-Fe相逐渐析出,并伴随有硼化物(Fe3B和Fe2B)析出.Fe75Nb8B15Zr2非晶合金的晶化过程:非晶→非晶+α-Fe→α-Fe+Fe3B→α-Fe+Fe3B+Fe2B.     

Sm对FeCo基快淬薄带相组成及非晶形成能力的影响

用真空电弧熔炼和真空熔融甩带法制备出厚度相同的(Fe3Co)80-xNb4Al2Si4B10Smx、Fe57-xCo18Nb4Al2Si4B15Smx和Fe42.5Co42.5Nb7-xB8Smx快淬薄带样品,借助X-ray衍射、DTA等手段研究了稀土元素Sm对快淬薄带样品的的相组成的影响以及非晶形成能力的影响.结果表明,添加Sm可以使所研究FeCo基合金的快淬薄带样品的相组成趋于简单,并且有利于提高合金的非晶形成能力.随着Sm含量的增加,快淬薄带样品的XRD图谱中对应于(CoFe)3Nb相、(FeCo)3B相以及B6(FeCo)23相的晶化峰显著减弱直至消失,α-(FeCo)相的析出也明显减弱,合金的非晶形成能力都得到了提高.     

FeNbB合金有效各向异性与温度关系

研究了Fe83Nb6B11合金有效各向异性〈k〉与温度t的关系,结果表明:淬态Fe83Nb6B11非晶有效各向异性随温度的升高呈线性减小,热处理后的非晶和纳米双相合金的有效各向异性〈k〉随温度的升高变化不同,热处理温度低于530℃时样品的有效各向异性〈k〉值在非晶居里温度减小,而热处理温度为580℃时样品的有效各向异性〈k〉值在非晶居里温度变化很小·     

Fe73.5Si13.5B9Cu1Nb3-xMox(x=1,2,3)非晶合金的晶化动力学研究

采用单辊熔体快淬法在大气环境中制备Fe73.5Si13.5B9Cu1Nb3-xMox(x=1,2,3)非晶合金薄带,利用差示扫描量热分析和X射线衍射分析进行非晶合金的晶化动力学研究,计算出Fe73.5Si13.5B9Cu1Nb3-xMox(x=1,2,3)非晶薄带的晶化激活能分别为349、262、332 kJ/mol,其Avrami指数分别为1.95、2.14和2.00.结果表明,随着升温速率的提高,Fe73.5Si13.5B9Cu1Nb3-xMox(x=1,2,3)非晶薄带的起始晶化温度和晶化峰值温度相应升高;以Mo部分替代Nb降低了非晶合金的晶化激活能;α-Fe(Si)软磁相具有扩散控制的低维形核和生长的晶化机制,且形核率逐渐减小.     

Fe_(73.5)Si_(13.5)B_9Cu_1Nb_(3-x)Mo_x(x=1,2,3)非晶合金的晶化动力学研究

采用单辊熔体快淬法在大气环境中制备Fe73.5Si13.5B9Cu1Nb3-xMox(x=1,2,3)非晶合金薄带,利用差示扫描量热分析和X射线衍射分析进行非晶合金的晶化动力学研究,计算出Fe73.5Si13.5B9Cu1Nb3-xMox(x=1,2,3)非晶薄带的晶化激活能分别为349、262、332 kJ/mol,其Avrami指数分别为1.95、2.14和2.00。结果表明,随着升温速率的提高,Fe73.5Si13.5B9Cu1Nb3-xMox(x=1,2,3)非晶薄带的起始晶化温度和晶化峰值温度相应升高;以Mo部分替代Nb降低了非晶合金的晶化激活能;-αFe(Si)软磁相具有扩散控制的低维形核和生长的晶化机制,且形核率逐渐减小。     

快淬Mg2Ni型合金的结构及贮氢动力学

用快淬技术制备Mg2-xLaxNi(x=0,0.2,0.4,0.6)贮氢合金,用XRD,SEM和HRTEM分析合金的微观组织结构;测试合金的气态及电化学贮氢动力学。结果表明:快淬二元Mg2Ni合金具有典型的纳米晶结构,而快淬La替代合金明显地具有非晶结构,La替代Mg提高Mg2Ni型合金的非晶形成能力。La替代Mg明显地改变Mg2Ni型合金的相组成,当x=0.4时,合金的主相改变为(La,Mg)Ni3+LaMg3。快淬及La替代明显影响合金的气态及电化学贮氢动力学,La替代使合金的吸氢动力学先降低后增加,但使合金的气态脱氢及电化学贮氢动力学先增加后降低。快淬对合金气态及电化学贮氢动力学的影响与合金的成分相关,对于La0.4合金,合金的气态吸氢动力学随淬速的增加先增加后减小,其放氢动力学随淬速的增加而增加。     

热处理对Fe_(40)Co_(40)Zr_7V_2B_9Ta_2合金微观结构及磁性能的影响

采用单辊快淬法制备Fe40Co40Zr7V2B9Ta2非晶合金薄带,并对该合金在不同温度下进行热处理.利用差热分析(DTA)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)测量合金的热性能、微观结构及磁性能.结果表明:Fe40Co40Zr7V2B9Ta2合金的初始晶化产物为α-FeCo相,高温时析出ZrCo3B2,Co23Zr6和ZrB2相;薄带横断面的形貌在快淬态和300℃退火后,合金的自由面呈网状结构,贴辊面呈枝状结构;高于550℃退火,横断面呈颗粒状;550℃退火后合金的矫顽力(Hc)最小,高于550℃退火,Hc随退火温度的升高而增大.     

添加硼对La-Mg-Ni系(PuNi3-型)贮氢合金微观结构及电化学性能的影响

为了提出La-Mg-Ni(PuNi3型)系贮氢合金的电化学循环稳定性,在La2Mg(Ni0.85Co0.15)9合金中添加微量的B,用铸造及快淬工艺制备La2Mg(Ni0.85Co0.15)9Bx(x=0,0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)贮氢合金,分析测试铸态及快淬态合金的微观结构与电化学性能,研究硼对合金微观结构及电化学性能的影响。结果表明:铸态合金具有多相结构,包括主相(La,Mg)Ni3相(PuNi3型)和LaNi5相,一定量的LaNi2相和微量的Ni2B相经快淬处理后,Ni2B相消失,且其他相的相对量随淬速的变化而变化。硼的加入提高了铸态及快淬态合金的循环稳定性,但使铸态合金的容量下降;铸态合金的电化学容量随B含量的增加单调下降,而快淬态合金的容量随B含量的增加有一极大值,B对铸态及快淬态合金电化学性能的影响机理是完全不同的。     

Cr、V元素替代Nb元素对Fe40Co40Zr8Nb2B10非晶合金热性能及结构的影响

采用单辊快淬法制备Fe40Co40Zr8Nb2B10、Fe40Co40Zr8Cr2B10和Fe40Co40Zr8V2B10非晶合金薄带,并对三种合金在不同温度下进行热处理.利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和差热分析仪(DTA)等测试手段对样品的结构及热性能进行研究.结果表明,Fe40Co40Zr8Nb2B10、Fe40Co40Zr8Cr2B10和Fe40Co40Zr8V2B10合金的晶化激活能分别为302.6、306.6和299.3 kJ/mol,Cr元素和V元素替代Nb元素对合金的热稳定性影响不大,但扩大了合金的晶化温区.三种合金晶化过程相似:非晶→非晶+α-FeCo→α-FeCo+ZrCo3B2+Fe(Co)3Zr.     

含铌高温合金液相中铌偏聚行为

利用热力学相计算方法并结合相应的Ni基数据库对含Nb高温合金液相中Nb偏析规律进行系统的计算分析,计算结果与文献报道的测试结果相符性较好.计算结果表明,液相中Nb偏聚度和最大偏聚量随合金中Nb含量的增加并非单调的增加,而是先增加到一定值后再趋于下降或不变.Nb偏聚度与液固相间的温度差却有单调增加的关系,在此规律的理论指导下,提出了减小Nb偏析的合金设计思路并进行了对比分析.     

高铌高磷GH4169 C和GH4169合金的组织稳定性

为研究高铌高磷GH4169C高温合金在高温长期时效过程中的组织稳定性,通过场发射扫描电镜和数显布氏硬度计对GH4169和GH4169C两合金分别经600、650、704及720℃时效30~10000 h的显微组织和硬度变化进行对比分析。结果表明：在服役温度(650℃)范围内长期时效,GH4169合金和GH4169C合金均表现优异的稳定性;在服役温度以上长期时效, GH4169合金和GH4169C合金稳定性较差,短时间内,合金组织就出现失稳。对比而言,704℃时GH4169C合金组织稳定性较GH4169合金高,而720℃时GH4169C合金组织稳定性劣于GH4169合金。分析认为,GH4169C合金由于提高Nb含量和P含量使的γ＇相稳定性增加,得以在服役温度以上(704℃)表现比GH4169合金更为优异的组织稳定性,但Nb含量的提高也引起啄相含量的增加,导致组织稳定性下降。在超高温(720℃)下,GH4169C 合金稳定性劣于 GH4169合金。由此推知,相比GH4169合金,改型GH4169C合金在使用温度上有所提高,但提高有限,在超高温下,其稳定性反而降低。     

Oxidation behavior of high-strength FeCrAl alloys in a high-temperature supercritical carbon dioxide environment

The oxidation behavior of three high-strength FeCrAl alloys was investigated in supercritical carbon dioxide environment at 650 ℃. After exposure for 500 h, the weight gains of the FeCrAl alloys gradually decreased with increasing Al content. The oxide scales are primarily composed of α-Al_2O_3 and spinel oxides. With increasing Al content, the amount of α-Al_2O_3 increases and the C content decreased in the oxide scale and sub-scale matrix.Moreover, larger(Nb,Mo)C carbides formed in the sub-scale matrix and their number decreased with the increase of Al content.     

Fe-Si-B-Nb-Cu-Zr非晶（纳米晶）合金的磁性机理研究

采用单辊甩带法制取了Fe-Si-B-Nb-Cu-Zr非晶合金薄带。利用X射线衍射仪（XRD）、差示扫描量热法（DSC）和振动样品磁强计（VSM）等手段对非晶态和晶化后的薄带的微观结构和磁性能进行了表征和测试,研究了Fe-Si-B-Nb-Cu-Zr合金中磁性能随着Zr含量以及退火温度变化的磁性机理。结果表明,在铸态Fe-...     

Superior corrosion resistance-dependent laser energy density in(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 high entropy alloy coating fabricated by laser cladding

(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 high entropy alloy(HEA)coatings were successfully fabricated on a substrate of Q235 steel by laser cladding technology.These(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 HEA coatings possess excellent properties,particularly corrosion resistance,which is clearly superior to that of some typical bulk HEA and common engineering alloys.In order to obtain appropriate laser cladding preparation process parameters,the effects of laser energy density on the microstructure,microhardness,and corrosion resistance of(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 HEA coating were closely studied.Results showed that as the laser energy density increases,precipitation of the Laves phase in(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 HEA coating gradually decreases,and diffusion of the Fe element in the substrate intensifies,affecting the integrity of the(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 HEA.This decreases the microhardness of(CoCrFeNi)95Nb5 HEA coatings.Moreover,the relative content of Cr2O3,Cr(OH)3,and Nb2O5 in the surface passive film of the coating decreases with increasing energy density,causing corrosion resistance to decrease.This study demonstrates the controllability of a high-performance HEA coating using laser cladding technology,which has significance for the laser cladding preparation of other CoCrFeNi-system HEA coatings.     

织构化Sr_(0.4)Ba_(0.6)Nb_2O_6陶瓷的工艺研究

以熔盐法合成的各向异性的棒状铌酸锶钡陶瓷粉体为模板粉体,采用流延成型工艺,制备出织构化的铌酸锶钡陶瓷,研究了模板添加量及烧结温度与织构化陶瓷微观组织结构间的关系。实验结果表明:使用流延成型工艺可以制备晶粒定向排列的铌酸锶钡陶瓷,随着模板添加量的增加,陶瓷的织构化程度变大。在本实验的条件下,在1375℃烧结3h,模板加入量为30%时,铌酸锶钡陶瓷的织构化程度达到57%。     

Martensitic transfor mation involved mechanical behaviors and wide hysteresis of NiTiNb shape memory alloys

On the basis of thermoelastic martensitic transformation involved,the mechanical behaviors of NiTiNb shape memory alloys were experimentally studied and their wide hysteresis effect was theoretically d...     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Nb–Mo–ZrB2 composites prepared by hot-pressing sintering

Nb–Mo–ZrB₂ composites (V(Nb)/V(Mo)=1) with 15vol% or 30vol% of ZrB₂ were fabricated by hot-pressing sintering at 2000℃. The phases, microstructure, and mechanical properties were then investigated. The composites contain Nb-Mo solid solution (denoted as (Nb, Mo)ss hereafter), ZrB, MoB, and NbB phases. Compressive strength test results suggest that the strength of Nb–Mo–ZrB₂ composites increases with increasing ZrB₂ content; Nb–Mo–30vol%ZrB₂ had the highest compressive strength (1905.1 MPa). The improvement in the compressive strength of the Nb–Mo–ZrB₂ composites is mainly attributed to the secondary phase strengthening of the stiffer ZrB phase, solid-solution strengthening of the (Nb, Mo)ss matrix as well as fine-grain strengthening. The fracture toughness decreases with increasing ZrB₂ content. Finally, the fracture modes of the Nb–Mo–ZrB₂ composites are also discussed in detail.     

Thermal and microstructural characterization of a novel ductile cast iron modified by aluminum addition

In high-temperature applications, like exhaust manifolds, cast irons with a ferritic matrix are mostly used. However, the increasing demand for higher-temperature applications has led manufacturers to use additional expensive materials such as stainless steels and Ni-resist austenitic ductile cast irons. Thus, in order to meet the demand while using low-cost materials, new alloys with improved high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance must be developed. In this study, thermodynamic calculations with Thermo-Calc software were applied to study a novel ductile cast iron with a composition of 3.5 wt% C, 4 wt% Si, 1 wt% Nb, 0-4 wt% Al. The designed compositions were cast, and thermal analysis and microstructural characterization were performed to validate the calculations. The lowest critical temperature of austenite to pearlite eutectoid transformation, i.e., A1, was calculated, and the solidification sequence was determined. Both calculations and experimental data revealed the importance of aluminum addition, as the A1 increased by increasing the aluminum content in the alloys, indicating the possibility of utilizing the alloys at higher temperature. The experimental data validated the transformation temperature during solidification and at the solid state and confirmed the equilibrium phases at room temperature as ferrite, graphite, and MC-type carbides.     

X12CrMoWVNbN10-1-1铁素体耐热钢中的马氏体相变过程

通过膨胀试验研究了X12CrMoWVNbN10-1-1铁素体耐热钢在不同奥氏体化条件下的马氏体相变过程.结果表明:在温度1010~1 200℃奥氏体化15 min条件下,马氏体相变的开始温度点Ms与结束温度点Mf随着奥氏体化温度的增加而升高;在1070℃奥氏体化时,Mf随奥氏体化时间的延长而升高,而在奥氏体化时间小于3 h时,随着奥氏体化时间的增加,Ms上升,在奥氏体化时间超过3 h后,Ms稳定在460℃左右;根据膨胀曲线拟合得到在1070℃奥氏体化保温不同时间条件下的马氏体相变动力学方程.