一种利用肌肉激活特性调制和评估功能性电刺激的方法

提出一种基于肌肉激活生理特性的足下垂功能性电刺激调制与评估方法. 结合肌肉募集的死区和饱和特性,利用自然步态下胫骨前肌的肌电信号和电刺激下胫骨前肌的耐受值和阈值调制电刺激输出曲线. 研究基于1-范数的方法量化肌肉在电激活下的肌电信号募集水平评估所提出的电刺激调制方法的性能. 通过实验比较了肌电信号调制电刺激时的胫骨前肌电诱发募集特性和自然激活时的募集特性,二者的相关系数达到0.8815. 结果表明,利用自然激活方式调制电刺激的输出方式是有效的,而基于肌肉激活程度的评价指标具有可行性.     

肌电生物反馈对消除运动性疲劳的研究

本文通过用机电生物反馈仪对20名运动员训练后的肌肉进行放松，发现其肌电强度值，肌肉硬度值均有所下降，同时神经系统灵活性也有所改善，因此，通过肌电生物反馈仪对运动员训练后的放松治疗，可以达到消除疲劳的效果。     

表面肌电信号(SEMG)分析在生物力学领域中的应用

表面肌电信号是一种使用表面电极来探索和记录肌肉表面电活动的技术。肌电信号在生物力学领域中主要被用来作为肌肉开始激活的指标,同时作为肌肉收缩产生力量以及肌肉内部产生疲劳的指标等。表面肌电信号作为研究肌肉的一种方法,告诉我们肌肉是否被激活、激活的程度大小和疲劳时激活的程度等。旨在着重讨论生物力学领域中的一些特定的表面肌电信号分析方面中的比较类型分析和频率疲劳分析问题。     

表面肌电在体育科学研究领域中的应用进展

肌电是唯一一个能连接神经系统,并直接反映运动中肌肉收缩的电信号载体。本文主要运用文献资料法对表面肌电在体育科学研究领域中的应用作一个简要的回顾,从而了解肌肉收缩时神经-肌肉的工作机制。研究结果表明：表面肌电技术涉足体育科学领域的研究虽尚处初级阶段,但应用极为广泛,主要表现为用于评定肌肉运动产生的疲劳、肌电与肌力的关系、肌肉活动的协调性与贡献度以及运动选材等领域。     

表面肌电在体育科学研究领域中的应用进展

肌电是唯一一个能连接神经系统,并直接反映运动中肌肉收缩的电信号载体。本文主要运用文献资料法对表面肌电在体育科学研究领域中的应用作一个简要的回顾,从而了解肌肉收缩时神经-肌肉的工作机制。研究结果表明:表面肌电技术涉足体育科学领域的研究虽尚处初级阶段,但应用极为广泛,主要表现为用于评定肌肉运动产生的疲劳、肌电与肌力的关系、肌肉活动的协调性与贡献度以及运动选材等领域。     

可实时调整刺激参数的功能性电刺激仪的研制

基于STM32微处理器设计并实现了可实时调整刺激强度的功能性电刺激仪.通过上位机设定刺激参数值;通过数字电位器或DAC转换器控制恒压源的电压实现设定的恒流输出;通过改变H桥开关管的导通时间控制脉冲的频率和脉宽实现设定的频率和脉宽,分别进行电阻和人体实验测试.结果表明,功能性电刺激器的电流幅度、频率和脉冲宽度分别在0～50 mA, 0～100 Hz和0～1 000μs范围内连续可调.该电刺激仪可以实时调整刺激参数,为闭环FES的应用提供基础.     

基于电刺激的多模式康复系统设计和研究

针对脑卒中后肢体功能障碍、褥疮及疼痛,分析了临床上常用的治疗参数,设计了多模式电刺激治疗系统。该系统通过触摸屏与主芯片STM32L152RCT6进行通信,控制升压和极性转换电路产生幅值、频率及脉宽均可连续调节的双极性电刺激脉冲,验证了系统的稳定性和镇痛的效果。通过试验验证了系统能稳定工作,且电脉冲幅值与电阻值的变化无关,且能提高受试者的疼痛阈值。能产生临床使用的电刺激疗法的各类参数,有利于临床实验和相关科研的开展。电刺激技术能够缓解人体疼痛,提高疼痛阈值。     

基于积分肌电值结合双阈值的s-EMG活动段的检测

为了寻找一个表征肌肉疲劳程度效果较好的参数,分别从时域分析、频域分析中提取相关特征参数进行对比分析.采用基于积分肌电窗口移动平均值结合双门限阈值的方法来区分肌肉动态收缩区和静态收缩区.利用肌肉动态收缩区相关特征值的灵敏度波动比(SVR指数)来表征肌肉疲劳的灵敏度,程序设计采用MATLAB编程.通过仿真实验对时域、频域特征参数随疲劳程度的变化趋势、灵敏性进行分析,发现时域中均方根特征参数对疲劳程度表征效果相对较好;频域中中值频率特征参数对疲劳程度表征效果相对较好.该方法应用在检测肌肉疲劳上具有区分动态、静态收缩区的特点,相比单门限阈值法具有将表面肌电信号的细微特征信息放大、便于识别等优点.     

基于1/f特征的生物电刺激仪研制

为了使人在电疗过程中避免对刺激的易受性以及能够获得使人感到舒适的"自然"电刺激，提出了基于"1/f波动"理论的电刺激参数设计方案，设计出一种可以与智能终端设备进行无线通信的便携式电刺激仪.分别从电脉冲频率、波宽、幅度、波形等方面进行设计，同时设计3组对照组实验，通过语义分析和方差分析法评估电刺激仪的体验感和疗效性.实验结果表明，采用1/f波动理论设计的电刺激仪各测试因素较其对照组在体验感上均F>F_{0.01（1，22）}，在疗效性上均F_{0.05（1，22）} < F < F_{0.01（1，22）}.     

篮球跳投动作上下肢肌激发顺序和用力大小的肌电分析

为了研究篮球跳投动作中各肌肉的激发顺序和用力大小,采用表面肌电仪和SONY摄像机同步记录了篮球运动员完成原地跳投动作时上下肢肌的表面肌电信号,观察了定量运动训练时肌肉的疲劳情况．结果表明：跳投动作上下肢肌肌电活动开始与结束的激发顺序各不相同,在整个跳投动作中,腓肠肌后段在各组中作用最大,其次是手伸肌群和肱三头肌;上肢肌群比下肢肌群的作用大．结论验证了“用力顺序”是“自下而上”的观点;运用肌电技术的研究方法能够准确测试篮球运动中各肌肉的激发顺序和作用大小．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.