废旧碱性锌锰电池中的锌研究

研究了废旧碱性锌锰电池的成分和其中的锌在硝酸中的适宜浸取条件.X射线衍射仪和原子吸收分光光度计的分析结果表明,放电后的碱性电池中的锌主要以氧化锌的形式存在,锰的存在形式则比较复杂.硝酸溶解废旧锌锰中的锌的适宜条件为:硝酸浓度1 mol/L,液固比10/1(质量比),反应温度50℃,反应时间40 min.该研究对于有针对性地将锌浸取并再资源化具有重要意义.     

海、淡水中锌在麦饭石上的离子交换作用

本文研究天然麦饭石固体与海、淡水中锌进行离子交换时，百分交换量随ｐＨ的变化，及一定温度、ｐＨ值下的固液分配等温线。结果表明，淡水中等温线在广泛浓度范围符合Ｌａｎｇｍｕｉｒ方程和Ｆｒｅｕｎｄｌｉｃｈ方程；海水中锌在麦饭石上固液分配等温线可用“三常数”吸着方程描述。百分交换率随ｐＨ值的变化曲线呈“Ｓ”型，此外测定了麦饭石对海、淡水中锌的饱和交换量，并对锌在麦饭石上的作用机理进行了探讨。     

呋南甲醛甘氨酸席夫碱及其铜锌配合物的合成

合成了一新的席夫碱,呋喃甲醛甘氨酸席夫碱及其铜、锌配合物,收率达６８．６％,对比合物的元素组成及红外光谱进行了分析,推测配体亚胺Ｎ,呋喃环Ｏ及羧基Ｏ参与配位,配合物为四配位化合物。     

锌铝合金等温时效硬化特性

利用X射线衍射、显微硬度测量实验手段探索了Zn-Al合金在固溶时效特性的研究。结果表明：锌铝合金在固溶时效过程中过饱和固溶体α's将发生分解,析出η-Zn相,使合金的显微硬度发生变化,Zn含量及时效温度决定Zn-Al合金过饱和固溶体的分解速度及合金等温时效硬化特性。     

莼菜中锌分布研究

对莼菜主根、须根、茎、嫩叶锌的质量分数及嫩叶中有机态锌和蛋白质、水溶性多糖、碱溶性多糖中锌的质量分数进行了分析,结果表明供试莼菜锌的质量分数范围为0.66～1.29mg/g,以嫩叶锌的质量分数最高,有机态锌占总锌的69.77%,3种有机组分中以蛋白质中锌的质量分数最高,达2.92mg/g。     

锌基合金与钢复合的界面特性

采用固液相复合方法获得钢／锌基合金双金属型复合材料,对复合材料界面的组织结构,力学性能,断口特征等方面做了分析,并初步探讨了不同制备工艺过程,工惨数对复合界面微观组织,。结构及力学性能的影响。     

锌酵母的培养及性能

根据锌的耐受量实验,筛选对锌吸收较好酵母为实验菌株。研究培养条件对酵母细胞锌的含量及生物量的影响,探讨药用锌酵母中有机锌的形态与锌的吸收率。     

废锌渣电沉积回收锌的工艺研究

本文针对从废锌渣中电沉积回收锌的条件进行了研究，并提出了一套适合于小型湿法冶炼厂利用废锌渣回收锌的工艺。     

高炉排锌及其回收利用之探讨

锌在高炉炼铁中属有害杂质,高炉锌负荷应小于150g/t。锌对高炉运行的影响主要表现在破坏原燃料性能、降低煤气利用率、加速风口中小套损坏、损坏炉缸砖衬等方面。高炉内的锌是由入炉的原燃料带入的,并通过炉内、炉外两个循环富集加大了高炉的锌负荷。锌主要由高炉煤气带出炉外,积存在瓦斯灰和除尘灰等固废中。如要降低高炉的锌负荷,充分利用高炉煤气除尘净化后的固体废弃物,实施炉外循环进行回配,就必须回收利用瓦斯灰、除尘灰中的ZnO。介绍了从瓦斯灰和除尘灰中提取ZnO的工艺技术,锌的总提取率可达85%以上。提锌后的瓦斯灰和除尘灰,ZnO含量大幅度降低,对实现炉外固废的循环利用,降低锌负荷,稳定高炉冶炼操作起到促进作用。     

锌布片质量标准葡萄糖酸锌溶出度的测定

锌布片中有效成分葡萄糖酸锌溶出度的测定，是通过对溶出仪转速的控常l，溶媒的选择，方法学的验证（包括最大吸收波长的确定、辅型剂及其它有效成分对测定的影响、精密度试验、回收试验、溶出均一性试验等一系列验证试验），最终证实了本方法科学、合理，完全能够用于锌布片质量标准——葡萄糖酸锌溶出度的测定（锌布片中葡萄糖酸锌溶出度测定的时限为30min，溶出限度为75％）．     

Pu(H2O)53+和Pu(H2O)54+ 团簇的相对论密度泛函研究

用TPSSTPSS密度泛函方法, Pu离子和H₂O分子分别采用相对论有效原子实势(RECP)和6-31g基组, 研究了Pu(H₂O)₅³⁺和Pu(H₂O)₅⁴⁺ 团簇溶剂化和非溶剂化效应中的几何结构及紫外可见吸收光谱. 计算结果表明: 水溶剂环境对Pu(H₂O)₅³⁺及Pu(H₂O)₅⁴⁺ 团簇的几何结构影响都比较明显. NBO电荷分析表明水分子与钚离子之间没有直接的电荷转移. 所研究团簇的未配对电子都占据5f轨道. 在气相及水溶剂环境下, 所研究团簇的紫外可见吸收光谱存在较大差距. 主要的吸收峰大都源于f电子之间的跃迁.     

微波辐射SnCl4·5H2O催化合成乙酸正丁酯

采用微波辐射技术,以SnCl4@5H2O为催化剂催化合成了乙酸正丁酯.最佳反应条件醇酸配比为l1.2,催化剂用量为1.4 g,微波功率为450 W,微波辐射时间为15 min,产率95%.实验结果表明适当的微波辐射可以加速乙酸正丁酯的合成反应,而且产率高,操作简便,腐蚀性小.     

Crystal structure and magnetism of the binuclear Gd(III) complex Gd2(C12H8N2)2(C6H5COO)6

In the medium of H₂O, C₂H₅OH and HAC, the reaction of Gd(NO₃)₃·6H₂O with C₆H₅COONa and C₁₂H₈N₂ produced a novel binuclear Gd(III) complex in formula [Gd₂(C₁₂H₈N₂)₂ (C₆H₅COO)₆]. Crystallographic data: crystal system, triclinic; space group, P1; unit cell dimensions, a=1.191 9(2) nm,b =1.244 2(2) nm,c = 1.080 4(2) nm, α = 93.57(3)°, β= 113.33(3)°, γ= 105.06(3)°, Z=l. The finalR =0.037 6. The magnetic measurement of the crystal powder in the temperature region of 1.5–300 K shows that this complex possesses antiferromagnetic property with fitting magnetic parametersJ = −0.471 andg =1.975.     

Coordination behavior between zinc salts and L-α-methionine

The solubility properties of ZnCl\-2/ZnAc\-2/ZnSO\-4_Met_H\-2O systems at 25℃ in the whole cocentration range have been investigated by phase equilibrium method. The results indicate that ZnAc\-2 and ZnSO\-4 systems are both simple systems, which do not exist any compound; there are 2 complexes formed in ZnCl\-2 system: Zn(Met)Cl\-2 and Zn(Met)\-2Cl\-2·2H\-2O. Under the direction of phase equilibrium result, 2 solid complexes have been prepared in water and characterized by chemical analysis, IR, X_ray diffraction. Their combustion energies have also been determined by means of a RBC_type_1 rotating_bomb calorimeter, and their standard enthalpies of formation, Δ f, coor(s)H O-, have been calculated which are (-828.32±3.00) kJ·mol -1 and (-1 117.08±6.15) kJ·mol -1, respectively.     

Equilibrium geometric structure and electronic properties of Cl and H2O co-adsorption on Fe (100) surface

Based on the first principles density functional theory, the equilibrium geometric structure and surface electronic properties of Cl and H₂O co-adsorption on the Fe (100) surface are investigated. The results indicate that the optimal adsorption site for Cl and H₂O co-adsorption on the Fe (100) surface is the location of Cl at the bridge site and H₂O at the top site. Compared with the Fe (100)/H₂O adsorption system, remarkable changes in geometric structure and electronic properties occur, owing to the presence of Cl in the Fe (100)/(H₂O+Cl) adsorption system. The analysis of equilibrium geometric structure and surface electronic properties shows that the presence of Cl in the Fe (100)/(H₂O+Cl) adsorption system unstablizes the Fe surface, making it easy to lose electrons. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 50675112, 50721004) and Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (Grant No. 20070003103)     

A Novel Degradation Pathway of Zn（dmid） （ phen）2 in Pyridine

The light-oxidation degradation processes of Zn(dmid)(phen)2(dmid = 4, 5-dimercapto-1,3-dithiole-2 one, phen = 1,10-phenanthroaline) in pyridine solvent has been monitored, h has been found under the light, dmid^2- of Zn(dmid)(phen)2 in pyridine solution could generate NCS^- and NCS^-replaces dmid^2- to form Zn(NCS)2 (phen)2 simultaneously. The crystal structure of Zn(NCS)2 (phen)2 has been determined. In the crystal of Zn(NCS)2 (phen)2. two NCS^- ligands are arranged in syn-configuration, and there is strong π-π interaction between the two adjacent parallel phen.     

Zn(OH)4-6和Zn(H2O)2+6系列配合物的电子结构

采用密度泛函理论(DFT)的B3PW91方法，在Lanl2dz、6-31G(d,p)、6-311++G(d,p)基组水平上对具有不同点群对称性的Zn(OH)^4-₆及Zn(H₂O)²⁺₆系列配合物的几何构型进行了全优化并在B3PW91/6/311++G(d,p)水平上对前线轨道、振动频率等性质进行了分析。Zn(OH)^4-₆系列配合物中具有D_3d点群对称性的构型最稳定，Zn(H₂O)²⁺₆系列配合物中具有T_h点群对称性的构型最稳定。从体系能量角度考虑，Zn(OH)^4-₆·6H₂O体系比Zn(H₂O)²⁺₆·6OH^-体系稳定。通过振动分析得到的O—H键吸收峰在3816和1638cm^-1位置处，Zn—O键的吸收峰在541和391cm^-1位置处，与文献报道的实验数值相符，证明所采用的理论方法及基组适用于研究Zn(OH)₆^4-和Zn(H₂O)²⁺₆系列配合物的电子结构。     

Preparation and kinetics of the thermal decomposition of nanosized CuC2O4−ZnC2O4·2H2O

The physical mixture of nanosized CuC₂O₄−ZnC₂O₄·2H₂O, as precursors of CuO−ZnO, have been prepared by the one-step solid state reaction method at room temperature. The thermal decomposition processes taking place in the solid state oxalate mixture of nanometer CuC₂O₄−ZnC₂O₄·2H₂O have been studied in static air using TG, DSC, XRD and TEM techniques. TEM showed that the grain size of the decomposition product is 5–15 nm. The values of the activation energyE _α were determined using the isoconversional procedure of KAS method and the Ozawa method. The most possible mechanism functionf(α) of the thermal decompositions of nanosized CuC₂O₄−ZnC₂O₄·2H₂O are defined using the comparative method, function models of the decomposition of CuC₂O₄ and ZnC₂O₄ follow the same mechanism function “Avrami-Erofeev equation”. The pre-exponential factorA is obtained on the basis ofE _α andf(α), thus the thermal analysis kinetic triplet of the decompositions of nanosized CuC₂O₄−ZnC₂O₄·2H₂O are determined. Foundation item: Supported by the key Natural Science Fund of Deparartment of Science and Technology of Hubei Province (2001ABA099). Biography: CHEN Donghua(1946-), male, Professor, research direction: material synthesize and thermal, analysis kinetics.     

White organic light-emitting devices using Zn（BTZ）2 doped with Rubrene as emitting layer

Zn(BTZ)2 was synthesized from the complex reaction between zinc acetate dihydrate and 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl) benzothiazolate. Then Zn(BTZ)2 was used as main light-emitting material doped with different amounts of fluorescent dye Rubrene and fabricated a series of white organic light emitting devices. The configurations were as follows: ITO/PVK:TPD/Zn(BTZ)2:Rubrene/Al. The doping concentration of Rubrene in Zn(BTZ)2 was 1.2%, 0.12%, 0.08% and 0.05%, respectively. According to the EL spectra and CIE coordinates of the above devices, the optimum doping concentration (0.05%, weight percent) had been determined. The steady and bright white light emitting of the device with 0.05% doping concentration had been obtained, and the white emission covered a wide range of driving voltage (10--22.5 V). The CIE coordinates were (x=0.341, y=0.334) at the driving voltage of 20 V, which was very close to the equi-energy point (x=0.333, y=0.333), and the corresponding luminance and external quantum efficiency were 4048 Cd/m^2 and 0.63% (4.05 Cd/A), respectively. Lastly, we also discussed the emitting mechanisms of the material and the devices.     

Structural diversity and reactivity of d^10 metal- （4-pyridylthio）acetate system

The hydrothermal synthesis and crystal structures of four coordination polymers, namely, 2D [Zn（μ3-ta）（pytaH）]n （1）, 2D [Zn（μ3-pyta）Cl]n （2）, 1D [Cd（μ-pyta）2（H2O）]n （3）, and 3D [Cd（μ3-pyta）（μ-Cl）]n （4） （pyta = （4-pyridylthio）acetate, ta = thioglycolate）, are reported. They are based on （4-pyridylthio）acetate and its derived ligand. The ta^2- ligand present in 1 was generated from an in situ C（sp^2）-S bond cleavage of the pyta ligand. In these compounds, versatile intermolecular interactions, such as close S…S interactions and strong （O-H…O/N/S） or weak （C-H…O/S, C-H…Cl） hydrogen bonding interactions, play an important role in the formation of three-dimensional supramolecular networks in the solid state.