基于CAE技术的轿车前围板全工序模面设计方法

为了构建高质量轿车覆盖件模面,以轿车前围板为研究对象,应用CAE技术全程驱动制件模面的设计方法,依次完成制件的翻边、切边冲孔和拉延工序的模面设计,探讨各工序模面设计过程中的关键点.针对数值模拟结果,分析制件全工序模面的成形性情况并提出对应的优化方法.结果表明:应用CAE技术的全工序模面设计方法,能够有效、快速地获得制件的成形工艺模面,实现全工序模面设计与多步冲压成形仿真与优化设计的无缝对接.     

圆筒形件拉延与反拉延成形数值模拟研究

针对圆筒形件拉延成形受到很多因素影响导致拉延失败的问题,以一个带有8mm反拉延台阶的圆筒形件为研究对象,首先分析制件数模与拉延成形关键工艺参数的计算,确定了制件的成形工艺方案;然后综合应用CATIA与AutoForm软件建立了制件模具的有限元模型并进行了求解;针对模拟结果进行了切边工艺优化,获得成功。研究表明,圆筒形件合理的工艺方案为:OP10料片,切边线优化;OP20拉延,放大凹模圆角半径R;OP30二次拉延,减小凹模圆角半径R;OP40反拉延,放大凹模圆角半径R;OP50整形,减小凹模圆角半径R;OP60切边。     

基于模面工程的轿车侧围拉延成形数值模拟

为快速确定复杂车身外覆盖件拉延工艺方案,提高CAD模面设计效率,以轿车侧围为研究对象,针对性地分析制件的成形特点,采用CAE技术全程驱动制件的模面设计方法设计制件的拉延模面,并进行数值模拟计算研究.结果显示,轿车侧围模面零件边界区域内成形充分,无开裂与起皱等成形性问题,模面上发生成形性问题的部位主要位于零件边界区域外,不影响零件的拉延成形质量.研究表明采用FEM技术的CAE软件AutoForm能够有效驱动复杂车身外覆盖件的模面工程实施.     

轿车座椅座盆拉延成形数值模拟研究与应用

针对某款轿车座椅座盆,应用CAE有限元仿真软件Auto Form,首先分析了零件特征与成形工艺方案,介绍了料片获取与拉延成形主要参数的计算方法,并通过分步拉延成形工具运动过程设置与分段等效拉延筋的应用获得了可以指导后期模具开发的模拟结果;然后根据所建立的仿真模型及模拟结果设计开发了一套拉延模具并做了实冲试验;最后通过所获制件的外观质量辨别与形位公差测量反馈了拉延成形数值模拟的有效性。     

基于Autoform多工位连续冲压成形数值模拟

文章通过研究某轿车C柱连接支架件零件图,确定零件成形工序,并运用Autoform软件分析计算零件的原始毛坯展开图,初步确定零件的成形工艺方案。采用Autoform软件、单工位多工序的有限元建模及数值模拟方法模拟板料的多步成形过程,研究板料的成形工艺(凸、凹模间隙)、成形效果(是否有开裂、起皱、叠料)及弯曲回弹量等对板料变形情况的影响,从而确定合理的工艺参数,制定合理的工艺方案,并通过实冲验证了数值模拟的有效性。     

基于正交试验的深筒形制件拉延成形工艺参数优化

为控制深筒形制件的多步冲压成形质量,采用成形仿真工艺方案优化和正交试验设计的均值差分析工艺参数优化方＝０.２００、ｆ法,研究了制件成形过程中拉延摩擦系数ｆ２２>Ｑ２,最优工艺参数组为ｆ１、反拉延摩擦系数ｆ＝０.１００、Ｑ１＝６０ｋＮ和Ｑ２＝４０ｋＮ,减薄率为Ｔｍｉｎ皱现象且成形质量得到进一步提升。得出结论:该方法对制件成形工艺的质化与量化调整具有一定的工程应用价值。向异性导致的“凸耳”现象。采用正交试验设计的均值差分析工艺参数优化,获得影响Ｔｍｉｎ和Ｔｍａｘ因素的主次关系为ｆ＝０.１４０４,制件无开裂与起响。结果表明:增大拉延圆角后,消除了材料因弯曲与反弯曲变形流入过慢导致的开裂现象;优化切边线后,减少了材料因各１＝－０.１３０３、Ｔｍａｘ２、拉延压边力Ｑ１和反拉延压边力Ｑ２对减薄率Ｔｍｉｎ和Ｔｍａｘ的影１>Ｑ１>ｆ关键词:深筒形制件;多步冲压成形;正交试验;均值差     

轿车座椅圆管挤凸全工序冷挤压模具设计与应用

圆管挤凸冷挤压技术广泛应用在轿车座椅骨架加工中,但一模成形全工序冷挤压模具的综合技术实施难度大。首先对冷挤压零件全工序进行分析,并对冷挤压时坯料软化、表面及润滑处理做了规范的选择;然后,应用UG软件,设计了一种轿车座椅圆管挤凸全工序冷挤压模具,分析了模具的结构与原理;最后,做了实冲试验。试验表明,仅通过更换凸包成形组件,可解决两种制件的挤压加工问题,且制件成形质量符合检具检验,投产后模具能够适应批量生产要求。     

车身内板件多步冲压成形联动仿真方法及其应用

为了更真实地模拟车身钣金件多工位级进冲压成形,达到高效指导制件成形工艺调整的目的,以某型轿车车身内板件为研究对象,以AutoForm软件为仿真平台,对制件进行工艺分析,设计了制件的5工位条料排样图.以此为基础建立制件的多步冲压成形联动仿真三维有限元模型,应用增量法理论的"静力隐式"全拉格朗日有限元法,对制件的弹塑性本构关系模型进行联动仿真求解,获得了O P05～O P50工位的联动仿真结果.结合制件厚度分析图与成形极限图,重点分析了O P40和O P50工序的成形性问题.     

CAE驱动的轿车横梁拉延工艺模面设计

为了生成曲面质量较高,并方便输出与CAD系统协同的曲面构建,以轿车横梁结构件为研究对象,应用CAE软件AutoForm,采用CAE全程驱动制件模面设计的方法,设计了制件的拉延模面,探讨了模面设计过程中的关键设计要点,研究了对应模面的拉延成形情况,针对成形数值模拟结果提出了合理的优化方法。结果表明:CAE全程介入的轿车横梁模面设计,能够快速、有效地获得拉延成形工艺模面,进而提高了模具的开发效率,缩短了模具的开发周期。     

应用有限元逆向法确定板料形状

合理的板料形状可以提高板料成形质量,降低成本.有限元逆向法确定成形类零件的板料具有很高的可靠性,文章用一盒形件模型验证了其真实性和精确性,并结合实例进行了逆向法的应用.该方法适用于少无切边零件板料确定,同时可得到初步的零件成形分析.而对于带有切边余量大的拉延类覆盖件的板料,应用有限元逆向法对凸模展开,其结果可作为拉延板料快速确定的参考.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.