冻结壁原始冻胀力的分析与计算方法

进行冻结壁厚度设计时，通常采用永久地太值作为外荷载，往往导致设计的冻结壁厚度不足，本文通过粘土冻胀的成因分析，得出需用原始冻胀力这一被动地压值作为设计冻结壁厚度外荷载的结论，并用理论推导的方法得出原始冻胀力的求算公式。     

交叉中隔壁法隧道施工技术探讨

由于我国交通技术的飞快发展,越来越多高速公路开工建设。面对着本有的地理特征,很多公路都会涉及到隧道开挖的技术。将结合保腾高速公路勐连一号隧道,介绍交叉中壁法在公路隧道中的应用技术,通过分析其施工原理以及施工技术应用过程,为类似公路隧道施工提供参考和借鉴,使其更好地应用到隧道施工技术中。     

客运专线隧道双侧壁导坑法施工技术

介绍了双侧壁导坑法特点，从施工工艺要点、施工注意事项等方面阐述了客运专线隧道双侧壁导坑法施工技术。     

龙固矿副井冻结壁温度场有限元数值模拟

冻结时间、冻结壁厚度和冻结壁温度场的性状是冻结法施工的关键参数。对实际工程主圈加双圈辅助孔冻结管下冻结壁的形成及其变化规律进行了数值计算。利用ANSYS大型有限元计算程序，得出了冻结壁厚度、冻结壁平均温度、冻结时间等参数，为冻结井的施工提供了必要的依据。     

大跨浅埋软弱围岩隧道施工工艺

详细介绍了塘朗山隧道洞口浅埋、软弱围岩段采用中壁法开挖施工的技术要点,以期为同类工程提供了参考。     

浅谈新奥法公路隧道施工的体会

新奥法施工是岩土力学与信息学的良好结合。以喷射混凝土和锚杆作为主要支护手段,通过监测控制围岩的变形,动态修正设计参数和变动施工方法的一种隧道施工方法,其核心内容是充分发挥围岩的自承能力。因此,施工过程中要充分重视监控量测的作用。     

用分区法X射线心脏造影片上测量左心室壁运动的异常

本文提出了一种定量分析左心室壁运动并计算壁运动异常的方法，将左心室壁的移动区域划分为１００区，在这１００区中分别测量心室壁运动的情况，并以心周长进行归一化，这种方法的失败率很低，且可精确区正常心室壁与异常部位。     

软岩大跨隧道施工力学研究

深圳大梅沙隧道修建于软弱围岩中，断面呈扁平状，且施工工序复杂，地层和支护结构的受力状态频繁变化。为保证施工过程中支护结构和围岩的稳定，采用ANSYS程序对施工过程中围岩和支护结构体的受力状态进行了模拟计算，结果表明：采用双侧壁导坑法施工，导坑的围岩应力呈不对称分布，尤其在临时支护与永久支护的结合部位会出现应力集中现象；中洞上步开挖是施工过程中最不利环节，容易产生较大的卸荷效应，引起拱顶和地表的大幅度沉降。据此提出了对拱部支护及时施作二次衬砌以及对拱腰和边墙底部围岩采取注浆加固等技术措施，保证了围岩和支护结构的稳定。     

刀柱采煤法采空区下长壁采场顶板控制研究

极近距离煤层组上分层刀柱法回采后，通过对煤柱稳定性的分析及顶板运动特征的研究，得到了下分层长壁采动后顶板结构特征，预计了采场顶板压力的来源和计算方法。实践证明结论可靠。     

冬季砼施工技术

浅谈自冬季砼施工方法.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.