基于双层循环的流水车间调度与设备维护鲁棒集成优化方法

针对流水车间调度、预防维护、故障维护的集成优化问题,为了制定出在随机故障影响下仍然相对稳定的调度方案,特提出一种采用双层循环结构的鲁棒优化算法。外层循环通过邻域搜索优化加工序列,确定预防维护位置;在内层循环的灰狼优化算法中嵌入两种改善算子:一是采用基于关键路径的启发式规则改善闲置时间初始解的性能,二是利用交叉算子加强低等级狼群间的信息交流。实验结果表明,与对比算法相比,本文算法能取得的最优解和平均解的性能更优越,插入闲置时间方法所获得的调度方案更具鲁棒性。     

基于遗传算法的电梯群控鲁棒优化模型

针对电梯群控调度过程中交通流不确定的问题,建立了鲁棒优化模型,利用遗传算法对所建模型进行求解.对于不确定线性优化问题,研究了不确定集的选择以及模型鲁棒对等式转化方法.仿真实验中,利用电梯群控虚拟仿真环境对鲁棒优化调度算法在不同交通流下进行了验证.以300人/15 min的混合交通流模式为例,鲁棒优化算法的平均候梯时间比静态分区算法降低12.77 s;平均乘梯时间比最小等待时间算法降低9.7 s;电梯启停次数比静态分区算法少8次.实验结果表明,鲁棒优化调度算法对不同交通模式具有更好的适应性,可以减小交通流不确定性的影响,提高电梯群控调度性能.     

机炉协调控制系统的鲁棒性能分析

为克服传统鲁棒控制算法的保守性,提出一种概率范式下评价参数不确定控制系统鲁棒性能的方法。该方法能以累积频率曲线的形式直观地对任意性能水平下不同控制系统的鲁棒性能进行比较;同时,针对机炉协调控制系统设计一种鲁棒反馈线性化控制器,并运用上述评价方法将其与传统的精确反馈线性化控制器的鲁棒性能进行对比。仿真结果显示鲁棒反馈线性化控制器具有更为优越的鲁棒性能,同时验证了所提出的控制系统鲁棒性能评价算法的有效性。     

不确定性集装箱码头泊位与岸桥分配问题

泊位和岸桥是集装箱码头至关重要的战略资源,如何合理有效地分配泊位和岸桥资源,受到了研究者的重视.文章对不确定环境下的泊位分配和岸桥分配的联合鲁棒调度问题进行了研究,在传统泊位分配和岸桥分配模型的基础上建立了该模型的鲁棒对应式,并将其转化为鲁棒优化模型.针对模型特点设计了分支定界算法,最后通过具体算例,给出了分支定界算法的求解结果,分析了得到的泊位与岸桥调度计划的鲁棒性.实验结果说明,本文所建立的鲁棒性泊位与岸桥调度模型可以通过调节保护水平参数控制解的鲁棒性,具有很强的实际意义.     

机炉协调控制系统的鲁棒性能分析

为克服传统鲁棒控制算法的保守性,提出了一种概率范式下评价参数不确定控制系统鲁棒性能的方法。该方法能以累积频率曲线的形式直观地对任意性能水平下不同控制系统的鲁棒性能进行比较;同时,针对机炉协调控制系统设计了一种鲁棒反馈线性化控制器,并运用上述评价方法将其与传统的精确反馈线性化控制器的鲁棒性能进行对比。仿真结果显示鲁棒反馈线性化控制器具有更为优越的鲁棒性能,同时也验证了所提出的控制系统鲁棒性能评价算法的有效性。     

含分布式储能的主动配电网鲁棒优化经济调度方法

为克服风电输出的不确定性,基于鲁棒优化中的worst-best理论,提出一种主动配电网的鲁棒优化经济调度模型.该模型采用拉丁超立方采样方法生成风电场景集表征风电预测的不确定性.在建模过程中,引入分布式储能的等效运维成本,同时以微型燃气轮机、分布式储能和主动配电网购电/售电调度成本最低为目标函数,采用基于随机变异的粒子群优化算法对模型进行求解,可得到极端场景下运行成本最小的调度方案.仿真结果验证了该模型及求解算法的有效性,得到的调度方案能在风电预测误差范围内满足系统所有约束条件,并给出经济性最优的调度方案.与确定性经济调度方案进行对比可知,本文所提出的调度方案具有更强的鲁棒性.     

基于Benders分解的鲁棒最短路算法

为了研究路段行程时间不确定条件下的最短路问题,采用区间数据表示路段行程时间,介绍了鲁棒偏差和鲁棒成本的概念,并据此给出鲁棒最短路的定义,运用鲁棒优化中的min-max准则构建了鲁棒最短路问题的混合整数规划模型。通过固定路径决策变量将鲁棒最短路问题分解为子问题和主问题,同时结合对偶理论给出子问题的对偶模型。在此基础上设计出鲁棒最短路问题的Benders分解算法,采用AMPL编程实现算法并调用CPLEX进行求解。并在一个仿真网络中对本研究方法进行了验证分析。研究结果表明,相较于传统最短路Dijkstra算法,本研究方法求得的鲁棒最短路在不确定网络中具有更强的可靠性,设计的算法迭代效率较高,能迅速缩小迭代范围并找到最优解。     

不确定因素下电子侦察卫星鲁棒性调度方法

针对卫星电子侦察过程中的各种不确定因素,提出了一种静态调度与反应式调度相结合的鲁棒性调度方法.静态调度中针对具有随机分布特性的侦察数据量,并考虑卫星的使用约束和任务约束,建立了机会约束混合整数规划模型;提出了基于罚函数的进化算法,用以解决模型的非线性与非凸特性,结合蒙特卡罗抽样的罚函数用以解决模型的随机性.反应式调度中针对新任务提交、资源失效和任务执行失败等离散不确定因素,提出了一种快速启发式任务插入算法,基于初始调度方案,有效降低调度复杂度.仿真实验表明该方法适用于解决不确定因素下电子侦察卫星调度问题.     

基于网络的中立型随机时滞系统的H_∞滤波

针对一类中立型不确定随机时滞系统,研究其在网络环境下的鲁棒H∞滤波问题,其中网络因素包括信号传输时滞和数据包丢失.通过构造参数依赖的Lyapunov-Krasovskii泛函、应用投射引理以及引入若干参数依赖的自由权矩阵,给出了滤波误差系统鲁棒随机稳定并具有给定H∞性能的时滞依赖充分条件,解决了将信号传输时滞和数据包丢失考虑在内的鲁棒H∞滤波器的设计问题.     

基于循环取料的不确定越库调度模型与算法

研究运输时间不确定环境下基于循环取料的越库调度问题.对问题建立不确定情况下求解该问题的混合整数规划模型;提出2阶段启发式算法和基于禁忌搜索算法的改进算法来获得近似最优解;通过在小规模和大规模情形下进行数值实验,验证了启发式算法的有效性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.