9例骨梗死的影像学分析

目的:探讨骨梗死的X线平片、CT和MRI影像特点及诊断价值.方法:9例骨梗死分别行X线平片、CT或MRI检查,并经临床随访或手术病理证实,分析总结其影像学特征.结果:9例患者共累及12个部位,股骨下段7处,胫骨上段3处,股骨颈1处,髂骨1处;X线平片、CT在病变不同时期表现为局部的骨质密度减低,环形、斑片状高密度影或不...     

登革热的流行趋势与防控(英文)

中国在2014年经历了近10年来最严重的登革热疫情,截至10月底,登革热病例超过4万例,其中6例死亡.随着全球化、人类聚居和气候等因素的变化,登革热这一"被忽视"的热带疾病在全球范围所影响的人群日益扩大.近期的研究估计全球每年有3.9亿人被登革热病毒感染,其中约0.96亿出现不同程度的症状.尽管75%的登革热感染者不会出现临床症状,但严重的登革热疾病可能致命.登革热在我国是法定传染病之一,自2005年开始的登革热监测显示该疾病在我国的传播趋势发生着变化,特别是暴发疫情出现的时间间隔逐渐缩短.迄今尚无预防登革热感染的疫苗,也缺乏治疗该疾病的特效药物.但值得关注的是,近期国外的一项临床试验已证实一种四价登革热疫苗的有效性.除了疫苗药物的研发,依托准确的实验室诊断技术开展高灵敏度的登革热监测是防控登革热的又一关键.同时,研发新型高效的病媒防治技术也势在必行.     

小儿登革热70例临床分析

登革热(Dengue fever)是一种蚊媒黄病毒引起的急性传染病。1985年9月海南儋县(现为儋州市)北部地区发生疑似登革热病例报告,随后从患者急性期血清和当地优势蚊种——埃及伊蚊(Aedes asgrpti)中分离得登革热Ⅱ型病毒。至1986年10月疫情由儋县逐渐扩散全岛十县二市,发病率高达1913/10万,病死率为0.25％。现将我科1986年7月——12月收治的70例分析如下: 1 临床资料 1.1 诊断标准参照世界卫生组织诊断标准,所有病人均符合下列条件:1、发生于流行季节和流行地区;2、具有登革热临床特征,突然起病,发热,头部、全身肌肉及四肢关节疼痛、皮疹、粘(结)膜充血或出血,浅表淋巴结肿大,外周血白细胞或血小板减少等。     

乳腺湿疹样癌(Paget's病)7例临床分析

目的:Paget's病(Paget's disease,PD)在临床上容易误诊或延迟诊断,影响患者预后.本研究总结Paget's病的临床病理特点及治疗经验,以提高对该病的认识,早期诊治水平及降低误诊率.方法:回顾性分析我中心收治的7例湿疹样乳腺癌患者的临床资料,并进行文献复习.结果:7例患者的中位年龄为60岁,大部分为绝经后患者(5/7),起病至确诊的中位时间为12个月.临床表现主要为乳头乳晕区的湿疹样改变(6/7).病理类型大多数为Paget's病伴浸润性导管癌(5/7).5例接受改良根治术治疗(5/7).中位随访27个月,1例患者于术后20月出现颈部淋巴结转移,另1例患者死于非乳腺疾病,2例均为PD伴浸润癌,其余5例长期无瘤生存.结论:Paget's病多表现为乳头乳晕区湿疹样变,初诊误诊率高;不同影像学检查方法的检出率不同,核磁共振(MRI)相对较高,最终需要病理活检确诊.单纯Paget's病预后较好,而伴浸润性导管癌或导管原位癌的PD,淋巴结转移率高,预后不佳,因此需结合肿瘤的临床病理特征及分子分型进行综合治疗.     

36例上尿路结石梗阻性脓肾的腔内治疗

目的:探讨运用腔内泌尿外科技术治疗上尿路结石梗阻性脓肾的疗效.方法:对36例上尿路结石性脓肾患者行腔内治疗(8例Ⅰ期行经尿道输尿管镜取石术;28例Ⅰ期先行微创经皮肾造瘘引流术,Ⅱ期行经皮肾镜取石术和/或经尿道输尿管镜取石术).对所有患者的临床资料进行分析回顾.结果:所有患者术后腰痛、发热及尿频尿急等症状均基本改善,无近远期严重并发症出现.术后随访3～18月,1例因反复肾盂肾炎最后行患肾切除,2例患肾明显萎缩,7例患肾轻微萎缩.结论:采用腔内泌尿外科技术治疗结石性脓肾是可行有效的,可作为首选.     

应用内镜多隧道粘膜下剥离术治疗食管癌临床效果观察

目的:探究应用内镜多隧道黏膜下剥离术(ESTD)治疗食管癌的临床效果,并观察癌变前的特征.方法:我院内镜中心行内镜黏膜下剥离术(ESD)治疗的58例早期食管癌患者为研究对象,分析患者的临床资料,术后评价病灶平均直径、病灶周径、整块切除率、完整切除率、手术切除后标本病理结果等临床数据,对患者进行术后随访.结果:应用ESTD治疗有15例患者病灶切除率达到100%,根治性切除率86.7%,对于大面积食管早癌的治疗,相比于报道的ESD中整块切除率与根治性切除率分别为92%、70%,ESTD中整块切除率与根治性切除率分别为100%、81.8%,术后对患者随访恢复状况良好,复发率为1.72%.结论:应用ESTD治疗食管癌早期患者,临床效果更为显著,具有广阔的临床应用前景.     

妊娠合并流行性出血热7例报道

目的:研究妊娠合并流行性出血热(EHF)的临床特点及对母婴预后影响,为临床诊治提供参考.方法:总结7例妊娠合并流行性出血热患者的临床资料,对其特征性临床表现、辅助检查及母儿预后情况进行分析.结果:(1)临床表现:6例(85.7%)患者有发热,5例(71.4%)有不同形式的出血.(2)辅助检查:7例患者均出现血小板减少、凝血功能障碍、APTT与TT延长、肝酶升高、低血钾及EHF-IgM抗体阳性.(3)预后情况:孕妇4例痊愈、2例遗留肾功异常、死亡1例.而胎儿-新生儿预后:2例新生儿健康,1例早产儿合并先心病、坏死性小肠炎,3例胚胎-胎儿死亡;1例胎心好孕22周患者失访.结论:妊娠合并EHF母儿病死率均高,主要临床表现为发热、出血,特征性表现为血小板减少、凝血功能障碍、肝酶升高及低血钾,确诊的依据为EHF-IgM阳性.     

内侧型蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤的显微外科治疗及伽玛刀治疗

目的:探讨显微外科手术和伽玛刀治疗内侧型蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤的有效性.方法:回顾性分析39例内侧型蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤的临床病例资料,采用翼点或改良翼点入路者30例,额下入路者5例,额颞眶颧入路者4例,复发的5例及未全切的8例患者接受伽玛刀治疗.结果:肿瘤全切(SimpsonⅠ级及SimpsonⅡ级)率为69.2%(27/39),次全切(SimpsonⅢ级)率为20.5%(8/39),部分切除(SimpsonⅣ级)率为10.3%(4/39).复发6例,其中5例接受伽玛刀治疗,控制率为60%(3例),SimpsonⅢ级+Ⅳ级切除12例,其中8例患者接受伽玛刀治疗,肿瘤控制率为75%(6例).随访4个月～8年,平均45个月,预后优良32例,一般4例,差3例,死亡1例.术前视力视野障碍的21例患者有7例术后视力明显改善,9例无明显变化,5例恶化,术前偏瘫或偏侧感觉障碍的7例患者中6例术后有改善,1例加重,术前动眼神经麻痹的6例患者有1例改善,2例无明显变化,3例恶化.术后新出现动眼神经麻痹的患者6例,意识障碍3例,出现对侧肢体偏瘫1例,语言功能障碍1例,精神异常1例,嗅觉丧失1例.结论:内侧型蝶骨嵴脑膜瘤能否全切与肿瘤的位置、大小、质地、瘤周水肿程度、与海绵窦、颈内动脉等的关系有关;术中CUSA与等离子刀的应用,可提高肿瘤全切率;伽玛刀是处理肿瘤术后残余或复发的安全有效措施.     

金属烤瓷冠桥修复体380例临床体会

目的:总结分析临床金属烤瓷冠桥修复体常见的一些问题,找出原因,提出预防措施。方法:通过对临床380例金属烤瓷冠桥修复体患者进行制作,随访和观察,探讨临床上出现的常见问题并分析其原因。结果:380例患者中经过随访、复查,有52%达到满意,40%达较满意,8%为差。结论:金属烤瓷冠桥修复体的制作过程中,必须严格遵守临床操作规范的要求,以确保修得体的质量。     

10例肿瘤导致ABO血型系统抗原减弱病例分析

探讨肿瘤因素导致 ABO 血型系统抗原减弱所引起的定型困难,解放军总医院2002年以来.在血型鉴定时发现10例肿瘤患者血标本,正向定型出现弱凝集或不凝集;反向定型正常,正反定型不一致.其自身对照为阴性,且排除假凝集所致.通过吸收放散、唾液型物质中和试验、H 抗原强度等实验检测弱抗原,并对患者进行随访,在患者病情缓解后重新进行血型鉴定.结果表明10例受检者红细胞上确有弱抗原存在,其中3例血清学实验呈现较明显亚型特征,但肿瘤经过治疗缓解后,亚型特征逐渐减弱甚至消失,定型恢复正常.说明某些肿瘤可以导致 ABO 血型系统抗原减弱,出现正反定型不一致,血清学呈现亚型特征,应综合病情、输血史、家系调查及特殊血清学检查来确定血型,并与亚型相鉴别.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.