浅谈对“效率优先、兼顾公平”的几点思考

"效率优先,兼顾公平"是我国现阶段的分配原则。其中效率原则先于公平原则,公平原则是在效率原则作用的基础上实现的,是对效率原则进行的弥补和校正,因而收入的分配既要体现效率原则,又要反映了公平原则,从而兼顾效率与公平。"坚持效率优先、兼顾公平,既要提倡奉献精神,又要落实分配政策,既要反对平均主义,又要防止收入悬殊。党的十六大报告强调要"坚持效率优先、兼顾公平";"鼓励一部分人通过诚实劳动、合法经营先富起来"。这一收入分配原则,是对马克思主义关于社会主义收入分配理论的创新,是"三个代表"重要思想在社会主义初级阶段收入分配方面的具体体现,是我国在社会主义市场经济条件下处理公平与效率之间关系的基本原则,那么在实际工作中如何理解和准确把握"效率优先、兼顾公平"的精神实质,对于加深理解全面建设小康社会,实现共同富裕的目标具有重要意义。本文就"效率优先、兼顾公平"谈一些粗浅的认识。     

和谐社会视角下的国民收入分配公平问题探悉

构建社会主义和谐社会,其关键与核心之一是使社会公平和分配合理。当前我国收入分配领域存在一些问题,不合理的收入差距严重影响了构建和谐社会的进程,因此,有必要从和谐社会的视角来重新审视我国收入分配领域工作,思考如何实现国民收入分配公平,促进广大人民和谐共享经济发展成果。     

论石化改制企业收入分配制度中的公平与效率问题

石化改制企业收入分配制度在注重效率的同时，要兼顾公平的问题，构建科学合理的收入分配体系，形成和谐的劳动关系。作者在对该类企业收入分配制度现状及形成原因进行分析的基础上，提出了保障改制企业收入分配制度要体现“效率优先、兼顾公平”的制度性措施。     

构建和谐社会与效率优先、兼顾公平是一致的

构建和谐社会是当前社会的焦点话题,在讨论这个话题是一些专业人士和学者提出我们当前的效率优先、兼顾公平与构建和谐社会是互相矛盾的。就此,本文提出构建和谐社会与效率优先、兼顾公平是不矛盾的、是一致的。首先从构建和谐社会和效率优先、兼顾公平的内涵上分析说明不矛盾,并阐明只有继续坚持效率优先、兼顾公平才能真正实现构建和谐社会的愿望。然后具体分析我们现在坚持的效率优先、兼顾公平确实存在一系列的问题,怎么解决这些问题就成了构建和谐社会的关键问题     

再论“公平”与“效率”何者为先

在我国经济快速增长的同时，收入分配的不公平现象越来越严重，这和长期以来分配领域始终坚持“效率优先，兼顾公平”的原则是分不开的。要降低这一政策口号的负面影响，就必须进行政策理念创新，不能只要效率而抛弃公平，而是要使公平与效率在多维度空间的交互作用中达到统一。     

转变分配制度导向，树立科学分配观

分配方式归根结底是由发展生产的需要所决定并为发展生产服务的,先进或合理的分配方式归根结底是有利于发展生产的分配方式。我国的分配方式从计划经济的平均主义,到市场经济条件下的以"效率优先,兼顾公平"为原则的按劳分配制度,再到十六大提出的"确立劳动、资本、技术和管理等生产要素按贡献参与分配"的原则,也说明一定的分配制度是与一定的社会发展阶段相联系的。现阶段,我们要从构建社会主义和谐社会的高度出发,改变目前以增长为导向的分配观,建立以公平正义发展为导向的科学分配观。     

论收入分配差距扩大的成因及如何缩小贫富差距

调整收入分配格局,缩小收入分配差距,不仅关乎到整个社会的公平公正问题,更关系到我国经济结构的调整、经济发展方式的转变和居民生活水平提高等诸多重大问题。我国改革开放20多年来,贫富差距在效率优先,兼顾公平的影响下呈逐步拉大的趋势。缩小贫富差距是建设和谐社会重要基础的内涵。解决贫富差距的问题,关键是制度,只有从市场行为、税收、就业与社会保障方面作出合理的制度安排,才能从根本上缩小贫困差距,推进和谐社会的建设。     

对"公平"与"效率"的再理解

公平与效率在具体的语境、具体的范围内有具体的内涵。“效率优先,兼顾公平”是针对收入分配而言的,它所讲的“公平”既包括起点的公平,又包括经济上较大程度的结果平等。作为我国现行分配政策的基本原则,它在这一特定阈限内具有一定的合理性。     

浅论收入分配中的效率与公平

效率与公平的争论,收入分配中效率与公平的涵义及其相互关系,我国社会主义市场经济体制下实行的“效率优先、兼顾公平”的分配原则的提出、依据与措施。     

浅论和谐社会财富公平配置的方法

随着市场经济的发展,出现了社会财富分配不公和收入差距过大的问题,严重影响我国社会主义和谐社会的构建。本文提出按照市场调节初次分配、政府调节再次分配和效率与公平统一的方法配置社会财富。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-