四角状纳米ZnO的制备及其场发射性能

利用热蒸发法制备出了新颖的四角状ZnO纳米棒. 研究了四角状纳米ZnO的场发射特性. 场发射测试表明四角状ZnO纳米棒具有较好的场发射特性, 开启电场为2.9 V/μm, 阈值电场为5.4 V/μm. 这一结果表明四角状ZnO纳米棒是一种性能优良的冷阴极电子发射源.     

非定向氧化锌纳米线阵列的场发射

使用热蒸发的方法在硅基底上制备了非定向氧化锌（ZnO）单晶纳米线阵列。经过热蒸发之后,在硅基底上形成一层均匀分布的 ZnO 点。在这些 ZnO 点上生长出非定向的 ZnO 纳米线阵列,其中的纳米线直径大约在 10 到 20nm 之间。考虑到实用,在制备样品的过程中硅基底的温度始终保持在 500℃ 以下。然后测量了这些非定向 ZnO 纳米线阵列的场发射特性。在 5.5V·μm^-1 场强下得到了 10μA·cm^-2 的场发射电流密度;同时使用透明阳极技术观察了其场发射中心的分布。     

ZnO纳米线在外加电场下的生长及场发射性能

在外加电场条件下,利用化学气相沉积法制备出了长径比为400:1的四角状ZnO纳米线.利用多功能场发射测试仪对ZnO纳米线进行了场发射特性测试,研究了外加电场对ZnO纳米线生长的影响,讨论了ZnO纳米线在强场下的场发射电流强度饱和现象产生的原因.结果表明:外加电场大大促进了四角状ZnO纳米线在一维方向上的生长,外加电场下制备的ZnO纳米线在电流密度为0.1 mA/cm2的开启场强仅为2.25V/μm,ZnO纳米线在强场下的场发射电流强度饱和现象归因于强场下电子输运速度的饱和.     

纳米ZnO阵列场发射性能研究

目的 为了进一步提高ZnO纳米阵列的场发射性能指标.方法 采用掺杂n型杂质元素Al和衬底预处理的方法生长ZnO纳米阵列,对相应样品的场发射性能进行比较分析.结果 和结论采用Al掺杂和衬底镀Au处理均提高了ZnO纳米阵列场发射的性能,降低了阈值场强.其中衬底镀Au并在此衬底上生长的Al掺杂ZnO纳米阵列开启电场小于0.5 V/μm、阈值电场为4.5 V/μm.     

铜箔上热蒸发沉积ZnO纳米线及其特性

在水平放置的管式炉内,采用热蒸发Zn粉的方法,在铜箔上制备了大量的ZnO纳米线.利用X射线衍射仪、激光拉曼光谱仪、扫描电子显微镜以及荧光光谱仪分别对ZnO纳米线的微结构、形貌及光学性能进行研究.结果表明,合成的ZnO纳米线为六角结构,且具有良好的结晶性能,纳米线的长度在10~50μm之间,直径在80~150 nm之间,生长机制为气相-固相生长机制.荧光光谱表明ZnO纳米线光致发光的主峰为位于387 nm的带隙态发光.     

MWCNT/ZnO纳米线复合阴极薄膜的场发射特性

实验提出以多壁碳纳米管（MWCNT）/ZnO纳米线复合材料作为场发射阴极薄膜,研究其图形化制备工艺以及其场发射特性。用丝网印刷工艺制备图形化MWCNT/ZnO纳米线复合阴极薄膜,实验获得合适的浆料配比以及适合的烘烤和烧结温度。对MWCNT/ZnO纳米线样品进行SEM分析和场发射特性测试,发现图形化阴极设计提高了场发射电流,并且改善场发射发光均匀度;材料组分的低维化明显降低场发射开启电压;加电老练处理有效改善场发射特性。     

丝网印刷ZnO纳米锥的浆料制备及场发射特性研究

针对现有的丝网印刷碳纳米管薄膜需要各种后处理工艺才能改善其场发射特性的问题,提出了一种不需任何后处理的丝网印刷ZnO纳米锥的浆料配制工艺.该工艺以羧甲基纤维素为制浆剂,以水为溶剂,所制备的ZnO纳米锥薄膜表面上的有机浆料已基本分解,ZnO纳米锥在高温下既不会弯曲也不会团聚,且成本低,工艺简单.场发射特性测试表明,ZnO纳米锥与制浆剂质量比为3∶5的薄膜在电流密度为0.01 A/m^2时,最低开启场强为2.25 V/μm,在4 V/μm场强下,阳极荧光粉的发光点亮度高且分布均匀.该工艺在ZnO纳米锥场发射显示器的制作中有很好的实际应用价值.     

ZnO纳米线膜的可控生长及其量子限域效应研究

针对ZnO半导体低维纳电子/光电子器件中纳米线膜的可控性差及其所导致的特性不稳定问题,利用ZnO纳米籽晶层作为引导层,以实现ZnO纳米线膜的垂直取向生长和尺度分布可控制备,并研究低维量子限域效应对ZnO纳米线膜光电特性的影响机制,利用湿化学法在氧化铟锡导电玻璃上制备ZnO籽晶层,随后利用低温水热法进行ZnO纳米线膜的引导生长,样品的显微结构和物相分析表明,通过调节籽晶热处理温度和生长液浓度能够实现ZnO纳米线直径在10～100nm内可调,籽晶热处理温度对纳米线尺度分布影响尤其显著.室温光致发光(PL)谱测试及分析表明,直径小于20nm的ZnO纳米线薄膜样品的PL谱的近紫外带边发射峰相比于更大直径的纳米线样品发生了明显的蓝移,而且半高宽显著减小.利用量子限域效应理论对PL谱带边发射峰随纳米线的尺度分布发生变化的规律进行了合理分析.     

ZnO纳米网状结构的制备

采用热蒸发技术在镀金Si衬底上实现了ZnO纳米网状结构制备.利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射及光致发光技术对ZnO纳米结构的形貌、晶态结构及发光特性进行了分析.结果表明,源材料ZnO和C的质量比为6∶1时有利于ZnO纳米网状结构的形成,该结构由一维纳米线和二维纳米片状结构组成.纳米网状结构主要由晶态ZnO组成.室温的光致发光谱分析结果显示,所制备的纳米ZnO网状结构呈现出了较强的紫外光发射的特征.     

ZnO微纳米结构的制备及其光学性能

在没有催化剂的情况下,空气中直接加热氧化锌片成功制备出ZnO纳米线/纳米片.通过改变反应温度,分别能够获得紧密排列的ZnO纳米线和纳米片.ZnO纳米线和纳米片的直径为几个微米,厚度约为280 nm.室温光致发光测试研究表明其最大可见发射波长在508 nm.该研究工作为纳米器件研制提供了一种简单直接氧化方法,可望高产率制备高质量半导体纳米线和纳米片阵列.     

Field Emission Characterization of 1D-Nanostructural ZnO Grown at Low Temperature

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金刚石薄膜的制备、表征和场发射性能

系统研究了在微波等离子体化学气相沉积(MPCVD)系统中,甲烷浓度、沉积气压、气体流量比、衬底的预处理等参数工艺对金刚石薄膜质量的影响,不同样品的扫描电镜(SEM)图片表明上述参数工艺对金刚石薄膜的微观形貌如:晶粒尺寸、均匀性、膜的连续性、致密性等具有重要影响.金刚石薄膜样品尖锐的1332cm-1Raman峰表明金刚石膜具有很高的晶化质量,与SEM图片一致.最后研究了样品的场发射特性,获得了较低的发射阈值电压4.4V/μm,电压为650V时,得到较高的约128mA/cm2的发射电流密度.     

碳纳米管/纤维阴极场发射平板显示器研制

探索了从碳纳米管/纳米纤维（CNT/CNF）的制备到CNT/CNF阴极场发射平面显示器(c-FED)封装的工艺流程.用化学气相沉积方法,优化制备条件获得了纯度较高的CNT/CNF；以 CNT/CNF和低压荧光粉为原料，采用丝网印刷工艺制作显示器的阴极和阳极；采用类真空荧光显示器的封装工艺封装了c-FED样管.所研制的c-FED具有优良的场发射性能，较好的均匀性及发光密度，黄色荧光粉的c-FED在电场为 2.7 V/μm时的亮度可达600 cd/m².因该显示器使用普通玻璃作为阴阳极基板，整个工艺流程在大面积和实用化方面有很好的应用潜力.      

Field emission characteristics of ZnO nanotetrapods and the effect of thermal annealing in hydrogen

Large-scale tetrapod-like ZnO nanostructures have been synthesized using a thermal chemical vapor deposition method on a silicon substrate. The high-purity nanotetrapods show sharp tips geometry with a wurtzite structure. The field emission properties of the uniform ZnO nanostructural material are investigated at different anode-cathode distances. The turn-on field for the ZnO nanotetrapods is found to be about 3.7 V/μm at a current density of 1 μA/cm^2. The field emission behavior obeys Fowler-Nordheim relationship. More importantly, the field emission properties are improved after annearing in hydrogen, and therefore high emission current and low turn-on field are obtained. These results indicate that tetrapod-like ZnO nanostructures are a promising candidate for cold cathode emitters.     

Fabrication and field emission performance of arrays of vacuum microdiodes containing CuO nanowire emitters grown directly on glass without a catalyst

Arrays of vacuum microelectronic sources are fabricated on a glass substrate using cupric oxide (CuO) nanowire emitters. The arrays of electron sources possess a microdiode structure, which can effectively induce field emission and control the delivery of emitted electrons to the anode in a triode-type device operation. A technique for precisely growing CuO nanowires at the centre of microcavities in an array without using a catalyst and at temperatures as low as 400°C is presented. Such a simplified fabrication procedure results in improved field emission performance from the array compared with previous vacuum microelectronic devices. Typical prototype devices have turn-on gate voltages as low as 169 V to give emission current densities of 10 μA/cm2 at the anode. The ratio of anode current to cathode current reaches ~0.85, and the maximum change in emission current density per volt is 1 μA/cm2. Electron emission from the arrays is stable and reproducible under either pulsed or direct current fields. These characteristics indicate that microgate-controlled CuO nanowire emitters may find application in practical devices.     

正交试验法优化四针状纳米ZnO的制备参数及场发射性能

采用高温气相法生长四针状纳米ZnO.从扫描电子显微镜(SEM)照片可以得出在氧气流量为2SCCM,950℃下生长的ZnO具有较好的表面形貌,且四个针脚较均匀.场发射测试表明,在最佳工艺下生长的四针状纳米ZnO的开启场强为2.45 V/μm,阈值场强为3.4 V/μm,在阳极电压为1 850 V时,发光亮度达到1 520 cd/m2.实验证明四针状纳米ZnO是一种优良的场致发射的阴极材料,有望在场致发射器件中广泛应用.     

四针状纳米氧化锌的制备及其场致发射特性的研究

对利用高温气相氧化法制备四针状纳米氧化锌进行了研究,实验表明：制备炉的温度对样品的性能影响较大,温度低于800℃,短时间内得不到明显的反应产物,温度高于1 000℃,白雾状产物也有所下降,最佳反应温度约为900℃。样品具有优良的场发射特性,开启电场仅为1.6 V/μm。获得1.0 mA/cm^2的电流密度也只需要4.5 V/μm的电场。     

Synthesis of urchin-like Sn–ZnO–C composite and its enhanced electrochemical performance for lithium-ion batteries

Urchin-like Sn–ZnO–C composite have been successfully prepared by thermal annealing of ZnSn(OH)6precursor in acetylene/argon gas(1/9;v/v).The phase of the urchin-like Sn–ZnO–C has been characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD)and Raman spectrum.The images of scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and transmission electron microscope(TEM)demonstrate that the Sn–ZnO–C composite with an average of 3 lm in diameter is composed of many core–shell nanowires and carbon nanotubes emanated from the center.The thermal annealing temperature and time have crucial effects on the formation of urchin-like structure and carbon content of the Sn–ZnO–C composites.As an anode for lithium-ion batteries,the urchin-like Sn–ZnO–C composite delivers a discharge capacity of 1,034.5 mAh/g in initial cycle and 571.9 mAh/g reversible discharge capacity after 25 cycles at a current density of 50 mA/g.The superior energy storage properties highlight the urchin-like Sn–ZnO–C composite as a potential alternative anode material in lithium-ion batteries.     

Simple method to rapidly fabricate chain-like carbon nanotube films and its field emission properties

A simple process to fabricate chain-like carbon nanotube (CNT) films by microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) was developed successfully. Prior to deposition, the Ti/Al₂O₃ substrates were ground with Fe-doped SiO₂ powder. The nano-structure of the deposited films was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Raman spectroscopy. The field electron emission characteristics of the chain-like carbon nanotube films were measured under the vacuum of 10-5 Pa. The low turn-on field of 0.80 V/μm and the emission current density of 8.5 mA/cm2 at the electric field of 3.0 V/μm are obtained. Based on the above results, chain-like carbon nanotube films probably have important applications in cold cathode materials and electrode materials.