双活性基液体活性染料的制备及性能研究

为了制备浓度较高稳定较好的液体活性染料,研究其染色性能,选用双活性基活性染料活性红R-2BF、活性金黄R-4RFN和活性蓝3GF为研究对象．首先对染料进行提纯,得到高纯度的染料,并研究影响染料稳定性的因素,包括pH、无机盐．在此基础上筛选出合适的缓冲溶剂及有机溶剂,配制液体活性染料,并研究液体染料的染色性能．实验结果表明,液体活性染料在pH为7．0左右时,稳定性较好,无机盐的浓度越低染料稳定性越好．缓冲溶液选择Na2HPO4＋KH2PO4且用量为4％、有机溶剂选择正丁醇且用量为3％时,配制的液体活性染料的稳定性及溶解度较好,且液体染料的吸尽率和固色率高于直接用水溶解的粉状染料溶液．     

染整加工对黑色织物表面深度的影响

通过调整染色配方．可以用相对较少的染料染得表面深度值较高的织物；讨论了不同结构染料拼混以后对织物表面深度的影响；通过对织物进行后处理．可以看出织物的表面深度值明显提高．从而达到节约染料．减少废水处理消耗的目的。     

高压脉冲电场对毛发染色效果的影响

为了研究高压脉冲电场对毛发染色效果的影响,试验以18～28岁年龄段人群的黑色头发和染发剂为试材,以染发后毛发的RGB(red green blue)模型提取值作为响应值,并采用等响应面试验法设计试验,以构建和分析高压脉冲电场的电场强度、脉冲宽度以及脉冲个数对毛发染色效果影响的数学模型和机理。试验结果表明：高压脉冲电场同时处理头发和染发剂后最高可提升RGB参数中的蓝色通道值B为3.7%,对应的最优化工艺化参数为：电场强度1 125V/mm、脉冲宽度175μs、脉冲个数52个。因此,高压脉冲电场对头发和染发剂进行处理后再进行染色可改善着色效果,并为毛发染色工艺优化奠定一定基础。     

增进活性染料的固色率和染色牢度途径分析

活性染料色泽鲜艳色谱广,染色工艺简单适应性强,是近年来发展最快的一种环保型染料。但活性染料固色率不是很高,染色牢度也不是很好,这些影响了活性染料的应用。从染色机理和染色工艺等方面分析了活性染料固色率和染色牢度不理想的原因,探讨了提高活性染料固色率和染色牢度的一些方法和途径。     

上染过程中纤维与染料、助剂及介质的相关性

论述了上染体系中纤维与染料、纤维与助剂、纤维与介质的染色相关性。为选择适当的染料、助剂及介质去染色纤维 ,以期达到最佳的匹配提供了参考依据     

The Application of Tea Dyeing to Silk

Vegetable dyes are eco-friendly throughout the full production process. A study is conducted with the purpose of assessing the properties of dye extracted from green tea, black tea and the tea tree cultivated and used in Jiang Nan area of China. The extracted dyes are applied with and without mordants on silk fabric and the dyeing properties are evaluated.     

Trichromatic Combination Foam Dyeing of Cotton Using Reactive Dyes

In order to investigate the optimal foam dyeing process and the compatibility of trichromatic reactive dyes in foam dyeing,varying proportions of ternary mixtures of Remazol Red RGB,Remazol Yellow RGB and Remazol Navy RGB have been used to dye bleached cotton fabric.The results showed that,the optimal dyeing condition in foam dyeing was alkaline agent 15 g/L,stabilizers 0.7g/L,blow ratio 8,and steaming time 1.5 min,respectively.Compared with conventional pad-dyeing,color strength and fixation rate of dyed fabric were higher than those of conventional paddyeing,the dyed fabric had the same washing and rubbing fastness as conventional pad-dyeing and the color shade of dyed fabric was different from that of conventional pad-dyeing.The color triangle,which consisted of 66 dyed fabric samples dyed with trichromatic reactive dyes in different proportions,could provide foundation for computer colorant formulation of the color matching system.     

Influence of Low Temperature Dyeing Accelerant on Acrylic Fiber Dyed with Cationic Dyes

The dyeing behavior of cationic dyes to acrylic fiber with self-made low temperature dyeing accelerant was investigated in this study.Compared with conventional dyeing,the acrylic yarn was dyed with Cationic Turquoise Blue X-GB at 85℃ in the presence of accelerant and absence of accelerant,respectively.The influence of low temperature dyeing accelerant on the dyeing mechanism of acrylic fiber dyed with cationic dye was analyzed through kinetics and thermodynamics study.The results show that adding dyeing accelerant can heighten the equilibrium dye-uptake,dyeing rate constants,diffusion coefficients,and shorten half-dyeing time for acrylic fiber dyed with cationic dyes.Furthermore,the partition coefficient,the standard affinity,and the dye saturation value also increased in the dyeing at 85 ℃.     

筒状棉针织物活性染料冷轧堆染色工艺研究

本文简述了筒状棉针织物冷轧堆染色法的主要问题。通过对国产活性染料进行筛选，配以自制的高效匀染剂，研究制定出了筒状棉针织物冷轧堆染色工艺；在经局部改造的冷轧堆设备上大试生产表明，不仅染色效果优于常规工艺，而且还可节能、节约染化料。     

Study on Dyeing of a Novel,Pro-environment Polylactic Acid （PLA） Fiber Yarn

Seventeen disperse dyes including anthraquinone, azo, methine, nitro, and quinoline dyes were applied to dye the Polylactic Acid （PLA） yarns at different conditions, and the dyebath exhaustion was determined. The result shows that C.I. disperse red 167, C.I. disperse orange 30, and C.I. disperse blue 284 have dye-uptakes greater than 80%. Therefore, they can be used as the three principal dyes for PLA yams. The experiment discovered that the dyes, because of their Monoazo and ester group contents, have a higher dye-uptake for the PLA fiber. The research on the optimization of dyeing techniques suggests that PLA yarn can obtain a high level of dyeing effectiveness at the following conditions： pH 4- 5, dyeing temperture 110℃ for 30- 40 min. Color fastness to perspiration, and waterwashing fastness increased 1 - 1.5 by the addition of the abstergent FB during the reduction clearing.     

两性木素絮凝剂用于模拟染料废水的脱色处理研究

以木质素磺酸钙为原料制备了两性木素絮凝剂LSDC，并将LSDC用于活性艳蓝X-BR、活性黄X-R、活性紫K-3R、活性黑K-BR等多种模拟染料废水的脱色处理。讨论了LSDC投加量和溶液pH值对不同染料脱色效果的影响。实验结果说明，ISDC对各染料的脱色率在投加量0～150mg／L范围内脱色率随投加量增大而增大，同时投加量增加可能引起废水COD。的提高，需控制适当的投加量范围，在投加量不大时不会造成二次污染。染料所含活性基因数目和种类对脱色效果也有较大影响，对实验中涉及的几种活性染料，活性基团数目越多，絮凝脱色量越小。在pH4～8的范围内，活性艳蓝X-BR、活性黄X-R、活性紫K-3R、活性黑K-BR的脱色率分别可达83．7％，99．39％，98．25％和82．13％。     

两性木素絮凝剂用于模拟染料废水的脱色处理研究

以木质素磺酸钙为原料制备了两性木素絮凝剂LSDC,并将LSDC用于活性艳蓝X-BR、活性黄X-R、活性紫K-3R、活性黑K-BR等多种模拟染料废水的脱色处理.讨论了LSDC投加量和溶液pH值对不同染料脱色效果的影响.实验结果说明,LSDC对各染料的脱色率在投加量0～150 mg/L范围内脱色率随投加量增大而增大,同时投加量增加可能引起废水CODCr的提高,需控制适当的投加量范围,在投加量不大时不会造成二次污染.染料所含活性基因数目和种类对脱色效果也有较大影响,对实验中涉及的几种活性染料,活性基团数目越多,絮凝脱色量越小.在pH 4～8的范围内,活性艳蓝X-BR、活性黄X-R、活性紫K-3R、活性黑K-BR的脱色率分别可达83.7%,99.39%,98.25%和82.13%.     

活性染料与反应性染色

结合作者的工作,系统地综 活性染料,活性纤维和交联染色的工作。阐明了三种染色法都有一个共同特点,即以染料－纤维或染料－交联剂一纤维共价键结合,因此染色纤维有着卓越的湿处理牢度。今后不公需要改善活性染料染色中存在的问题,而且要加强活性染色和交联染色,甚至三者交叉的研究,以达到对纤维尽善尽美的要求。     

球衣菌对染料的耐受性及其脱色特性研究

从福州祥坂污水处理厂的活性污泥混合液中分离到1株球衣菌,并就其对染料的耐受性及脱色特性进行了研究.结果表明,该菌株对直接耐晒黑、酸性黑ATT等偶氮染料具有良好的耐受性,对碱性橙、碱性棕染料耐受性一般,而对孔雀石绿和碱性品蓝等染料的耐受性较差.综合考虑耐受性及脱色效果,选择酸性黑ATT作为脱色实验染料.该菌对酸性黑ATT的最大耐受极限为1.9 g/L.其脱色效果受温度、pH值、装液量和培养时间的影响较大.酸性黑ATT的最佳脱色条件为:pH值为7.0,温度为28 ℃,培养基装液量为60 mL,接种量为4%,培养时间为4 d.在此条件下,菌株对酸性黑ATT的脱色率可达93.30%.     

具有超高固色效应的多胺型交联染料合成及应用研究

合成了吡唑啉酮单偶氮黄色和1,4-二氨基蒽醌系蓝色四乙烯五胺型交联染料,利用分子链上剩余氨基的高反应性及同一分子链上存在多个可反应基团的优点,通过交联染色和固色实现染料在纤维上的超高固色率,实现染色的绿色化.用浸染和轧染的染色方法将交联染料应用于丝绸和棉纤维染色,然后用硫酸酯乙基砜型交联剂,两浸两轧、焙烘固色染色纤维.研究结果表明在pH为4时该两只染料竭染率最高,并且用交联剂固色后交联率均大于98%,染色纤维具有较好的日晒牢度、摩擦色牢度和水洗色牢度.     

基于UPLC/Q-TOF MS对故宫纺织品文物中红色染料成分的分析鉴定

对清代红色纺织品的染料进行提取,通过超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱联用技术（UPLC/Q-TOF MS）对纺织品染料提取液进行分离检测,将其提取液和中国古代常用于染红的植物提取液的指纹图谱进行对比分析,发现该红色纺织品由苏木经过铝盐媒染而成。随后利用该方法对古代常用红色植物染料（红花、苏木、茜草）中的主要色素成分进行分析鉴定,从中分离出红花红色素、氧化苏木素、茜素等多种色素成分,为古代红色纺织品染料来源的判断提供科学依据。     

Comparison between the Direct Dyeing Kinetics of Bamboo and Conventional Viscose Fibers

Two direct dyes were applied to conventional viscose(CV)and bamboo viscose(BV)fibers,which were prepared from bamboo cellulose pulps,and the dyeing kinetics of two fibers were compared.Three kinetic equations,namely Chrastil,Cegarra-Puente,and Vickerstaff,were used to fit the experimental dyeing rate points,showing that the best result was obtained by the Chrastil equation.BV fibers displayed slightly higher dyeing rates and dye adsorption values at initial stages,but a bit lower dye adsorption values at eq...     

超细纤维用分散染料

从超细纤维的特点出发,分析了超细纤维在染色时出现的问题,从染料分子设计出发,介绍了可用于超细纤维染色的典型分散染料结构,并从偶氮、蒽酯以及杂环类洒料结构的特点。讨论了改进超细纤维用染料的途径。     

羊毛的变性及变性羊毛阳离子染料染色

羊毛经阴离子型活性变性剂处理后，纤维侧基上被引入阴离子型基因，具有和腈纶纤维类似的结构。因而，变性羊毛能够用阳离子染料染色。增大变性剂的分子量、共轭双键数及相对疏水性，变性羊毛用阳离子染料染色时上染速率和上染率均可显著地增大，染色牢度也大为改善，但对酸性染料产生防染作用。从变性羊毛的红外吸收光谱图上可看到，在波数为１１５０～１２６０ｃｍ－１、１０１０～１０８０ｃｍ－１和６００—７００ｃｍ－１处均出现磺酸基的特征吸收峰。变性剂和羊毛间形成共价结合成为纤维侧基的一部分。变性羊毛表面的电性能有较大变化，但其物理机械性能如减溶解度、弹性、断裂强度等基本不受影响。     

Extraction and Application of Natural Mordant Dyes from Eichhornia Crassipes (Water Hyacinth)

Metallic salts are often added as extra mordant when dyeing the fabrics with natural dyes. Eichhornia crassipes,namely water hyacinth( WH),is an environmentally problematic aquatic weed with high affinity for metals. In this paper,WH was selected as the source of natural mordant dyes,and extracted by absolute ethyl alcohol using a soxhlet apparatus. The colorants in WH were extracted and separated by column chromatography and thin layer chromatography( TLC). UV-visible spectrophotometer( UV-VIS),mass spectrometry, chemical identification with chromogenic reaction,and Fourier transform infrared spetroscopy( FTIR) were used to identify the main components of each pigment band. The total metal contents before and after extracting of the WH were determined by using an inductively coupled plasma atomic emission detector. The WH extracts were then used to dye wool fabric. The dyeing properties of WH extracts with and without metal mordant were investigated and compared. The results show that the main components of WH extracts are pheophytin and phyllins. The major metallic elements identified in WH are magnesium, manganese,zinc,and iron. Samples dyed with WH extracts without metal mordant exhibits high K / S values and good dyeing properties. This study indicates that the WH extracts can be used as a natural mordant dye on wool fabrics directly.