基于主动视觉的摄像机线性自标定方法

讨论了一种基于主动视觉的摄像机线性自标定方法,在摄像机为完全的射影模型,即畸变因子(skew factor)存在时,通过控制摄像机作一次纯轴向运动和3组两正交运动即可线性地标定出摄像机的所有5个内参数.当摄像机为四参数模型,即畸变因子为零时,只需控制摄像机作2组两正交运动即可线性标定出其4个内参数.模拟实验和真实图像的实验结果表明,该方法能够比较准确地标定出摄像机的所有内参数.     

基于平面模板的摄像机标定方法

文章提出了一种基于平面模板的摄像机标定方法,仅要求摄像机在3个(或3个以上)的不同方位对同一平面模板进行拍摄,即可标定摄像机参数(包括内参数、外参数、畸变系数).并利用两步法求解摄像机参数.模拟图像和真实图像结果表明,该方法兼顾了标定精度与速度.整个标定过程不需要人为干预,可以自动进行,具有较强的实用性.     

基于正三菱锥的摄像机线性自标定方法

本文在研究传统的摄像机标定方法的基础上,提出了一种基于正三菱锥的摄像机线性自标定方法。该方法通过控制摄像机对正三凌锥模型做一次纯轴向运动和3组两正交运动即可线性的标定出摄像机的5个内参数。实验结果表明,该方法能准确有效的标定摄像机的内参数。     

一种基于平面直线的摄像机标定方法

为使标定算法更加灵活、实用，提出了一种基于平面直线的摄像机标定算法．该算法的平面模板要求含有4个以上直线段，只需要摄像机作运动未知的自由移动，在3个以上的方位摄取一个模板上的图像，即可线性求解摄像机的内外参数．实验结果表明，该算法的精度和鲁棒性都较高．     

自主车辆视觉系统的摄像机动态自标定算法

为了解决自主车辆视觉传感器在姿态变化后摄像机旋转外参数的在线自标定问题,提出了一种利用道路图像消失点相对不变量的摄像机旋转外参数的动态自标定算法.它首先从汽车采集到的道路视频序列中实时分析道路消失点,然后依据中心极限定理并使用相应的统计量,动态地估计主消失点与消失线参数,最后利用小孔成像模型下的消失线与消失点方程,解析地求得对应于当前统计特征的摄像机外部参数动态解.实验结果表明,在摄像机进行姿态调整后,实验系统使用本算法可在不超过90帧有效图像样本的基础上,能对摄像机旋转外参数进行精确标定,使旋转外参数的绝对误差值收敛于0.001 rad的误差带之内.     

一种鲁棒的摄像机标定方法

提出一种基于圆环点的摄像机标定方法,该方法无需已知模板的任何物理度量,即可线性求解出摄像机的内参数矩阵,完全摆脱了匹配问题.并给出了在不增加任何已知条件的基础上求解外参数的线性方法.模拟与图像实验结果表明,该方法在精确度和鲁棒性上较已有方法都有较大提高.     

基于畸变分离的摄像机标定方法

在摄像机标定过程中,为了避免对摄像机模型中的畸变系数进行多次重复标定,提出一种将二阶径向畸变系数与摄像机模型分离的标定方法.该方法利用畸变形成的围线面积作为畸变评测函数,用模拟退火原理改进粒子群算法的惯性权重和学习因子;然后用改进的粒子群算法标定摄像机的畸变系数和图像中心点坐标,最后计算其他的摄像机参数.该方法无需预先知道摄像机的任何内外参数,算法简单,易于实现.实验表明,该方法与传统的非线性优化方法相比,图像坐标的平均反投影误差明显减小,而且具有更好的鲁棒性和精度.     

一种基于单个神经元的摄像机标定自适应算法

传统的标定算法利用标准的参照物与图像点的对应约束关系来求取摄像机参数,其中非线性优化方法标定精度较高,但计算繁琐.为此提出一种基于单个自适应神经元的摄像机传统标定算法,应用一种结构简单、抗干扰能力很强的单个神经元自适应算法代替通常的非线性优化算法进行摄像机标定.实验结果表明该算法无需计算雅可比矩阵,且精度较高,简单可行.     

基于模板匹配的细菌鉴定系统摄像机标定方法研究

在研究传统摄像机标定原理及方法的基础上,针对传统方法的不足,提出了基于CCD的细菌自动鉴定系统的一种特殊的基于模板匹配的单目摄像机标定方法。该方法直接将基于CCD细菌鉴定系统中的96孔酶标模板作为辅助标定装置,仅要求全自动微生物鉴定系统中的摄像机摄取任一幅模板图像,即可根据射影几何内秉的约束条件完成对系统中CCD摄像机焦距、摄像机高度等有效参数的标定,计算量小,有一定的实用性。通过对该方法标定结果与基于空间三角形的标定算法所得结果进行实验比较,证明了该方法的有效性。     

一种结合遗传算法和LM算法的摄像机自标定方法

提出了一种遗传算法和LM算法相结合的摄像机自标定方法。首先利用遗传算法获得若干组摄相机内外参数的初始值,接着利用LM算法对每一组参数进行优化,然后选取映射误差最小的那组参数。如果这组参数的映射误差满足要求,则将这组参数作为摄相机标定的最终结果;否则利用遗传算法对刚才得到的若干组参数进行交叉和变异操作,再利用LM算法优化每一组参数,直至映射误差满足要求。最后将摄像机标定结果用于视差估计,以判断标定结果的正确性。实验结果表明,提出的结合LM算法和遗传算法的摄像机自标定方法是正确有效的。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.