明代七子派“复古而陷伪”说脞谈

明代七子派“复古而陷伪”是一个历史命题．这一命题经过历时性的层层累加．达到了对七子派复古的丑化和妖魔化效果。这一命题有很大局限性，其弊端主要有三其一、失之于对七子派复古的全面理解，侧重于从文学层面进行过度化概括；其二、失之于对七子派复古的多层面阐发，将七子派视为一个整体，无视主流与末流之别；其三、失之于对七子派复古的动态考察，未从变化的角度把握七子派成员不同时期的文学思想，刻意制造七子派与其他文派之争，无视各文学流派之间的交融与传承。王世贞晚年提出“有真我然后有真诗”,有矫正七子派末流之弊的用意。     

严王之争与王世贞心态的发展变化

严、王之争不仅彻底影响了王世贞的政治命运，也从根本上影响了他后半生人格心态之发展。随着严、王之争的展开，王氏以文章垂名不朽的人生志趣逐渐确立；严、王之争也改变了王世贞的文化心态，庄禅思想对王世贞文化心态的渗透使其形成出禅入玄的人生态度。心态的转变使王世贞的眼光更开阔，对于复古与创新、尊雅与尚俗之间的关系理解得也更为透彻，这使他超越了前后七子的其他成员，成为复古派中转变最大也是影响最大的一位。     

论汤显祖戏曲的言情观──兼论明清戏曲发展

以明清戏曲发展为背景，论述了汤显祖戏曲“因情成梦，因梦成戏”的言情观，以反对吴江派以音律为戏曲的审美标准。在此基础上，进一步论述了汤显祖“情”战胜“理”的审美理想。     

王骥德不当列入吴江派辨——以《曲律》为考察中心

王骥德是晚明著名的戏曲理论家,在戏曲研究中他一直被人们作为吴江派的主将而分析研究,但是从他的《曲律》中可以看到,王骥德不但赞赏汤显祖的词采,批评沈璟的鄙俚,而且在具体的戏曲理论方面也和沈璟有很大的不同.针对这些“反常”现象,抛开汤沈之争的派别局限,将王骥德放在晚明戏曲转型的大背景下分析可得,王骥德在晚明转型期的曲坛具有独特的意义.他不但推动了戏曲韵律的规范化,而且看到了词采的重要性,使得戏曲向更加典雅化的道路推进.这对于提升戏曲的地位,改变戏曲是小道的命运无疑是有积极意义的.     

从杜丽娘形象的浪漫主义色彩看汤显祖的“至情”观

在晚明个性解放思潮中，对于明末清初戏曲、小说产生影响最大的莫过于在左派王学影响下，由李贽、汤显祖、冯梦龙、孟称舜等人直接推动而形成的强大的写“情”思潮，它催生了一大批优秀的文学作品。为这一时期的文学史增添了最亮丽的色彩。《牡丹亭》中的主人公杜丽娘形象的浪漫主义色彩，体现了汤显祖的“至情观”。     

试析明代复古派对严羽"别材别趣"说的阐发

宋代严羽的《沧浪诗话》对明代复古派的诗学观念有较深刻的影响,本文试以严羽的“别材别趣”说为切入点,深入分析明代复古派代表人物对此观点所作的多侧面的强调和发展,揭示复古派和严羽在诗歌审美观念上的共通性。     

汤显祖小品文简论

汤显祖不仅是戏曲大师，也是文章大手笔。从他的小品文中，我们既能看到他的文学主张、创作基本风貌，又能窥探他真实的内心世界。汤显祖一生自始至终追求个性解放和个性自由，这在他的小品有充分的展示。他不仅反对复古主义文学运动中有承前启后的历史地位，其文学风格地影响颇大。     

论汤显祖归隐临川后的戏曲创作

汤显祖于万历二十六年(1598)弃官回临川后潜心于戏曲创作,他的四部剧作有三部完成于这一时期.如果说《牡丹亭》在情与理、理想与现实上,陷入了某种程度困境的话,那么在《南柯记》、《邯郸记》中,作者又陷入了入世与出世的矛盾与痛苦之中.从汤显祖退隐后的戏曲创作来考察,可以认为他将自己的灵根慧命、戏曲人生推向了辉煌的巅峰.     

阐幽抉隐 灵心洞鉴——评丁功谊《钱谦益文学思想研究》

丁功谊《钱谦益文学思想研究》一书围绕八个问题展开：钱谦益的心学思想，晚明文坛复古思潮的复兴，钱谦益与天启、崇祯年间的社会思潮，钱谦益对明代诗学的扬弃，晚明宋诗风的兴起过程以及钱谦益的宗宋实践，钱谦益降清之悔与晚年创作心态的转交，钱谦益晚年在创作中的自我形象设计，钱谦益晚年文学思想与文学创作的结合。作者在对文献勾沉索隐的基础上提出己说，或在总结前人的基础上推出新说，既展现了钱谦益文学思想的形成与演进的轨迹，又尽可能地解答学界在钱谦益研究中存在的难点或热点。此书具有总结和创新的双重意义。     

论袁宏道的戏曲观

袁宏道的文学理论主张与思想并不只体现在诗文领域,他在小说、戏曲等通俗文学领域,同样表现了其一贯的文学思想与主张。对戏曲文学的主要内容所做的分析比较合理,对戏曲创作具有一定的指导意义。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to