浅论转型时期我国社会控制模式的选择

法律与道德是现代社会控制的两种主要手段，各有优劣、互相补充。只有法律控制与道德控制协调发展，社会秩序才能得到有效维护。因此，法律控制与道德控制并重的社会控制模式，是转型期既符合我国传统又能促进市场经济发展的最佳选择。     

西周宣王时期社会冲突与社会控制

周宣王中共，外临同犬戎、西戎、淮夷、荆楚等民族激烈的民族冲突，内有诸侯势力膨胀、阶层矛盾依然紧张之患。对此，宣王在采取硬性控制的同时，亦采用和诸侯、睦万民、内赏功勋、外建诸侯等手段进行软性控制，巩固社会秩序。周宣王为应对复杂的社会冲突而进行的社会控制，对该时期以及整个西周内外社会政策的改变有直接的影响，并对春秋战国的社会整合产生深远影响。     

试论社会控制手段的多样性和综合性

任何一个社会都要实行社会控制。社会控制是指通过社会力量使人们遵守社会规范,维护社会秩序的过程。社会控制的目的决定社会控制的手段是多样的,离轨行为的多样性决定社会控制的手段是多样的,各种社会控制方法的作用不同决定社会控制的手段是多样的。法律、道德、舆论、纪律、习俗和宗教是社会控制的主要手段,它们在社会控制中的地位、作用和范畴不同,只有综合使用这些手段,才能达到社会控制的目的,实行社会稳定。     

略论初级群体中社会控制的重要意义

初级群体中的社会控制对社会团结具有重要意义,它是宏观社会秩序的微观基础。作为控制体系的核心力量,它不仅具有人性教化和事前预防的积极因素,而且控制成本较低,能够有效应对“日常反抗”;同时,它通过提供社会支持和实现情感归属实现控制,因而是正式法律制度和科层化控制的有效补充。     

孟子的社会控制思想探析

孟子认为,人之为人,在于人具有先天的道德善端和道德意向,这是人类社会秩序得以形成及运行之基本依据;但是,人还具有“食、色”之类的生理本能。如果人只追求生理本能的满足,没有加强道德修养,必然导致社会的纷争,这是社会动乱的根源所在。因此,统治者必须实行“仁政”,以德施政,善待民众,并以自身的道德行为教育、感化民众,形成良好的社会秩序,实现对社会的有效控制。     

论宋朝胥吏在基层社会控制中的负面作为

宋朝基层吏治腐败十分突出,且多为群体性腐败。造成胥吏腐败的原因有三个方面,一是胥吏自身低劣的素质;二是文化多元化的冲击;三是农民反抗意识的缺乏。胥吏腐败既扰乱当时社会秩序,又加剧社会各阶层之间矛盾。从社会控制的角度对宋朝基层吏治腐败根源及负面作为进行了归纳分析。     

少数民族地区传统社会控制系统探析

在少数民族地区,尤其是南方少数民族中间,实行社会控制的不仅仅有法律,还有基于传统之上形成的一套社会控制系统,它在本民族内部充当了社会控制的功能,起到了维系社会秩序的作用。而这一控制系统主要包括一些少数民族民间社会组织的习惯法效力、禁忌暗示以及日常生活中文化和知识的传承习俗即民族成员的社会化过程三个方面。     

秩序视野下的西南民族地区社会治理选择研究

社会治理的目标是让社会获得一种理想的、良好的、善的秩序状态。一个社会秩序形成受到预先制度性安排与事后恢复性制度救济两个部分影响。西南民族地区社会具有民族性、地域性和乡土性特点。新时期下这种社会特点对西南民族地区社会秩序获得上的影响已经十分有限。承认民间社会不同主体的适当自治性,构建起灵活多样的基层社会组织,采取多元的、正式的与非正式的社会控制体系,建立一个多层次、多维度的社会纠纷解决机制和理顺社会秩序形成要素之间的关系是新时西南民族地区社会治理选择上的基本路径。     

拉祜族苦聪人的社会控制——以镇沅县苦聪人为例

任何形态的社会要想得以正常存在和发展,都需要社会控制来维护社会秩序。作为一个直接由原始社会到社会主义社会的人群,拉祜族苦聪人社会秩序具有自己独特的特点,本文通过对苦聪人权威性社会组织和普遍行为规范变化的调查研究,从建立权威的社会组织和制定为苦聪人所认同的具有强制力行为规范出发,为处于社会巨变时期苦聪人社会秩序的建立提供路径,为苦聪人更好地适应社会发展,早日实现小康社会建设的目标提出意见建议。     

论学校教育与社会控制的关系

学校教育作为人的社会化和进行社会控制的有效手段之一,其教育内容的选择、组织与传递过程带有计划性和目的性。学校教育主要通过对知识的控制和规范的制度安排来实现其社会控制,并与社会政治、经济、文化结构以及价值体系密切相关。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to