双馈绕线式异步电动机性能分析

讨论了绕线式异步电动机双馈调速系统的有关特性．该系统电机定子由电压及频率均固定的电网供电，转子电路由电压频率可调的大功率晶体管道变器供电．电机的转速为两个馈电电源频率差值的函数．该系统能实现转子方二自由度控制，并且系统性能不受定转子电阻值变化影响．仿真及实验结果表明，该系统性能良好，具有广阔的应用前景．     

纯电动汽车直流无刷电机控制器设计

利用DSP设计电机转速和电流双闭环的控制系统(系统硬件包括以DSP为核心的控制电路和以电机为对象的驱动电路),设计出了一种基于DSP的直流无刷电机控制器。控制系统采用TI公司的数字信号处理器DSP28335作为主控制芯片,硬件上设计了能适应800 W及以下功率的电机驱动控制器,该控制器主要包括功率驱动、逆变电路、电流采样电路、电源转换电路和转子位置检测电路等;同时在DSP软件开发环境CCS3.3下采用C语言编程,设计转子位置信号检测、电流采样和转速检测、PWM驱动信号输出、转速电流双闭环调节等功能。     

开关磁阻电机寻找初始位置的研究

开关磁阻电机(SRM)的转子必须与电机磁场保持同步才能保证电机的正常运行,因此对转子位置信息的准确检测非常重要。本小组通过向电机各相注入一定幅值的方波电压,利用相电流峰值及其与转子角位置之间的解析关系式求出转子的初始角位置,从而实现转子处于任何位置时的快速无反转起动。实验中,以一台四相8/6极SRM为对象进行相关实验,实验结果验证了该位置检测方法的可行性及预估相选取原则的正确性。     

一种新型的基于高频电压注入的永磁同步电机转子位置观测方法

提出了一种简单但有效的永磁同步电机转子位置观测的新方法.该方法通过在电机定子绕组中注入高频电压,利用电机的凸极效应,通过对电机绕组端电流的处理计算,准确地估算出电机的转子位置.还提出了在电机静止状态下检测转子初始位置的新方法.仿真结果显示了所用方法的有效性和可行性.     

基于反步法的永磁同步电机输出反馈控制系统研究

针对永磁同步电机(PMSM)绕组相电流和转速强耦合特性，采用积分反步法讨论了精确的位置跟踪控制问题．在已知电机模型的精确参数情况下，假定只有转子位置可测．设计了速度和定子电流的非线性观测器，提出了输出反馈控制器的设计方法，在保证定子电流跟踪参考电流的前提下，实现了位置的精确跟踪控制．通过构造适当的Lyapunov函数，证明了所设计的控制系统的全局稳定性．仿真结果表明，用该方法设计的PMSM控制系统滤波跟踪误差迅速以指数规律收敛到零．     

双馈绕线式异步电动机性能分析

讨论了绕线式异步电动机双馈调速系统的关特性。该系统电机定子由电压及频率均固定的电网供电，转子电路由电压频率可调的大功率晶体逆变器供电。     

基于极坐标的异步电机新型参数辨识方法

在异步电机矢量控制系统中,电机参数的准确性严重影响着系统的控制性能。利用极坐标方法,研究了一种异步电机新型参数辨识的方法。系统的电压、电流、频率、相位角均能够通过软件来实现。基于SVPWM算法,向电机施加相应电压信号,并利用极坐标方法,简化了参数计算过程,即通过直流斩波实验、单相实验和空载实验实现对电机定子电阻、转子电阻、定子漏感、转子漏感以及互感的测试。实验结果证明,该辨识方法得到的参数准确性高,且模型简单,计算量小,易于实现。     

无刷直流电机反电势过零法无传感器控制

针对无位置传感器控制的无刷直流电机转子位置检测,文章提出了一种基于反电势过零点检测转子位置的方法;通过分析计算无刷直流电机的数学模型,检测不导通相的端电压并与直流母线中点电压相比较,得到反电势过零点信号.该方法不需要虚构电机中点和低通滤波电路以及分压电路,但需要在特定PWM调制方式下得到反电动势过零点再延迟30°电角度实现换相;通过MATLAB/SIMULINK仿真实验结果表明,该方法合理、有效地检测转子位置;相对于传统的反电势过零虚构中点检测方法,该方法具有结构简单、适用范围广等优点.     

变频调速系统过调制时的相电流重构方法

为了降低系统成本和体积,提高直流母线电压的利用率,扩展电机的运行范围,提出了一种通过修改参考电压矢量、适用于过调制模式的相电流重构方法。该方法满足了过调制时直流电流的采样要求,并根据逆变器的开关状态实现了交流侧电机相电流的重构。在1台4 kW的PWM逆变器供电的永磁同步电动机变频调速系统样机上进行了实验,采用所提出的方法准确地重构出交流侧电机相电流,PWM逆变器实现了较高的电压利用率(约1.06)。结果表明:该相电流重构方法应用于过调制模式时是有效和可行的。     

直接检测无刷直流电机转子位置信号的方法

为了实现无刷直流电机的无位置传感器控制,提出了一种新颖的转子位置信号检测方法,该方法通过比较逆变器直流环中点电压和电机断开相绕组端电压的关系,直接检测到断开相绕组反电动势的过零点,再将该过零点延迟30°电角度即可获得无刷直流电机绕组换相所必须的转子位置信号。实验证明,当电机运行在低速时该检测方法可以良好地工作,因此应用此检测方法构成的无刷直流电机无位置传感器控制系统可以运行在很宽的速度范围内。文中对该检测方法的原理进行了分析,得到了检测电路的结构图并通过实验验证了该方法的正确性和可行性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to     

Exciton Seebeck in Molecular Systems

Various applications relevant to the exciton dynamics,such as the organic solar cell,the large-area organic light-emitting diodes and the thermoelectricity,are operating under temperature gradient.The potential abnormal behavior of the exicton dynamics driven by the temperature difference may affect the efficiency and performance of the corresponding devices.In the above situations,the exciton dynamics under temperature difference is mixed with