集成三维力传感器的微夹持器设计与试验 

设计了一种集成三维力传感器微夹持器,通过压电陶瓷堆驱动和柔性铰链放大来实现夹持动作.微夹持器的弹性体为2个L型结构,对L型结构进行了优化设计和受力仿真分析,在2个L型结构的相应敏感部位分别粘贴3组应变片对空间三维力进行测量.通过试验验证了微夹持器的合理性和实用性.
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超声电机驱动的微夹持器的机械漂移机理研究

针对直线超声电机驱动的微夹持器操作末端的机械漂移问题,从直线超声电机以及微夹持器整体结构出发,研究机械漂移的产生机理以及控制方法.首先通过建立电机的力学模型分析直线超声电机产生机械漂移的机理,重点讨论了电机定子左右两边弹性夹持结构在电机停止运行后发生的刚度衰减率不一致对机械漂移的影响;然后根据模型研制直梁型夹持直线超声...     

柔性结构微夹持器的分析及优化

针对压电陶瓷输出行程有限和微夹持器末端不易实现平行输出的问题,设计一种具有二级位移放大机构和位移导向机构的微夹持器。基于伪刚体模型推导微夹持器的放大倍率、输入刚度和固有频率的理论模型,并通过有限元分析验证理论模型的正确性。探讨各结构参数对放大倍率和固有频率的影响。基于统一目标函数法,以提高微夹持器的放大倍率和固有频率为目标,对微夹持器的各结构参数进行了多目标加权优化。优化结果表明,微夹持器的放大倍率和固有频率都有较大提升,优化结果符合预期。由此可知该微夹持器具有较大的输出行程与良好的平行输出性能,设计符合预期要求。     

基于正交试验法的多向弯曲柔性关节夹持性能优化

柔性关节夹持力是其完成各种操作的关键,合理的结构参数可有效提高柔性关节夹持力.为研究不同结构参数对关节夹持力的影响,以多向弯曲柔性关节为对象,采用正交试验法优化关节夹持力结构参数.结果 表明:在所研究的参数范围内,关节夹持力与关节有效变形长度成负相关,与乳胶管规格、弯曲力臂和弹簧数目成正相关;建立了关节夹持力与结构参数之间的简化数学模型,可为该类柔性关节夹持力预测和下一步抓取控制提供理论基础.     

双层柔性铰链微小夹持器

本文详细介绍了双层柔性铰链微小夹持器的设计，制作和实验。在分析压电元件和双层柔性铰链的结构及性能之后，计算出位移放大倍数以及夹持器的张合量，该夹持器具有较宽的工作范围，高灵敏度和结构简单等特点，是一种新型的微小机械。     

自感知压电微夹钳研究

采用双晶片型压电悬臂梁制作一种双悬臂梁结构的微夹钳,可用于微操作系统中的微夹持器．在一般微操作系统中,需要外加微力传感器才能组成闭环控制系统,这必将影响夹钳的工作特性．为简化系统,借助于电荷提取电路提取压电双晶片上的电荷,并通过软件进行状态观测,可直接得到压电夹钳尖端上的夹持力,同时还能观测到夹钳尖端的位移,称其为自感知执行器．实验证明了上述自感知方法的有效性．     

技术与市场

兵器工业部陕西国营华山机械厂民品开发部范俊华同志设计并研制的膀胱结石微爆破夹持钳手术器械获得成功,投放市场。该器械包括一套新颖的多功能持石器(分大、中、小三个型号)、结石钻孔器、炸药导常、膀胱冲洗器和一套改进的机械碎石器。多功能夹持器头部具有     

基于拓扑优化的微夹钳设计

采用以互能和应变能比值作为目标函数的柔性结构拓扑优化方法完成了微夹钳的概念设计.结合具体的夹持对象和工作环境,在微夹钳概念设计基础上确定了微夹钳的最终结构形式.采用有限元法分析了微夹钳的传动比与夹持力,并在万能工具显微镜下测量了微夹钳原型的传动比与夹持力.试验结果表明:当微夹钳钳口尺寸为0.45mm时,微夹钳的平均传动比为22.89,最大夹持力为356.16mN,并且钳口的位移和夹持力与压电陶瓷的输入位移有良好的线性关系,与有限元计算结果基本吻合.这表明连续体拓扑优化方法在微夹钳的设计中有着重要指导作用.     

一种蛇形柔性臂的系统及结构

提出了一种蛇形柔性臂的结构与控制,介绍了柔性臂的主动弯曲机构及运动转换机构的结构及原理,并对柔性臂控制系统进行了描述,该柔性臂具有弯曲半径小、只用一台电机提供动力、体积小等优点。     

基于离焦图像模糊分析的微装配力测量

提出了一种基于机器视觉的微装配力测量新方法.拍摄微夹持器受力变形时的离焦模糊图像,通过建立微夹持器变形力和离焦量之间的关系模型,把求取变形力的问题转化为求取离焦模糊图像的离焦量问题.采用粗精两步计算来求取模糊图像的离焦量,并利用微夹持器的变形曲线来拟合,拟合得到的曲线的参数即为变形力的函数,从而求得变形力.仿真实验证明了所提出的方法的有效性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to