基于神经网络合并技术的Rake接收机性能仿真

传统Rake接收机的线性合并技术不能适应无线信道的非线性特性.针对这一问题,开展了基于神经网络合并技术(NN)的研究.采用多层感知机神经网络模型,通过仿真实验确定了模型结构.在不同的仿真环境下,分别对采用等增益合并技术、最大比合并技术和神经网络合并技术的Rake接收机进行了性能仿真.结果表明:在理想信道下,基于NN技术的Rake接收机性能略好于传统的Rake接收机,性能改善不明显;在复杂信道环境下,基于NN技术的Rake接收机性能好于传统的Rake接收机.     

CPPM-UWB系统Rake接收机性能分析

针对传统CPPM-UWB系统中混沌序列可能丧失混沌特性的弊端,设计一种改进的混沌脉冲位置调制信号结构.基于无码间干扰的超宽带系统,分析了改进的混沌脉冲位置调制信号在IEEE UWB室内多径信道模型下的接收机性能,在室内多径环境下对不同Rake接收机的误码率进行了仿真.计算机仿真表明,比特的脉冲数量、接收机与发射机的距离、脉冲的重复周期的选取对系统的性能影响较大.在室内多径环境中,CM1信道下的Rake接收机性能最好,理想Rake接收机性能最优,但其系统也最复杂.SRake接收机的性能优于PRake接收机,但SRake接收机的复杂性高于PRake接收机.SRake和PRake接收机的性能随着叉指数目(即接收机分辨出的多径分量数目)的增加有明显改善.     

超宽带系统中盲自适应降秩接收机

针对超宽带系统中的多址干扰和码间干扰问题,提出了一种低复杂度的盲自适应接收机,该接收机首先采用多级维纳滤波算法抑制多址干扰并提取期望信号各多径分量;再进一步采用紧缩近似投影子空间跟踪方法估计信道并进行最大比合并,提高输出信干噪比。仿真结果表明,其误码性能优于匹配滤波器、传统Rake接收机、解相关Rake接收机和基于恒模算法的自适应接收机,且收敛速度较快、复杂度较低。     

一种提高宽带码分多址接入系统小区容量的有效方案

为了解决小区容量提升这一宽带码分多址接入(WCDMA)系统商业运营与网络规划中的关键问题,在研究信道多址干扰抑制的基础上,提出了一种提高小区容量的新思路,即在抑制下行公共导频信道多址干扰的同时抑制主公共控制物理信道多址干扰,并给出了基于这种思路的新型Rake接收机的实现方案.仿真结果表明:该新型接收机相对于传统Rake接收机具有更好的误比特率和小区扩容等性能.     

基于DMF的Rake接收机的捕获性能分析

对数字匹配滤波器(DMF)的Rake接收机的捕获性能进行了深入讨论,利用状态转移图推导出频率选择性信道下Rake接收机的平均捕获时间的表达式,并进行了数值分析.得出的主要结论是:DMF的Rake接收机具有很快的捕获速度;对于频率选择性信道,接收信号存在可以分离的多径分量,采用Rake接收机的检测性能要比常规接收机的检测性能好;Rake接收机的抽头数越多,平均捕获时间就越长,捕获性能就越差; Rake接收机的抽头数越多,门限取值范围就越宽.     

UWB多径信道下RAKE接收和均衡的作用分析

在超宽带(UWB)通信系统中存在码间干扰(ISI)的多径信道下,RAKE接收机和均衡的作用关系还没有定论.有观点认为UWB中RAKE接收具备信道均衡的特性,因而RAKE接收时不需要均衡器,其出发点是将RAKE接收机中ISI视为与当前符号不相关的高斯噪声,或认为RAKE接收能缩短信道时延扩展.本文针对这两种观点及其依据进行了探讨,通过对存在ISI的RAKE接收机的性能进行分析,并利用IEEE 802.15标准中的多径信道模型进行了RAKE接收与均衡的仿真对比试验.结果表明:RAKE并不能起到抑制ISI的作用,故而对多径信道环境ISI仍然需要均衡器来消除.     

室内密集多径环境下DS-PAM-UWB Rake接收性能分析

在最终被IEEE802.15.SG3a研究组采纳的Intel信道模型的基础上,针对DS-PAM-UWB系统研究分析了不同Rake接收方案对系统性能的影响.对Arake、Srake、Prake等3种不同接收机结构、不同支路数,以及不同合并方案下的Rake接收机性能进行了仿真分析,并比较了DS-PAM和TH-PPM两种不同调制方式下的Rake性能,仿真结果表明DS-PAM-UWB的系统性能在Intel信道环境下优于TH-PPM-UWB系统性能约3 dB.     

多天线分集Rake MMSE接收机的抗单音干扰性能分析

军用直扩通信系统在复杂的战场环境下会受到敌方各种干扰的威胁,其中尤以单音干扰的影响为甚。分析了一种新型的基于天线分集的空时Rake MMSE接收机在多径衰落信道条件下的抗单音干扰性能。结果表明,该接收机具有优越的抗单音干扰和对抗信道多径衰落的性能。干扰抑制性能受单音干扰功率的影响较小,而且当干扰个数远小于接收机系统自由度时,仍具有一定的抗多个单音干扰的能力。此外,在单音干扰情况下,该接收机仅需较少的接收天线即能获得较好的性能。     

改进的LMS-Rake接收机的性能

为了提高传统Rake接收机在无线通信系统中的性能,消除信号间的干扰和噪声,采用一种改进的基于最小均方误差(LMS)算法的Rake接收机,该结构针对传统的MRC-Rake接收机需通过增加分支数来提高性能,而MMSE-Rake接收机需要进行矩阵的逆运算的不足,利用LMS算法进行权值计算并对步长进行了改进.经过理论分析和仿真结果表明,LMS-Rake接收机较传统的MRC-Rake接收机的性能有较大的提高,并且结构简单、运算复杂度低、易于实现.     

超宽带通信系统RAKE接收机性能

在最终被IEEE802．15．SG3a研究组采纳的Intel信道模型的基础上,针对单用户超宽带通信系统,采用二进制脉冲幅度调制方式的UWB信号在不同的信道状况（CMl、CM2、CM3、CM4）下,考虑存在码间干扰时对RAKE接收机的性能进行研究。分析了最大比合并MRC和等增益合并EGC方案对RAKE接收机误码性能的影响;比较了BPSK和OOK两种脉冲幅度调制方式下的系统性能;同时考虑接收机实现的复杂度,讨论了合并叉指数目对接收性能的影响。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to