基于免疫优化算法的应急物资储备库选址

为了提高应急物资利用效率和应急服务水平,针对灾害情况下应急物资运输调度的时效性特点,基于各需求点历史灾害事件数据,利用三角模糊数对历史灾害事件数进行模糊化处理;引入风险权重系数,建立应急物资储备库选址模型,并采用免疫优化算法完成求解。以安徽省应急物资储备库选址为例,验证了该模型的可行性,可为解决应急物资储备库选址问题提供理论依据和方法设计。     

基于时间满意的应急物资储备库双容量限制选址模型

为了更好地应对生物恐怖袭击,应做好应急物资的储备,应急物资储备库选址问题就成为优化应急物资储备的关键.首先分析了基于时间满意的完全覆盖选址模型后,然后结合应急物资储备库的特点,对基于时间满意的完全选址模型进行了改进,考虑了最小容量限制和最大容量限制,建立了基于时间满意的应急物资储备库双容量限制选址模型.最后,结合实例进行了计算仿真,分析了实验结果.     

水上应急物资储备库选址-分配优化模型

将应急物资储备库选址和应急需求分配问题集成考虑,基于集合覆盖理论和引力模型,建立水上应急物资储备库选址-分配优化模型,并针对模型设计遗传算法.算例分析结果显示,最终选址-分配方案能够实现对水域的全面覆盖和重点加强;程序运行50次,其中43次结果相同,说明计算结果具有稳定性,表明选址-分配模型和算法是有效的.     

应急物资储备库选址及调运模型研究综述

在应急救援任务中,应急物资储备库选址及调运过程是减少灾前和灾后损失的重要阶段,为系统了解应急物资储备库选址及调运模型研究现状,结合大量国内外参考文献,本文从应急物资选址、调运以及选址和调运联合模型三部分进行分析总结。在应急物资选址影响因素分析的基础上,围绕模型具体算法、灾情阶段、优化指标、是否关注受灾人员以及信息状态等多个维度分析了应急物资储备点选址模型中所存在的问题;将应急物资调运模型分为分阶段调运、多目标规划调运和不确定信息调运三类,并对三类模型进行了综述总结;并系统总结了应急物资选址及调运模型一体化研究。结果表明,应急物资选址及调运模型在动态性、多元化、智能化、人性化等方面的进一步研究对现实救援更具有重要作用。基于此,本文对应急物资储备库选址和调运模型的未来发展方向和研究要点进行了展望,对应急物资储备及调运体系的现代化建设具有现实指导意义。     

基于犹豫模糊方法的煤矿应急物资仓库选址评价

煤矿应急救援物资仓库合理的选址能够减少物资运输时间,提高救援效率。但仓库选址受到多种因素的影响,是一个极其重要的多元决策问题。为此,本文提出一种新的应急救援物资仓库选址评价指标体系,基于OWA算子计算指标权重,并与犹豫模糊方法相结合,构建了应急救援物资仓库的选址评价模型,为仓库选址决策提供参考。经实例验证,基于犹豫模糊方法的评价模型可全面评估选址结果的优劣性,针对性地指出仓库选址存在的问题,为选址类问题提供一种新的解决方法。     

考虑服务设施规模的应急物资储备库双目标选址模型研究

应急物资储备库选址关系到应急系统的服务成本和服务质量.考虑到应急服务设施所具有的经济规模效应,引入储备库规模作为控制变量,通过对最大储备量规模的控制,分析其对应急系统的服务成本和服务质量的影响,进而为应急物资储备库选址决策提供支持.建立了以服务质量最大和服务成本最低的双目标整数规划模型,采用了带精荚策略的快速非支配排序遗传算法(non-dominated sorting genetic algorithmⅡ,NSGAⅡ)进行求解.算例结果分析表明,应急物资倾向于集中储备以获得规模优势,降低应急服务成本,但同时也降低了应急服务质量.应急设施选址应适当限制设施规模,以平衡服务成本和服务质量.     

一类应急物资筹集问题的模糊机会约束模型

为提高应急物资筹集的有效性,提出了一种新的应急物资筹集决策模型和算法.建立了紧急市场采购条件下应急物资筹集决策模糊优化模型,给出了与其等价的模糊机会约束规划模型,提出了参数为三角模糊数时模型的确定化转化方法,并设计了基于模糊模拟的模型智能算法,该算法能够有效处理复杂的模糊机会约束规划问题,最后通过算例说明了该方法的有效性.     

基于多目标粒子群算法的应急物流储备库选址

针对应急物流的特点,提出了应急物流储备库选址应考虑各行政区的风险权重、灾害处置难度、储备库恢复能力、地区影响程度及建设成本等因素.借助普通物流选址思想,构建了基于多目标粒子群算法的应急物流储备库选址模型.并以长株潭城市群应急物流系统构建为例,进行了应急物流储备库选址实例研究.     

含模糊参数的应急物资筹集决策成本最小化模型

应急物资筹集决策是应急物流管理中直接影响突发事件应对效果的重要决策问题之一.建立了动用库存条件下以成本最小化为目标的应急物资筹集问题的模糊优化模型,构建了与其等价的模糊机会约束规划模型,提出了参数为三角模糊数时模型的清晰化方法,最后通过算例说明了该方法的有效性.     

民航应急救援区域支持中心选址研究

为统一调配区域性应急物资及技术资源,提高区域应对突发事件快速反应和救援能力,减轻区域因突发事件造成的损失,通过构建民航应急救援区域支持中心建设布局影响因素的层次分析模型,得到区域支持中心建设布局的指标体系.结合应急选址问题中的p-中心模型,提出了一种结合定性和定量分析的区域支持中心的布局方法.以西南地区民航应急救援区域支持中心选址为算例,对上述选址模型及方法进行了有效性和实用性验证.结果表明:采用的方法与模型对于解决民航应急救援区域支持中心选址问题具有科学的参考意义和支持作用,并为其提供了理论依据.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-