利用NS-2实现Ad Hoc网络仿真平台

利用NS-2构建一个虚拟的Ad Hoc网络环境,使用gawk对仿真过程中产生的Trace文件进行分析,利用Matlab进行数据计算和比较.根据不同路由协议的分组传递率、端到端时延和路由开销3个性能指标,利用仿真的结果分析和比较目的序列距离矢量路由协议(DSDV),动态源路由协议(DSR)和Ad Hoc按需距离矢量路由协议(AODV)3种典型的路由协议.从仿真的结果来看,在分组投递率方面,AODV和DSR的性能要比DSDV好,但从时延和路由开销的角度来看,DSDV的性能要比AODV和DSR的强.     

基于TCP的Ad Hoc路由协议分析

为了研究Ad Hoc网络DSR(Dynamic Source Routing)、DSDV(Destination Sequenced Distance Vector Routing)、AODV(Ad hoc Dem and Distance Vector Routing)3种路由协议的TCP(Transfer Control Protocol)传输性能,在原理上对其进行了分析,并通过仿真实验予以验证。结果表明,DSDV适用于跳数较少的TCP连接,DSR和AODV适用于跳数较多的TCP连接,复杂场景中DSDV总体性能最优。     

基于NS-2的Ad Hoc网络路由协议性能仿真

介绍了移动Ad Hoc网络的3种典型的网络协议DSDV、DSR和AODV.应用网络仿真软件NS-2进行了仿真实验,给出了仿真结果并进行了分析比较.     

移动Ad Hoc网络中几种典型路由协议比较

目的为了以后设计更加高效实用的Ad Hoc网络路由协议。方法通过对几种典型的Ad Hoc路由协议进行说明、分析和综合比较。结果路由协议中DSDV、DSR、AODV以及TORA各有优缺点。结论整体性能DSR最优。     

基于NS2的移动Ad Hoc网络路由协议的仿真与改进

本文介绍移动Ad Hoc网络的发展、特征与关键技术和应用领域,对移动AdHoc网络的表驱动路由协议DSDV和源发性按需式路由协议DSR、AODV进行深入的分析和比较,并基于Network Simulator（NS2）平台对以上三种路由协议进行仿真分析,对路由协议的网络性能指标（数据包成功接收率、端到端平均时延和路由负荷）进行了实验分析。本文通过修改AODV相应参数,得到改进协议AODV_Improvement。在实验设定的场景中,AODV_Improvement的数据包成功接收率、端到端平均时延和路由负荷等网络性能指标比AODV有了较大的改善,从而具有更强的适应性。     

无线Ad hoc网络典型路由协议的网络性能分析

介绍了Ad hoc网络的3种典型的路由协议,DSDV(Destination-Sequenced Distance Vector)、AODV(Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector Routing)和DSR(Dynamic Source Routing),并利用网络仿真软件NS2对3种典型路由协议从分组转发率、平均端到端时延、路由负荷、标准化路由负荷4个方面进行了仿真分析,并总结了在不同节点移动速度下几种协议网络性能的优点与不足.     

基于NS的Ad hoc网络路由协议性能仿真

Ad hoc无线网络是一组无线移动主机组成的一个没有任何基础设施或集中管理设备的临时网络。文中介绍了Ad hoc无线网络的路由协议,并利用网络仿真软件NS,对两种典型的路由协议AODV(Ad hoc on Demand Distance Vector Routing,Ad hoc网络的距离矢量路由算法)和DSR(Dynamic Source Routing,动态源路由协议)进行了仿真实验,并给出了结果。     

基于不同移动速率的AODV路由协议的性能研究

首先介绍了Ad Hoc网络中的AODV路由协议,然后利用NS网络仿真软件对AODV进行模拟。模拟时设计了基于节点不同移动速度的仿真场景,节点最大移动速度分别为1m/s、5m/s和20m/s,并选取了分组递交率、路由开销、平均端到端延时3个衡量指标对AODV路由协议进行性能评估。仿真结果表明:随着速度增大,延时和路由开销增大,分组递交率降低。     

移动Ad Hoc网络三种路由协议的规模性比较研究

为了构建面向大规模应用的移动Ad Hoc网络,定量研究网络协议的规模性,建立了路由协议的规模性分析理论框架,研究了网络开销与协议规模性的含义,提出了网络规模性因子的概念,建立了相关的分析模型.据此,研究了平面泛洪(PF)路由协议、标准链路状态(SLS)协议和动态资源路由(DSR)协议的规模性,通过对相关参数的计算和比较,结果表明,PF路由协议相对于节点的移动速率、网络的业务负荷和网络大小都具有理想的规模性,其各项性能参数均优于SLS和DSR协议.本文所建立的分析理论、研究方法和结论奠定了Ad Hoc网络规模性定量分析的基础.     

拓扑动态变化时Ad Hoc网络按需路由协议研究

Ad Hoc网络是一种没有固定设施的无线移动网络,动态变化的拓扑结构对路由协议的性能有着重要影响。简要介绍了DSR和AODV两种按需路由协议,接着针对网络拓扑结构的变化,以OPNET仿真工具为平台,设计了静止、慢速变化、快速变化3种仿真方案,通过分析报文投递率和平均端到端时延比较了它们的性能。仿真结果表明,在动态拓扑变化、网络负载较大时,AODV协议的综合性能优于DSR协议,更适合于节点移动速度快且网络拓扑结构频繁变化的网络。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-