广东乐昌第四纪大熊猫--剑齿象动物群

广东乐昌第四纪大熊猫-剑齿象动物群计有5目15属16种,主要属种有大熊猫洞穴亚种、东方剑齿象、中国犀、中国黑熊、水鹿和水牛等,这些都是南方大熊猫-剑齿象动物群的典型分子,与曲江马坝动物群、封开黄岩洞动物群比较接近,时代为中更新世末期或晚更新世早期.动物群反映的当时的生态环境除了森林比较茂密外,水草也比较丰富,气候温凉而不很干燥.该动物群是广东粤北地区继曲江马坝动物群、罗坑动物群以及灵溪暗岩动物群之后又一重要发现,对研究华南地区第四纪动物群的分布、变迁以及当时的古气候和古环境等具有一定意义.     

中国更新世环境演变与部分食虫类迁徙响应

以山羊寨动物群中的食虫类为研究基础,讨论了中国Erinaceus,Sorex,Crocidura,Scaptochirus和Neomys5属食虫类更新世以来在中国的时空分布变化,并与相关现生属种的地理分布进行比较,结合现代动物地理、动物生态资料进行分析。研究表明,中国北方更新世以来的环境变化具有暖干化趋势。     

珠江三角洲东部晚第四纪微体动物群的古环境意义

珠江三角洲是世界上主要河口三角洲之一,自晚更新世开始形成,其沉积物中保存了丰富的微体动物壳体,它们是重建晚第四纪古环境极为有效的指标。本文对珠江三角洲东部PRD17孔的微体动物群(有孔虫和介形类)进行了分析,共发现有孔虫14属29种,介形类14属17种,将其分别划分为3种生态类型。根据微体动物群的组成特征,并结合测年数据、岩性、沉积物粒度及颜色反射率等特征,重建了PRD17孔晚第四纪以来的环境演化。约43 400 cal a B.P.以前,钻孔所在地发育河流相沉积。晚更新世玉木亚间冰期开始,南海海平面回升,本区开始形成第四纪以来的第一个海相层位。从微体动物群的组成和丰度可识别出3次小规模的海平面波动。约35 400~30 900 cal a B.P.为晚更新世最大海侵时期,微体动物群的丰度和分异度都达到峰值。约25 900 cal a B.P.以后,海水逐渐退出。末次冰盛期的海平面大幅下降,导致本区上更新统沉积物暴露地表遭受风化剥蚀,形成珠江三角洲普遍发育的花斑状黏土层。由于钻孔所在地地势相对较高,受全新世海侵的影响较珠江三角洲其它地区晚,直到6 000 cal a B.P.左右才重新接受沉积,初期发育上潮间带沉积。约3 700 cal a B.P.开始,逐渐变为受潮水影响较显著的潮坪环境。     

临夏盆地晚新生代哺乳动物群

临夏盆地位于甘肃省东南部，是青藏高原东北缘的一个山前凹陷盆地。其晚新生代地层非常发育，蕴藏着丰富的哺乳动物化石。中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所已在临夏盆地从晚渐新世至早更新世的各个层位中，发现和征集了大量的哺乳动物化石，其中以距今１５００～１２００万年的中中新世铲齿象动物群、１０００～７００万年的晚中新世三趾马动物群和约２００万年的早更新世真马动物群的材料和种类最为丰富。已有的化石标本产自近５０个化石地点，约１７００多件哺乳动物头骨，以及大量牙齿和肢骨，代表了１００多种哺乳动物；另有陆龟化石…     

甘肃环县楼房子晚更新世孢粉组合

一九六三年初夏,我系黄土科研组,在环县楼房子附近,环河一级支流合道川柏林沟二级阶地沉积物中,发现了丰富的哺乳动物化石,经薜祥煦同志鉴定有:披毛犀(Coelodonta antiguitatis)、赤鹿(Cervus elaphus)、原始牛(Bos primigenius)、盘羊(Ovis ammon)等喜寒动物群。这个动物辟除缺象类化石外,其余与萨拉乌苏动物群相同,时代当属晚更新世。孢粉取样直接来自埋藏该动物群的剖面中。本文试图通过孢粉分析,了解当时的植被,再现古气候、古地理,不但具有一定的科学价值,也是寻找各种沉积矿产的一种值得注意的方法。     

山西襄汾县赵店动物群的发现及初步研究

赵店动物是作者近年来的一个新发现，本文对赵店动物群的化石类型，沉积特征、生态环境和地层时代等进行了初步研究，提出这一动物群生态于中更新世晚期（相当于大洋氧同位素阶段６）。赵店动物群的发现对研究这一时期生物演化及环境变化具有重要价值。     

重庆合川三汇坝晚更新世哺乳动物群

对三汇坝牛尾洞发现的19种哺乳动物化石应用数理统计分析、铀系和含氟量测年分析、孢粉分析进行了研究.论证了它们是一个晚更新世时生活于亚热带暖热湿润气候中的乔木林-灌木林-湿草地动物群.通过它与四川盆地第四纪的几个典型动物群相比较,证明其性质仍是我国南方广义“大熊猫-剑齿象动物群”之一员.其特点鲜明,是该动物群演化发展过程中的一环,介于歌乐山与资阳两动物群之间.     

中国梅花鹿地理分布的变迁

在综合化石记录、历史文献和野外资料的基础上对我国梅花鹿地理分布的变迁进行了探讨.早更新世,梅花鹿分布于华北区和台湾;中更新世至全新世,向北扩展到蒙新区的东部、东北区以及朝鲜、苏联西伯利亚东南部,向南经华中区的东部分布到广西和越南北部,另有一支经东部滨海平原迁移到了日本.川西高原的四川亚种是由华北区向西南延伸的一支演化而来.梅花鹿是适应性很强的林缘动物,其分布区急剧地缩减与晚更新世至全新世青藏高原的强烈抬升有关,更主要地是受冰期后人为活动的影响.     

山东蕨类植物区系

山东蕨类植物有２４科、３９属、９６种和９变种，以鳞毛蕨科、蹄盖蕨科、水龙骨科和鳞毛蕨属、卷柏属、铁角蕨属、蹄盖蕨属为优势科属、区系成分以东亚分布为主，达４５种，占全部种类的４２．９％，其中中国－日本成分３５种，占３３．３％；其次为中国有成分和山东特有成分，在起源上具古老性，并与热带区系有密切的关系；山东蕨类区系成分在早第三纪时已基本形成。     

江西武宁晚寒武世晚期三叶虫

本文记述了江西武宁晚寒武世晚期三叶虫9科、11属、3亚属、20种,其中新种4个,未定种6个。从三叶虫组合特征分析可与东南区系江南—西北亚区上寒武统上部西阳山组的标准地区三叶虫动物群对比。对该区寒武纪三叶虫的研究,不仅丰富了寒武纪三叶虫资料,而且为进一步研究江南区寒武纪时的古地理范围,古生物分布特征,地层划分与对比以及对本区寒武系与奥陶系之间分界的研究,提供可靠依据。本文还就本区的晚寒武世地层和三叶虫动物群特征,与邻近地区作了对比和简要的讨论。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.