固定化TiO2膜光催化降解苯酚

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米TiO2膜,并进行苯酚降解试验.结果表明,用溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO2膜的最佳条件为:试剂的体积配比V钛酸丁酯∶V无水乙醇:V蒸馏水:V浓盐酸=1∶4∶0.25∶0.25,涂层厚度5层,焙烧温度500℃,焙烧时间2h.在该条件下制备的TiO2膜具有较高的光催化活性.在30W紫外灯,苯酚的质量浓度为...     

制备工艺条件对纳米Ti_(1-x)S_xO_2薄膜光催化活性的影响

以硫脲为S的源物质,以钛酸丁酯为TiO2的前驱体,以蜂窝陶瓷为载体,采用改进的溶胶-凝胶-浸渍提拉法制备Ti1-xSxO2薄膜,探讨热处理温度、S掺杂量及涂膜等工艺条件对Ti1-xSxO2薄膜的光催化活性的影响。研究结果表明：掺硫TiO2光催化剂在可见光区的吸收强度增大;采用溶胶-凝胶-浸渍提拉法制备Ti1-xSxO2光催化剂的最佳工艺条件是：硫脲与Ti（OBu）4摩尔比为3：1,煅烧温度为600℃,涂膜层数为6。在最佳工艺条件下制备的Ti1-xSxO2纳米薄膜对亚甲基蓝的降解率可达100％。     

负载型纳米TiO2/Al光催化降解丙酮

采用溶胶-凝胶法,以钛酸丁酯为原料在酸浸蚀的A l片上制备了纳米级的TiO2薄膜光催化剂,并用XRD、SEM等技术对薄膜进行表征.研究了在紫外光照射下,负载型TiO2/A l催化剂对丙酮的光催化降解行为.表明,将TiO2制备成负载型纳米TiO2/A l薄膜,可有效地抑制TiO2在高温下由锐钛矿相到金红石相的转变,提高了TiO2的光催化活性.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO_2/MCM-41负载型光催化剂及其性能表征

以钛酸丁酯为钛源、MCM-41分子筛为载体,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO2/MCM-41负载型光催化剂,并通过XRD、BET、TEM、XPS对最佳条件下制备的光催化剂进行表征。结果表明,所制光催化剂是一种具有均匀规则孔道结构的介孔材料,其粉体比表面积高达358.8m2/g;经700℃煅烧,催化剂主要晶相为锐钛矿相。光催化剂中的Ti以+4价存在,TiO2表面羟基氧所占比率为38.0%。以水中甲基橙为模拟污染物,TiO2/MCM-41光催化剂对浓度为25mg/L的甲基橙溶液降解0.5h后,其脱色率为93.7%。     

溶胶-凝胶制备工艺对纳米TiO2光催化活性的影响

以钛酸四丁酯为钛源、无水乙醇为溶剂、冰醋酸为螯合剂、浓盐酸为催化剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO2光催化剂。以苯酚为模型物,系统研究了制备丁艺对溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO2前驱体胶凝时间和纳米TiO2光催化活性的影响。确定了溶胶-凝胶法合成纳米TiO2的最佳工艺：V钛酸盐=35mL,V水=32．4mL,V总乙醇=105mL（VA乙醇=35mL,VB乙醇=70mL）,V冰醋酸=23ml。（钛酸四丁酯、总乙醇、水与冰醋酸的物质分量比为1：18：18：4）,溶胶体系pH4,水解温度为26℃,得到的干凝胶粉末以22℃／min先升温至200℃,恒温1h除去挥发物,然后升温至450℃,煅烧2h。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米TiO2及其光催化活性的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米二氧化钛,以甲基橙为模型污染物,考察了影响纳米二氧化钛光催化活性的主要因素,并采用TEM,XRD等方法对样品进行了表征。结果表明:具有较高光催化活性的纳米二氧化钛的制备条件是钛酸丁酯、无水乙醇、冰乙酸、水的比例(体积比)为10∶19∶8∶4,500℃下煅烧2 h;纳米二氧化钛质量浓度为1 g/L时光催化效果最佳;纳米TiO2具有锐钛矿型晶体结构,平均粒径为10~20 nm。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备粉体纳米二氧化钛的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米TiO2粉体,研究了溶液配比、烧结工艺对纳米TiO2粉体材料的影响,分别采用XRD和SEM对所制备样品的物相及形貌进行了表征．结果表明：当pH=4．5,钛酸丁酯与无水乙醇的比例为2：5,蒸馏水与无水乙醇的比例为1：3,所获得的TiO2溶胶性能良好;实验在不同烧结温度（300,450,600℃）下,所获得的TiO2粉末均为锐钛矿型,未发生晶型转变;在600℃烧结所制备的TiO2粉末的晶粒分布均匀、细小,直径约为25nm．可以得知,所制备的纳米TiO2具有良好的光催化性能．     

金属离子掺杂对TiO2光催化性能影响分析

TiO2光催化剂可有效去除水中有机污染物。本文采用溶胶—凝胶法(Sol—gel)制备了掺杂不同含量金属离子的复合型TiO2光催化剂，光催化降解甲基橙溶液实验结果表明：掺杂Cr^3 的TiO2光催化活性明显高于单一TiO2和其他几种掺杂催化剂的光催化活性；当Cr^3 的掺入比例约为1．0％时，其光催化活性最高，紫外光照4h甲基橙的降解率达到90％以上，可见光照射6h甲基橙的降解率达85％以上。可望将掺杂金属离子的纳米TiO2作为一种有效的光催化剂，广泛应用于被污染水体的净化处理。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO2/MCM-41负载型光催化剂及其性能表征

以钛酸丁酯为钛源、MCM-41分子筛为载体,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备TiO2/MCM-41负载型光催化剂,并通过XRD、BET、TEM、XPS对最佳条件下制备的光催化剂进行表征.结果表明,所制光催化剂是一种具有均匀规则孔道结构的介孔材料,其粉体比表面积高达358.8m2/g;经700℃煅烧,催化剂主要晶相为锐铁矿相.光催化...     

掺铁纳米TiO2的制备及光催化降解罗丹明B的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了掺铁TiO2纳米粉体，并用x-射线衍射法（XRD）分析样品的晶相结构，考察了制备掺铁TiO2时的掺铁量和焙烧温度、降解体系的初始pH值和反应温度对掺铁纳米TiO2催化降解罗丹明B溶液效率的影响。实验证实，在金属卤素灯照射下，掺铁纳米Ti02在温和条件下催化降解罗丹明B可行。研究结果表明，初始pH=5、反应温度35℃、焙烧温度600℃、掺铁量为0.05wt％的纳米TiO2催化降解罗丹明B效果最佳，降解率可达94．69％；所制备的掺铁TiO2粒径在10—30nm左右，以锐钛矿为主的混晶存在于600℃焙烧的样品中。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.