小麦细胞膜脂组分与抗盐性的关系

本文选用了两个小麦品种(商丘碱麦、济源728)在人工气候室液体培养条件下,对盐渍胁迫下幼苗叶和根的细胞膜脂组分的变化进行了研究.低浓度盐溶液(0.9%)中,叶片和根系细胞膜脂脂肪酸饱和度降低;高浓度盐溶液(1.8%)中脂肪酸饱和度除叶片在第5天时低于对照以外均有所提高.低浓度盐溶液处理中亚油酸(18.2)含量比对照降低而亚麻酸(18∶3)含量提高,变化随处理时间延长而加大.高浓度盐溶液处理中,随处理时间延长亚油酸(18∶2)含量比对照降低而亚麻酸(18∶3)含量则由较低逐渐恢复至对照水平.     

实验羊草种群幼苗对不同梯度盐碱胁迫的生理响应

在盐胁迫、碱胁迫及混合盐碱胁迫条件下，测定了实验羊草种群幼苗的含水率、叶片叶绿素含量和细胞膜透性等胁变指标，结果表明：含水率和叶绿素含量随胁强的增大总体呈下降趋势，细胞膜透性随胁强的增大而增加；叶绿素含量和细胞膜透性与胁强之间关系可以用直线方程y=α bx表达出来，羊草幼苗对不同胁迫的敏感性顺序为：Na2CO3胁迫、混合盐碱胁迫、NaCl胁迫。     

田菁和碱苋菜耐盐性能的研究

以田菁和碱苋菜作为实验材料。利用沙培的办法培养幼苗，分析测定了盐胁迫下，田菁和碱苋菜植物鲜重、干重、脯氨酸含量、质膜透性、以及植物地上部分Ｎａ＾＋、Ｋ＾＋含量的变化。结果表明，随亍浓度的递增，两种植物的鲜重、干重、Ｋ＾＋含量均降低，Ｎａ＾＋和脯氨酸含量及细胞质膜透性明显增加。但降低和增加都是碱苋菜大于田菁。从而证明田菁的耐盐性能大于碱苋菜的耐盐能力。     

外源甜菜碱对两种玉米耐盐性影响的研究

以玉米沈单和农大108为实验材料,研究了外源甜菜碱对盐分胁迫条件下玉米(Zea may)幼苗水势、叶绿素含量、丙二醛(MDA)含量、细胞膜透性、cNa /cK 等的影响.结果表明,外源甜菜碱能够提高玉米幼苗叶片水势、叶绿素含量,降低膜透性、丙二醛含量,参与多种代谢调节,影响作物的耐盐性.另外,外源甜菜碱可以增强根系对Na ,K 的选择吸收能力,促进质膜主动排Na 过程,降低盐胁迫下叶片中Na 含量.     

盐胁迫下五种非粮能源植物抗氧化防御反应研究

以5种抗盐性不同的非粮能源植物苍耳、曼陀罗、蓖麻、苘麻和野西瓜苗实生苗为实验材料,通过测定盐胁迫下5种植物地上部和根系的干重和鲜重、叶内总叶绿素和膜质过氧化产物含量以及抗氧化酶活性的变化,研究盐胁迫对5种草本非粮能源植物膜脂过氧化作用和抗氧化防御系统的影响.结果表明:盐胁迫抑制了几种植物的生长,表现为地上部和根系的干重和鲜重明显低于对照.随盐胁迫强度的增加,膜脂过氧化产物MDA含量显著增加,在几种植物中,苍耳和苘麻MDA含量增加幅度最小.随盐胁迫强度的增加,所有植物SOD和GR活性均增加,但苍耳和苘麻增加幅度最大,野西瓜苗增加幅度最小;除野西瓜苗CAT和APX活性表现出下降趋势外,其他植物CAT和APX活性均有所增加.研究表明,苍耳和苘麻由于具有有效的抗氧化防御系统而表现出较强的抗盐性;野西瓜苗由于各抗氧化酶活性均处于较低水平而表现出较弱的抗盐性.     

高温胁迫对荞麦下胚轴生理的影响

以芥麦(Fagopyrum esculentum Moench)幼苗下胚轴为材料,探讨热驯和高温胁迫对其下胚轴生长量、抗坏血酸(AsA)、丙二醛(MDA)、相对含水量(RWC)和细胞膜热稳定性的影响.结果表明:荞麦幼苗下胚轴的生长量、RWC和AsA含量随胁迫温度的升高而降低,相对电导率和MDA含量随胁迫温度的升高而增加;热驯能适当提高下胚轴的耐热性.     

盐胁迫对鸢尾叶片生理指标的影响

用质量分数分别为0、0.3%、0.6%、0.9%的NaCl营养液对德国鸢尾8#(Iris germanica‘white andblue’)和蓝蝴蝶(I.tectorum)植株进行根际盐胁迫,处理时间为4 d和8 d。结果表明:两种鸢尾受盐胁迫后,随着NaCl浓度提高和胁迫时间延长,叶片的质膜相对透性增大,而蓝蝴蝶的膜透性增大程度比德国鸢尾更为明显。MDA含量也是蓝蝴蝶高于德国鸢尾8#。说明了在盐胁迫下德国鸢尾8#叶片质膜受损伤的程度较轻。德国鸢尾8#叶内保护酶SOD活性及渗透调节物质脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白含量都显著高于蓝蝴蝶。研究证实了德国鸢尾8#比蓝蝴蝶具有相对较强的抗盐能力,其较小的质膜透性和MDA含量,较高的SOD活性和脯氨酸及可溶性蛋白含量是鸢尾属5个重要的抗盐生理指标。     

海岛棉不同基因型幼苗对盐胁迫的生理响应

以海岛棉品种新海21号(XH 21,盐敏感基因型)和新海28号(XH 28,耐盐基因型)为材料,采用水培法,从3叶期开始进行NaCl处理(NaCl浓度为0、50、100、150、200、250mmol/L),研究了盐胁迫下海岛棉不同基因型幼苗干物质分配、生长特征、游离脯氨酸含量、根系活力、膜透性及丙二醛含量的变化规律。结果表明:NaCl胁迫对海岛棉耐盐基因型和盐敏感基因型根长、根系活力、茎粗及干物质分配影响具有明显差异,低浓度的NaCl(≤50mmol/L)能够提高耐盐基因型根系活力,促进根长及茎的生长,增加生物量,而对盐敏感基因型无促进作用;随盐浓度的增加,二基因型功能叶丙二醛含量和细胞膜透性均显著上升,但XH 28与XH 21相比,则具有较低丙二醛含量和电解质外渗率。故盐胁迫下海岛棉叶中能保持较高的游离脯氨酸含量及较低丙二醛含量、膜透性是耐盐性品种的生理基础。     

盐胁迫对锦带花幼苗生长特性的影响

以锦带花为材料,采用盆栽法研究了不同土壤盐质量分数对锦带花生长的影响.结果 表明:锦带花在盐质量分数≤0.3%时,盐胁迫对其生物量、相对新梢生长量及根冠比的抑制作用不显著,在盐质量分数为0.1%时还略有增加,当盐质量分数为0.4%时才显著下降.随着土壤盐质量分数的增加,叶片及根部的相对含水率逐渐减少,细胞膜透性及丙二醛...     

转BADH基因水稻幼苗抗盐的若干生理生化反应

试验以受体亲本水稻中花8号为对照,用含0,5,7 g·L~(-1)NaCl的水稻专用营养液培养水稻幼苗,研究了转甜菜碱醛脱氢酶(BADH)基因水稻品系52—7的抗盐性。结果表明：在盐胁迫条件下,水稻幼苗的生长减慢,根冠比值减小;膜透性增强;MDA、脯氨酸、游离氨基酸、可溶性糖含量升高;叶绿素、蛋白质含量下降;POD,SOD活性增强;随着盐浓度的升高变化幅度增加。与对照品种比较,52—7在盐胁迫下的生长量和根冠比较大;电解质相对渗出率较低;MDA和蛋白质、氨基酸含量变化幅度较低;叶绿素、脯氨酸含量较高;POD,SOD活性较强;表现了较强的抗盐性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.