动态黑洞视界面附近的熵密度

利用带有电荷与磁荷的直线加速动态黑洞的熵密度,得到了任一时刻黑洞视界面附近沿某一方位角的熵密度总是正比于该处视界温度的三次方的结论.发现直线加速动态黑洞视界面附近的熵密度不仅与时间有关,而且与方位角有关.     

一般球对称动态黑洞中标量场的熵

采用乌龟坐标变换,在视界面附近化简Klein-Gordon场方程,得到在视界面附近的辐射温度.用薄膜 brick-wall 模型,选择适当的截断因子和薄膜厚度,得到在视界面附近薄膜上的熵,结果表明黑洞熵与视界面积成正比.     

任意加速带电动态黑洞的广义Stefan-Boltzmann定律

利用任意加速带电动态黑洞视界面附近子系统的熵,导出黑洞的瞬时辐出度,得到了任一时刻黑洞沿某一方向的瞬时辐出度总是正比于在该方向上黑洞视界温度的四次方的结论.导出的广义Stefan-Boltzmann系数是一个与黑洞视界的变化率、黑洞视界面附近的时空度规及黑洞的吸收与辐射系数有关的动比例系数.     

动态黑洞视界面附近熵密度的讨论

利用带有电荷与磁荷的直线加速动态黑洞的熵密度，得到了任一时刻黑洞视界面附近沿某一方位角的熵密度总是正比于该处视界温度的三次方的结论。发现直线加速动态黑洞视界面附近的熵密度不仅与时间有关，而且与方位角有关。     

动态黑洞视界面附近的熵密度

利用带有电荷与磁荷的直线加速动态黑洞的熵密度，得到了任一时刻黑洞视界面附近沿某一方位角的熵密度总是正比于该处视界温度的三次方的结论．发现直线加速动态黑洞视界面附近的熵密度不仅与时间有关，而且与方位角有关．     

用膜模型计算Schwarzschild-de Sitter黑洞的熵

用改进的ｂｒｉｃｋ ｗａｌｌ模型－膜模型计算了Ｓｃｈｗａｒｚｓｃｈｉｌｄ－ｄｅ Ｓｉｔｔｅｒ黑洞的熵，把黑洞视界和宇宙视界附近一薄层物质场的熵分别看做各自视界的熵，计算结果与面积定理完全一致。     

动态Kerr-Newman-de Sitter黑洞的熵

基于四次方程的三角解法,给出了动态Kerr-Newman de Sitter黑洞的视界位置。引入局部热平衡的概念,运用改进后的brick- wall模型——薄膜模型,研究了此黑洞的熵。当把黑洞视界和宇宙视界附近一薄层物质场的熵分别看作各自视界的熵,并选择与静态、稳态黑洞相同的截断因子时,计算结果与面积定理完全一致。     

一般球对称动态黑洞中Dirac场的熵

采用乌龟坐标变换,在视界面附近把Dirac场方程化成波动方程,得到黑洞的辐射温度.用薄膜brick-wall模型计算黑洞的熵,结果表明熵与视界面积成正比,熵的表达式与静态或稳态情况一样简单.     

Schwarzschild黑洞的广义Stefan-Boltzmann定律

利用黑洞视界面附近的熵密度,得到了黑洞的辐射能通量总是正比于黑洞视界温度四次方的结论,即黑洞的热辐射总是满足广义Stefan-Boltzmann定律。导出的广义Stefan-Boltzmann系数不再是一个恒量,当截断距离以及薄膜厚度选定后,它是一个与黑洞的质量、黑洞视界面附近的时空度规以及辐射粒子的种类有关的比例系数。得到了当截断距离和薄膜厚度取定后,距Schwarzschild黑洞遥远的观测者所接收到的辐射能通量与薄层膜内辐射粒子沿径向的平均泻流速率成正比,与观测者到黑洞之间的距离的平方成反比。     

荷电Dilaton-Maxwell动态黑洞中Dirac场的熵

在Dilaton-Maxwell黑洞中,将4个耦合的Dirac方程简化,作乌龟坐标变换,得到视界面附近处的辐射温度函数.采用薄膜brick-wall模型计算出该黑洞的熵,选择合适的截断因子,得到熵与该黑洞视界面积成正比的结论.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

海南岛地体及其毗邻陆缘晚中生代—新生代古地磁研究和构造演化

本文叙述了对海南岛及其毗邻大陆边缘白垩纪到第四纪地层岩石进行古地磁研究的全部工作过程。通过分析岩石中剩余磁矢量的磁偏角及磁倾角的变化,提出海南岛白垩纪以来经历的构造演化模式如下:早期伴随顺时针旋转而向南迁移,后期伴随逆时针转动并向北运移。联系该地区及邻区的地质、地球物理资料,对海南岛上述的构造地体运动提出以下认识:北部湾内早期有一拉张作用,主要是该作用使湾内地壳显著伸长减薄,形成北部湾盆地。从而导致了海南岛的早期构造运动,而海南岛后期的构造运动则主要是受南海海底扩张的影响。海南地体运动规律的阐明对于了解北部湾油气盆地的形成演化有重要的理论和实际意义。     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

《Chinese Science Bulletin》SUBJECT INDEX TO VOLUME 59(2014)

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Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

The elongation method,originally proposed by Imamura was further developed for many years in our group.As a method towards O(N)with high efficiency and high accuracy for any dimensional systems.This treatment designed for one-dimensional(ID)polymers is now available for three-dimensional(3D)systems,but geometry optimization is now possible only for 1D-systems.As an approach toward post-Hartree-Fock,it was also extended to