海南岛无翼坡垒种群结构与分布格局研究

本文重点研究了海南无翼坡垒种群结构与分布格局．经研究估计该种群大小为（个体高度≥５０ｃｍ）１７８２×１０４个，年龄结构为＂金字塔＂型，是一个增长旺盛的发展种群，平均种群密度为５９．４株·１００ｍ－２，种群最大冠幅层是８～９ｍ高的个体群，整个种群是显集群分布，但随着个体的长大，集群程度在不断减小．整个种群的集群程度的ｋ近似值为１．３７２３，相应的Ⅱ级立木为１．４９３，Ⅲ级立木为２．８３８，Ⅳ级立本为４．２３６，Ⅴ级立木为随机分布．     

海南岛无翼坡垒林植物物种多样性和物种空间配置研究

从群落最小面积、绝对植物物种多样性和植物物种多样性指数等三个方面的测定，研究海南岛无翼坡垒林的植物物种多样性．其结果是，群落最小面积为３５００ｍ２，在这个面积范围里，１．５ｍ高以上的立木有１２６种；物种多样性指数Ｄｓ－ｗ＝５．０３．从群落物种分布的均匀度、各物种的频度和群落的垂直分布状况，研究该森林的物种空间配置，结果表明：群落的均匀度Ｊｓ－ｗ为７１．７６，频度分布规律力Ａ＞Ｂ＞Ｃ＞Ｄ＞Ｅ（按Ｒａｕｎｋｉａｅｒ频度级），其特征是Ａ级所占的比例很大，约占总数的７４．６％；垂直分布状况表明，无翼坡垒林整个群落的个体高度比例基本上是“金字塔”型，但仍有一定的波动性．     

L－酪氨酸高氯酸盐的晶体结构

在水溶液中制备了标题化合物Ｌ－酪氨酸ＨＣｌＯ４，并用Ｘ射线单晶衍射仪测定了其晶体结构。晶体属单斜晶系，Ｐ２１空间群。晶胞参数：ａ＝０．５３３５（１）ｎｍ，ｂ＝０．９８１７（２）ｎｍ，ｃ＝１．２０００（３）ｎｍ，β＝９４．７９（２）°，Ｖ＝０．６２６３（３）ｎｍ３，Ｚ＝２，Ｄｃ＝１．４９４ｇ／ｃｍ３     

稀土金属镱及钇苦味酸盐与苯并15冠5配合物的晶体和分子结构

标题化合物Ｙｂ（Ｐｉ）＿３（Ｂｌ５Ｃ５）＿２·２Ｈ＿２Ｏ·ＣＨ＿３ＣＮ（Ｉ）及Ｙ（Ｐｉ）＿３（Ｂｌ５Ｃ５）＿２·２Ｈ＿２Ｏ·ＣＨ＿３ＣＮ（Ⅱ）为同晶结构，均为３斜晶系，空间群为Ｐ－对晶体（Ｉ），ａ＝１２．７５３（１）Ａ，ｂ＝１３．８１０（２）Ａ．ｃ＝１９．６０９（２）Ａ，α＝８１．３７（３）°，β＝７１．５８（３）°，γ＝７０．７１（２）°，Ｚ＝２．Ｄ＿ｃ＝１．４６８ｇ·ｃｍ￣（－３），μ＝１５．９２８ｃｍ￣（－１）（ＭｏＫα），Ｍ＿ｒ＝１４７１，０４，Ｆ（０００）＝７４５，Ｒ＝０．０３１，Ｒ＿ｗ＝０．０３９；对晶体（Ⅱ），α＝１２．７８５（１）Ａ，ｂ＝１３．８５０（３）Ａ，ｃ＝１９．５７１（２）Ａ，α＝８１．０５（３）°，β＝７０．９２（２）°，γ＝７０．６２（３）°，Ｚ＝２，Ｄｃ＝ｌ．４８５ｇ·ｃｍ￣（－３），μ＝１０．４４１ｃｍ￣（－１）（ＭｏＫα），Ｍ＿ｒ＝１３８６．９ｌ，Ｆ（０００）＝７ｌ４，Ｒ＝０．０６５，Ｒ＿ｗ＝０．０７８．测定结果表明，中心稀土离子Ｙｂ￣（３＋）（或Ｙ￣（３＋）直接与３个苦味酸阴离子和２个水分子配位，此水化镱（或钇）苦味酸盐通过水桥氢键与冠醚Ｂｌ５Ｃ５相联而形成一个大的疏水性     

金属-氨基多羧酸类配合物分子和晶体结构的研究(Ⅲ)——K〔Fe~Ⅲ(ida)_2〕·3H_2O配合物的合成及结构测定

本文报导了Ｋ〔ＦｅⅢ（ｉｄａ）２〕·３Ｈ２Ｏ（ｉｄａ２－＝氨基二乙酸根）配合物的合成及它的分子结构和晶体结构的测定．具体结果如下：正交晶系，Ｐｂｃｎ空间群，ａ＝１８．７６５（３），ｂ＝１０．４４７（３），ｃ＝１５．６４５（２），ｖ＝３０６７（１）３，单位晶胞中的分子数为８，Ｄｃ＝１．７８ｇ·ｃｍ－３，Ｄｏ＝１．７２ｇ·ｃｍ－３，μ＝１．３１４ｍｍ－１，Ｆ（０００）＝１６８８，对于２７６７个独立的衍射点，它的Ｒ和Ｒｗ值分别为０．０５２和０．０４７．其中〔ＦⅢ（ｉｄａ）２〕－是一个Ｎ和Ｎ顺位的近似八面体结构．由此可知具有对称电子结构（ｈｉｇｈ－ｓｐｉｎｄ５）的ＦｅⅢ与被看成是ｅｄｔａ４－（＝乙二胺四乙酸根）去掉了ＣＨ２—ＣＨ２基团的双ｉｄａ２－配体形成的配合物只能选择六配位的八面体结构     

CdI2与TSC加成物的合成及结构

ＣｄＩ２与ＴＳＣ在丙酮溶剂及水中形成加成物ＣｄＩ２（Ｃ４Ｈ１０Ｎ３Ｓ）２·Ｈ２Ｏ,晶体属单斜晶系,空间群为Ｐ２１／ｍ．晶胞参数为ａ＝０．７５３３（３）ｎｍ,ｂ＝１．５３５（２）ｎｍ,ｃ＝０．８４３７（２）ｎｍ,β＝９０．９１（３）°,ｖ＝０．９７６（１）ｎｍ３,Ｍｒ＝６４８．６４,Ｚ＝２,Ｄｃ＝２．２０ｇ·ｃｍ－３,μ（ＣｕＫα）＝４４．５８ｃｍ－１,Ｆ（０００）＝６０８,Ｔ＝２９７Ｋ．用１６２２个Ｉ≥３σ（Ｉ）独立衍射精修结构,最终偏差因子Ｒ＝０．０５７,晶体中存在分离的单核络合物ＣｄＩ２（Ｃ４Ｈ１０Ｎ３Ｓ）２·Ｈ２Ｏ,Ｃｄ原子呈畸变四面体配位．两个Ｃｄ－Ｉ和Ｃｄ－Ｓ键长分别为０．２７３０ｎｍ,０．２７４３ｎｍ和０．２５７５ｎｍ．     

[Na（DB18C6）（H2O）2]2W6O19的合成与晶体结构

有关文献报道了［Ｎａ（ＤＢ１８Ｃ６）ＣＨ３ＯＨ２］２Ｗ６Ｏ１９的合成与晶体结构．本文应用相同的反应物，选用不同的实验条件合成出了另一种新型冠醚多酸超分子配合物，并进行了ｘ四圆衍射测定．该晶体Ｃ４９Ｈ８２Ｗ６Ｎ２Ｎａ２Ｏ４０为四方型，空间群为Ｐｒ／ｍｂｍ，α＝１．７０９５（３）ｎｍ，Ｃ＝２．８２４３（５）ｎｍ，Ｖ＝８．２５４（２）ｎｍ３，Ｚ＝５４，Ｍｒ＝２４８８．３３，Ｄｘ＝２．０３５／ｃｍ３，μ＝９．５１ｃｍ－１，Ｆ（０００）＝４７０４．最后一致性因子为Ｒ＝０．０５４６和Ｒｗ＝０．０６３２．该配合物由［Ｎａ（ＤＢ１８Ｃ６）（Ｈ２Ｏ）２］＋与Ｗ６Ｏ１９通过静电作用而组成     

2—甲酰吡啶缩氨基硫脲合成和分子结构测定

用α－皮考啉，硫磺和氨基硫脲合成的Ｃ７Ｈ８Ｎ４Ｓ·２Ｈ２Ｏ为橙黄针状晶体，四方晶系，空间群Ｉ４１／ａ．ａ＝１．３６７ １（１），ｃ＝２．２１７ ６（３）ｎｍ．Ｖ＝４．１４４ｎｍ＾３，Ｚ＝１６，Ｄｃａｌ＝１．３６０ｇ／ｃｍ＾３。Ｄｏｂｓ＝１．３５０ｇ／ｃｍ＾３。经石墨单色化的Ｍｏｋα辐射，以ω／２θ方式扫描收集１８８５个独立反射，其中１２５３个可观察反射参加结构解析和精修。最终残差指数Ｒ＝０．０４１     

老顶山人工油松林生物量的研究

对海拔１２００—１３００ｍ处的２８年生油松人工林生物量进行了研究。乔木层的生物量采用回归模型预测，其为：油松Ｗ树干＝２．３１６（Ｄ２Ｈ）０．６５８，Ｗ（枝条）＝１．３１３（Ｄ２Ｈ）０．９８９，Ｗ叶子＝１．４１２（Ｄ２Ｈ）０．８３１和Ｗ（根条）＝１．５８９（Ｄ２Ｈ）０．７５３，灌木和草本植物用表测数据计算。结果表明：６月份人工油松林的总生物量为４３．４７０ｇ／ｈａ，其中乔木层３５．６７９吨／公顷，林下灌木及草本层７．７９１ｔ／ｈａ。     

晋西华北落叶松人工林生物量和生产力的研究

本文对华北落叶松人工林生物量和生产力进行了研究,结果表明：（１）华北落叶松胸径（Ｄ）、树高（Ｈ）、冠幅（Ｃ）和冠长（Ｌ）四个测树指标之间,测树指标与干、枝、叶生物量之间以及营养器官生物量之间具有较为密切的关系;（２）应用测树指标对地上部分生物量进行了回归,建立了华北落叶松相对生长方程,根据相关系数ｒ,选择最优模型,干为Ｗｔ＝７０５．３５Ｄ１．８１０５,地上部分为Ｗｏ＝２２４．４９（Ｄ２Ｈ）０．９４８９;枝为Ｗｂ＝－０．３１Ｈ２＋７．１５７７Ｈ－３２．３７８;叶为Ｗ１＝－３．４６０１Ｃ２＋１８．５３１Ｃ－２２．１６３;（３）晋西地区华北落叶松地上部分生物量和生产力分别为４１．９２９９ｔ／ｎａ和１．６７６８ｔ／ｎａ／ｙ;（４）干生物量主要集中在下部,而枝叶生物量主要集中在中部。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.