边坡爆破振动传播规律的试验研究

从爆破地震效应分析入手,对实验室内混凝土边坡的爆破振动进行试验研究,探讨爆破振动在边坡中的传播规律,并分析了边坡爆破振动对边坡作用机理和地震强度的影响.结果表明,人工预留的预裂缝作为减震沟有明显的减震效果,且表明可运用于实际的边坡爆破工程.     

减震沟长度对塌落振动的减震效果的试验研究

利用混凝土块的重复倾倒来模拟建(构)筑物爆破拆除的倾倒过程,并采集由此产生的塌落振动信号.在倒塌方向开挖不同长度的减震沟,探索减震沟长度变化对塌落振动信号的衰减影响.对实验所采集的数据信号进行分析,减震沟长度从0.6 m依次增加至1.6 m,峰值振速的降低幅值较大,从1.6 m依次增加到2.4 m峰值振速的降低峰值较小.由此确定在试验条件不变的前提下对塌落振动信号的衰减明显的减震沟长度的最优区间为1.6~2.0 m.另外,通过HHT法得到振动信号的希尔伯特三维能量谱,显示出塌落振动信号携带的能量衰减在0.6 m依次增加至1.6 m的过程明显,从1.6 m增加到2.4 m时衰减作用减缓,进一步验证了在试验条件不变时减震沟长度的最优区间为1.6~2.0 m.     

基于小波变换的奇异信号检测研究

奇异信号的奇异点经常携带有比较重要的信息,它是信号的重要特征之一.证明了小波变换能用来检测信号的奇异性,利用小波变换模的极大值和信号奇异点的关系,可以分析信号局部奇异性.信号局部奇异性用李氏指数来描述.研究了奇异性检测小波基的选择条件.给出了实例分析,结果表明,小波变换在信号奇异性检测和局部化分析方面具有优异特性.     

连续小波变换的一维信号检测

奇异点是各种瞬态信号的主要特征,奇异点的类型多种多样.为了更准确地描述信号,分析局部奇异特征显得异常重要.在数学上,利用李氏(Lipschitz)指数来描述奇异性;Mallat等已证明通过不同尺度下的小波局部模极大值的衰减特征可求得李氏指数.讨论了利用小波模极大值理论,在尺度对数与小波系数对数的平面中具体求解李氏指数的数值算法过程并且给出了一个一维信号的Matlab仿真实验.实验结果表明该方法对李氏指数(Lip 0.3＜α＜2)的测试有较高的精度.     

连续小波变换的一维信号检测

奇异点是各种瞬态信号的主要特征,奇异点的类型多种多样。为了更准确地描述信号,分析局部奇异特征显得异常重要。在数学上,利用李氏(Lipschitz)指数来描述奇异性;Mallat等已证明通过不同尺度下的小波局部模极大值的衰减特征可求得李氏指数。讨论了利用小波模极大值理论,在尺度对数与小波系数对数的平面中具体求解李氏指数的数值算法过程并且给出了一个一维信号的Matlab仿真实验。实验结果表明该方法对李氏指数(Lip0.3<α<2)的测试有较高的精度。     

鞍钢专家接待楼地表以下土石方爆破振动研究

介绍采用深孔综合控爆技术（底部间隔装药、孔内微差、逐孔顺序起爆、开切预裂缝等）使邻近爆区的建（构）筑物所产生的振动强度减弱到最低程度，确保鞍钢专家接待楼地表以下土石方爆破过程中邻近建（构）筑物的安全，文中着重论述通过试验研究确定底部间隔装药和开切预裂缝后的综合减震效应（减震率）；阐明所进行的爆破地震强度监测及其结果分析，在整个爆破过程中为确保邻近建（构）筑物安全所起的指导作用。     

减震沟条件下爆破振动对邻近结构动力响应

为研究在减震沟影响下邻近建筑物对拆除爆破振动的动力响应,以乌海市科技大楼爆破拆除为例,采用有无减震沟条件下所实测地震波数据,并利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA建立10层框架结构模型,对有无减震防护措施下邻近建筑物的动力响应进行模拟研究,得到建筑物的单元应力以及节点相对位移变化规律.研究结果表明:相对于无减震沟而言,大楼爆破拆除产生的地震波在减震沟影响下,所建立的邻近框架结构模型的单元应力在各方向降低范围在20%到36%,节点在Y方向的相对位移衰减率为47.43%,而节点在X与Z方向的相对位移没有明显变化.     

爆破振动信号时频特征的微差时间效应

基于平滑伪Wigner-Ville分布信号重排(RSPWVD),用matlab5.6编写的振动信号处理软件,并在海钢北一采场就微差间隔时间对爆破振动的影响进行试验的基础上,研究了振动信号时频特征的微差时间效应.基于平滑伪Wigner-Ville分布信号重排能全面反映爆破振动信号的时频特征,具有良好的聚集性.采用BC-6型微差起爆器起爆瞬发雷管消除了微差雷管时间漂移带来的误差.将测试获得的不同微差时间条件下的爆破振动波形进行重排,获得了相应条件下的爆破振动时频特征.研究表明,微差时间对爆破振动信号的时频特征影响很大,延迟时间的长短直接影响到整个爆破振动信号主频率及其持续时间.图2,表1,参11.     

废车、减震沟及沙袋缓冲对塌落振动减振效果对比研究

针对城市爆破拆除工程中的塌落振动问题,结合落锤冲击数值模拟与塌落冲击试验研究了减震沟、废弃机动车及沙袋缓冲层等减振措施对塌落振动的减振效果。结果表明,落锤冲击数值模拟与塌落冲击试验动力响应规律较一致,减震沟、废车及沙袋缓冲等均能在一定程度上降低地面质点振动响应峰值;塌落冲击试验中所有振动分量频率均介于10～40 Hz之间,废车及沙袋缓冲对部分振动分量频率影响不明显;在减震沟、废车及沙袋缓冲等3种减振措施中,废车尤其微型面包车缓冲减振效果最好。     

岩体爆破震动的监测与衰减规律

为研究爆破震动波在岩体及减震孔中的传播及其影响,本文以重庆两江新区SK厂区周边土石方爆破工程为例,运用ANSYS/Ls-dyna软件和萨道夫斯基经验公式,计算出现场地质条件下的场地系数K?4 724.98,衰减系数??1.995 5,并通过现场试验,测算了减震孔前后地表质点振动速度,最后将现场试验数据与数值模拟结果进行对比分析.结果表明:现场试验结果与数值模拟有一定的差异,但存在同样的变化规律.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.