磁性石墨烯-液质联用测定鸡肉中万古霉素和喹诺酮

建立了鸡肉中万古霉素和喹诺酮类药物残留的磁性石墨烯固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法.样品采用乙腈提取,磁性石墨烯粉分散固相萃取净化,经Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18(3.0 mm ×100.0 mm,1.8 μm)色谱柱分离,液相色谱-串联质谱仪进行检测.目标物在2.0~50.0 μg/L内线性关系良好(r²>0.99).鸡肉基质中目标化合物在5、10、25 μg/kg加标水平的回收率为71.2%~98.8%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为6.8%~14.3%.该方法净化效果好,回收率高,精密度好,可用于鸡肉中万古霉素和喹诺酮类药物残留检测.     

固相萃取与高效液相色谱联用快速测定鲜奶中的三聚氰胺

采用固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定鲜奶样品中的三聚氰胺.固相萃取柱为Strata-X-C,液相色谱柱Thermo BDS HYPERSIL C8(4.6 mm×250 mm,5μm);流动相为乙腈:0.01 mol/L辛烷磺酸钠-柠檬酸缓冲溶液(10:90,V:V),检测波长为 238 nm.三聚氰胺峰的保留时间为 8.25 min.三聚氰胺在 1.0～50μg/mL 范围内具有良好的线性关系(R=0.997),在添加量为30,60,90 mg/kg 时,三聚氰胺标准加入回收率为90.40%～91.10%,RSD为1.14%～1.88%.方法检出限为0.1 mg/kg.     

活性炭固相微萃取-气相色谱联用测定海水中壬基酚

利用自制的活性炭萃取纤维结合固相微萃取-气相色谱联用技术(ACF-SPME-GC)对海水中的壬基酚进行了检测分析,同时对实验影响因素如萃取方式、解析时间、解析温度、萃取温度、萃取时间、离子强度以及pH进行了研究.实验结果表明,得到最佳萃取条件为:在70 ℃下,加NaCl到5%,调节pH到6,萃取20 min,且该方法的线性范围在1～100 μg/L,检出限在0.1 μg/L,相对标准偏差(RSD)在10%以下,且在实际海水体系中测得加标回收率为101.2%,可以满足实际海水样品测定的需要.     

银鲫肌肉中甲苯咪唑及其代谢物残留检测方法的建立—HPLC法

利用高效液相色谱法(HPLC-UV),建立了银鲫肌肉中甲苯咪唑(MBZ)及其两种代谢产物氨基甲苯咪唑(MBZ-NH2)和羟基甲苯眯唑(MBZ-OH)残留的检测方法.采用氨化乙酸乙酯作为提取溶剂,减压浓缩后去脂,二氯甲烷萃取,氢氧化钠净化,乙酸乙酯二次萃取,N2吹干,定容后使用高效液相色谱分析.方法在0.1～4.0μg/mL之间呈线性相关,相对标准偏差为1.09%～5.12%,MBZ、MBZ-NH2、MBZ-OH平均加标回收率分别为72.17%～77.44%、63.51%～68.07、82.37%～86.83%,检出限分别为10 μg/kg、15 μg/kg和10 μg/kg.     

气相色谱-质谱法测定木制文具中含氯苯酚

建立了气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)测定木制文具中10种含氯苯酚(三氯苯酚、四氯苯酚、五氯苯酚)的方法.采用甲醇提取试样,含氯苯酚在碳酸钾溶液中经乙酸酐乙酰化后用正己烷萃取,再由气相色谱-质谱联用仪进行测定.含氯苯酚类化合物在0.1 mg/kg～200.0 mg/kg范围内呈良好线性,相关系数(r)为0.999 6～0.999 9,检出限(LOD)均为0.1 mg/kg,加标回收率在88.3¹03.6%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)(n=6)小于6%.结果表明,该方法操作简便,回收率好,重现性好.     

固相萃取-超高效液相色谱法测定茶叶中6种合成着色剂

本实验建立了固相萃取-超高效液相色谱(SPE-UPLC)方法测定茶叶中柠檬黄、新红、苋菜红、胭脂红、日落黄和亮蓝等6种着色剂,该方法具有快速、高效的特点。在检测波长254nm,甲醇-0.02mol/L乙酸铵的梯度洗脱条件下,6种着色剂的线性良好(r20.99),加标回收率为78.4%~118%,RSD均小于3%,检出限为0.1~1.0mg/kg,定量限为0.3~3.0mg/kg。用建立的方法对市售茶叶进行了检测。     

固相萃取净化-气相色谱法测定茶叶中的短链氯化石蜡

采用正己烷超声萃取，固相萃取(SPE)净化，气相色谱-电子捕获检测器(GC-ECD)进行检测.根据建立的方法进行了加标回收(2.0 mg/kg,5.0 mg/kg,10.0 mg/kg)实验.结果表明，短链氯化石蜡的回收率范围是82.07 %～99.05%，相对标准偏差(n＝5)2.45% ～5.18%，满足检测的准确度和精密度要求.     

固相萃取—高效液相色谱法测定植物油中苯并(a)芘

本实验建立了基于固相萃取的高效液相色谱法测定植物油中苯并(a)芘含量。样品用正己烷溶解,经Cleanert BAP-3固相萃取小柱净化,采用C18色谱柱分离,以乙腈/水=80/20(V/V)为流动相,经荧光检测器检测。结果表明苯并(a)芘在0.50μg/L~50μg/L浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数为0.9999,方法检出限为0.1μg/kg,样品加标回收率为89.00%~94.46%,RSD为1.0%~2.2%。该方法具有快速、准确、灵敏、简单等特点,可用于植物油中苯并芘的检测。     

气相色谱-串联质谱检测烟草中10种酰胺类除草剂残留

采用固相萃取-气相色谱-串联质谱来测定烟草中10种酰胺类除草剂的残留量。烟草样品通过含1%乙酸的乙腈混合液提取,固相萃取净化,采用气相色谱分离,串联质谱多反应监测模式分析。10种酰胺类除草剂在0.01~1.0 mg/L线性范围内均呈良好线性关系,相关系数大于0.997,方法的检出限在0.2~4.7μg/kg之间。在10μg/kg,50μg/kg,100μg/kg等3个浓度水平下进行加标实验,其加标回收率在79.6%~101.4%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在1.6%~6.7%之间。建立的方法简便、快速、灵敏,为常见烟草中酰胺类除草剂残留的准确判断提供了可靠依据,适用于烟草中10种酰胺类除草剂的同时检测。     

超高效液相色谱测定肉制品中的罗丹明B、孔雀石绿和结晶紫及其代谢物残留

提出了一种以超高效液相色谱同时检测肉制品中5种违禁合成色素的新方法.以甲醇-水(V(甲醇)∶V(水)=95∶5)作为提取剂,样品在80℃经微波辅助萃取5min,继以C18固相萃取柱净化,使用ACQUITY BEH C18分析柱,以乙腈-20mmol/L乙酸铵缓冲溶液(V(乙腈)∶V(乙酸铵)=80∶20,pH=5)作流动相,实现了5种色素的有效分离.在0.1～5.0μg/mL内,校准曲线呈良好的线性,相关系数r为0.994 5～0.999 5.该方法测定肉制品中罗丹明B、孔雀石绿、结晶紫、隐性孔雀石绿和隐性结晶紫的定量限分别为4.23,1.83,1.61,1.96,1.95μg/kg.对加标50μg/kg的牛肉香肠日内测定6次,5种分析物的精密度(以RSD表示)优于9.2%.在25μg/kg和75μg/kg添加水平,平均回收率为78.01%～109.2%,相对标准偏差小于10%.实验结果表明:该方法具有快速、灵敏和准确等优点,可用于肉制品中5种违禁色素的常规分析.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.