Fe_(78)Si_9B_(13)非晶合金的恒导磁性能

研究了普通退火对Fe78Si9B13非晶合金磁性能的影响.实验发现:当合金内有适当数量的-αFe(Si)晶体相析出时,可形成感生磁各向异性,易磁化方向与带面垂直.经470℃×120 min和480℃×60 min退火后合金呈现良好的恒导磁特性.根据剩磁比Br/B800随退火温度和时间变化的规律,讨论了-αFe(Si)晶体相在表面层和基体内的晶化过程对源于磁弹性耦合作用的横向感生磁各向异性的影响:表面层的先期晶化促进横向感生磁各向异性形成;基体内晶体相析出减弱磁弹性耦合作用.     

用试验参数表达的应变速率敏感性指数的理论公式及其测量

从理论上建立了一组恒应变速率、恒变形速度和恒变形载荷变形路径下的应变速率敏感性指数测量公式,并给出在对应的试验曲线上的测量方法.同时针对Zn质量分数5%Al合金在常态(18℃)下的试验结果进行了测量和比较,从而说明这种合金即使在常态(18℃)下也具有较强的结构敏感性.     

Cu-Zn-Al形状记忆合金的双分级淬火

合金的形状记忆效应是以热弹性马氏体转变为基础,通常要求该类合金具有较大的热弹性马氏体可逆转变量和稳定的特征转变温度。但是,这些参数与热处理条件密切相关,特别是在M_s高于室温的三元Cu-Zn-Al形状记忆合金中存在着热弹性马氏体的稳定化现象。作者曾研究了Cu-14.84Zn-7.75Al(wt％)形状记忆合金在单分级淬火条件下的热弹性马氏体转变行为,并探讨了热弹性马氏体稳定化机理。本文用直流电阻法、金相显微镜、扫描电镜、X-射线衍射等方法继续对该合金在双分级淬火条件下的热弹性马氏体转变行为进行了研究。主要结果如下: (1)本实验合金经(360℃,2分钟+150℃,2分钟)双分级淬火可获得最大热弹性马氏体可逆转变量和稳定的特征转变温度,但双分级淬火在360℃停留时会使贫溶质原子α相在原β相晶界和晶内析出,导致基体相中溶质原子富化。随着360℃停留的时间延长,α相逐渐增多,热弹性马氏体可逆转变量和特征转变温度(M_s,M_f,A_s,A_f)分别逐渐减少和降低。当基体相完全分解成多相组织时,其热弹性才完全消失。 (2)在T_s高于340℃的单分级淬火试样中热弹性马氏体的稳定化,不是由于母相中第二相析出所造成。 (3)双分级淬火试样的热弹性马氏体可逆转变量减少和特征转变温度降低是因为在360℃停留时析出了贫溶质原子α相和基体溶质原子富化所造成。     

二元铝合金在碱性介质中的腐蚀与电化学行为

研究Al-Me(Me:Mg,Zn,Bi,Sn,Pb,In,Ga)二元合金在25℃ 4 mol/L NaOH碱性介质中的析氢腐蚀速率、自腐蚀电位、恒电流极化电极电位.结果表明:在25℃ 4 mol/L NaOH碱性介质中,纯铝中加入Zn或In的Al-Me二元合金析氢腐蚀速率增大,自腐蚀电位负移;加入Bi或Ga的Al-Me二元合金析氢速率影响不大,自腐蚀电位负移;添加Mg,Sn或Pb的Al-Me二元合金析氢速率降低,自腐蚀电位正移.当以100 mA/cm2的电流密度进行恒电流极化时,Mg,Zn,Bi,In能使Al-Me二元合金电极电位稍有负移,Sn,Pb,Ga能使Al-Me二元合金电极电位大幅度负移.     

锌铝共析合金中黏弹性-滞弹性转变的内耗研究

文章通过内耗的测量研究了锌铝共析合金中黏弹性-滞弹性的转变;采用阶梯变温的方法研究了锌铝共析合金的内耗-频率谱;运用不同的力学模型对实验现象进行了理论解释;随着测量温度的不同,材料的内耗表现出不同的频率依赖性。研究表明,当内耗测量频率趋于零时,-60℃为材料黏弹性-滞弹性的转变点。     

CuZnAl形状记忆合金超弹性的研究

研究了不同热处理工艺、晶粒束缚以及工作温度、应力循环、热循环和应力热循 环对 ＣｕＺｎＡｌ合金超弹性的影响。试验结果表明：合金常规淬火获得最佳超弹性的 淬火加热温度为８９０℃，对于所研究的线材试样而言，保温时间与线材直径有关；合 金采用双相区淬火，可获得较好的超弹性，其最佳淬火加热温度为７００℃，保温时间 为１０ｍｉｎ；晶粒束缚影响合金的超弹性，ｇｓ／Ｄ越大，晶粒束缚越小，超弹性越好； 合金的超弹性与工作温度有关，超弹性最佳值是在Ａｆ点以上一段温度范围内．其下限 温度为Ａｆ点以上１７～２２℃。合金在应力循环后出现了循环软化现象而不是循环硬 化现象，应力循环后，相变的熵及焓变降低；热循环和应力热循环均使合金的相变点 提高。     

Ti_(51)Pd_(30)Ni_(19)合金的相变及力学性能特征

制备了 Ti5 1 Pd30 Ni1 9高温形状记忆合金 .利用高温 X射线衍射 (XRD)分析及热分析 (DSC)研究了合金的相变过程 ,并对其在不同加载条件下的力学性能进行了测试 .结果表明 ,合金的马氏体相变开始温度可达 2 12℃ ,合金在马氏体及奥氏体状态下具有不同的屈服强度及形变强化能力 .在室温下 ,合金的形状记忆性能随拉伸变形量的增大而降低 .获得了该合金的伪弹性 :在奥氏体转变结束温度附近进行拉伸循环 ,三次加载 -卸载循环后即可获得稳定的弹性滞后回线 .     

锡-锑合金在中性溶液中阳极成膜规律的研究

利用恒电位阳极极化电流与极化时问的关系和线性电位扫描法研究了锡-锑合金在中性溶液中于1．2V（30℃，VS，SCE）阳极成膜规律覆膜相组成。实验结果表明：Sn—Sb合金在中性溶液中与在酸、碱性溶液中成膜规律不同。     

热处理对Fe_(40)Co_(40)Zr_7V_2B_9Ta_2合金微观结构及磁性能的影响

采用单辊快淬法制备Fe40Co40Zr7V2B9Ta2非晶合金薄带,并对该合金在不同温度下进行热处理.利用差热分析(DTA)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)测量合金的热性能、微观结构及磁性能.结果表明:Fe40Co40Zr7V2B9Ta2合金的初始晶化产物为α-FeCo相,高温时析出ZrCo3B2,Co23Zr6和ZrB2相;薄带横断面的形貌在快淬态和300℃退火后,合金的自由面呈网状结构,贴辊面呈枝状结构;高于550℃退火,横断面呈颗粒状;550℃退火后合金的矫顽力(Hc)最小,高于550℃退火,Hc随退火温度的升高而增大.     

玻璃成分对TiAI基合金高温氧化防护行为的影响

研究不同成分的玻璃防护Ti-47Al-2Cr-0.2Mo(原子数分数,%)合金在1 200℃时的氧化行为.研究结果表明:在1 200℃时,黏流态的玻璃能很好地包裹在合金的表面,并随着玻璃成分的变化,对合金的保护效果发生明显的变化;当玻璃成分为60SiO2-23Na2O-17CaO(质量分数,%)时,包裹在合金表面的玻璃在1 200℃保温30 min 后大部分脱落,防护效果降低;随着玻璃成分中SiO2质量分数的提高,玻璃脱落的面积逐渐减少;当玻璃成分为80SiO2-11Na2O-9CaO时,合金完全被玻璃包裹,有效地防止了合金被氧化.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.